I’ll just address the points you raised directly, as others are dealing with the more general.
- Galileo. I can never get over this. The Church excommunicated Galileo, for, God forbid, teaching the Earth revolved around the Sun. When was poor G let off the hook? to my knowledge, 1992. The Church, as a human institution, was flat out wrong.
Actually, the Church was not wrong in finding Galileo guilty. If you think that the problem was just that he was teaching that the Earth revolved around the sun, you don’t know enough about the case. Jesuits had been teaching that in their universities for decades before Galileo came along, and the theory was developed by Copernicus, an official in the Catholic Church. Galileo was found guilty of teaching this
in contradiction of Scripture, meaning that he was specifically saying that this proved the Bible wrong. The Church apologised for treating this old and obstinate man harshly (and he wasn’t treated all that harshly honestly), but has never apologized for finding him guilty. He was guilty, and guilty of heresy at that. He actually confessed to it, and was not given the punishment due to an unrepentent heretic.
- Usury and the corruption that pervaded the Church during the Renaissance. Wrong!!!
This has nothing to do with moral teaching, and in fact has nothing to do with any kind of teaching. It’s an example of people in the Church violating Church teaching as a matter of fact. By believing this was wrong, you are actually supporting Church moral teaching.
- Treating people the way the Church did during the Inquisition. Wrongo!!!
Actually, the Church provided free lawyers to the accused, had physicians present to ensure that torture did not go too far, and did an investigation on ALL witnesses called against the accused and removed any testimony that was found to come from personal bias. The Inquisition was barbaric by modern standards, but it was actually a HUGE leap forward from contemporary standards, and was arguably the largest step towards the legal system we have today in Europe and the U.S. You can’t blame the Church for not leaping immediately from the “Right of Kings” to execute anyone they felt like to a gigantic legal structure and judiciary. The Inquisition was an intermediate step, and a HUGE stride towards justice.
- In our own modern times, I believe, the incredibly soft response against the American sex abuse scandal. The fact Cardinal Law was allowed to say a public memorial Mass for the Pope in Rome. Wrong again!!!
Well, Cardinal Law is a different matter entirely. If he repented and sought Confession, then he has every right to preside over a public Mass. The reason he was called back to the Vatican in the first place was likely to remove him from his previous administrative role, and to keep a close eye on him. That being said, the soft response by the American Bishops (and it’s THEIR responsibility, not the Vatican’s) on the sex abuse scandal is again a point in FAVOR of Catholic morality, because Catholic morality dictates that they should have had a much swifter and stronger response. The Church can’t be faulted for the fact that people within the Church failed to uphold its values.
Hope this clears some things up. God bless!