False, also.
Scripture, the Fathers of the Church, the decrees of councils and popes condemn the taking of interest on loans to the poor and the greed of usurers, but say nothing about the charging of interest in general.
Please, actually go to the sources before spreading misinformation. Here is the relevant article of the Summa, proving that what I’m saying is right: usury was seen as each and every charging of interest, no matter how small or to whom.
ccel.org/ccel/aquinas/summa.SS_Q78_A1.html
Deuteronomy 23:20: “You may charge interest to a foreigner,” indicating that interest-taking is not presented as inherently evil or sinful.
I actually agree with you: the Bible has nothing against charging of interest per se. God’s divine Scripture was right all along. But the Church Fathers held the usury=interest view, and every major Catholic thinker did up to the Modern Age. St. Thomas, in the article I quoted above, interprets this biblical passage in the opposite way: Jews were forbidden to charge interest of other Jews (their brothers) because it was in itself immoral, and we should treat every man as a brother. Just read it.
With free enterprise as developed by the Late Scholastics, the Church defined what is meant by usury. Session X of the Fifth Lateran Council (1515) gave its exact meaning: “For that is the real meaning of usury: when, from its use, a thing which produces nothing is applied to the acquiring of gain and profit without any work, any expense or any risk.”
Consequently, as loaning money did involve loss of profit to the lender and further risk of loss from delay in returning the money loaned, this did justify interest that is just and justifiable.
You are making a host of confusions here, both conceptual and historical. I won’t derail the thread, just point some of them out: interest has nothing to do with the risk of non-payment and its associated risk premium. That is to say, even in a risk-free world there would exist positive interest rates.
Secondly, the consensus up to modern times was that the risk of not being paid did not justify the charging of interest.
Finally, paying a fine for paying back the loan too late is different from charging interest. It was, however, one of the many means business people used to bypass the prohibition of usury: they agreed to pay back the loan after the date on the contract with a fine.
The Franciscan St. Bernardine of Siena (1380-1444) was perhaps the first theologian to recognize that time of use had an economic value and, at least in certain cases, might be licitly compensated.
I think the first was Giles of Lessines, but he is a minor figure anyway, and he in no way made a defense of interest charging based on his affirmation that a present good is more valuable than the same good in the future. In fact, he condemned usury because it involved income with no work.
St. Bernardine, despite his economic genius and his analysis of entrepeneurship, reserved his most virulent attacks to usurers, whom he saw as all those who charged interest.
Sorry, I have studied this issue (usury) directly and read the authors themselves, while you speak from hearsay. If you are interested, the best study on the matter is by John T. Noonan “the scholastic analysis of usury”.
There had been massive theological dissent from Humanae Vitae, and if Fr Torraco of (EWTN) who was the Executive Director of the Society for the Study of the Magisterial Teaching of the Church (SSMTC), and answered questions for Mother Angelica’s Eternal Word Television Network, is not good enough, you can study the infallible declaration in Casti Connubii of Pius XI which counteracted the fall of the Anglican church in the U.K. to the contraceptive mentality, and the infallible statement in Humanae Vitae after the advent of the Pill.
I’m more interest in the arguments than in the supposedly infallible character of this or that declaration, which many Catholics will unfortunately flaunt for any position they defend.
I know that Grizes and Finnis offer a defense of the immorality of contraception totally unrelated to the “perverted natural faculty”. Maybe we could discuss it here, though I don’t think it is particularly convincing. I heard Ronheimer has a different defense, and that it is very good (a friend of mine, an Opus Dei numerary, told me it was the only argument against contraception that he read and thought “Ah! this is it!”), though I never saw it. Perhaps someone here knows it?
BTW walking on a treadmill is useless as an attempt to ridicule the reality of natural law. Since when has using normal aids to health and well-being become “unnatural”? Any medical procedure that is not immoral is normal when it aids improved health and well-being.
I agree with you. The argument that seeks to condemn contraception based on the fact that it “perverts a natural faculty” is singularly unsound, as the application of the same principle to the case of walking shows.
One thing that I think could be discussed is: is there a particular contraceptive mentality which goes necessarily hand in hand with the use of contraception, and which does not accompany the use of NFP? Or can both practices, NFP and contraception, be used with the same mentality?