Novena - private or public prayers repeated for nine successive days for obtaining special intercessory graces
Chaplet - a form of prayer using beads for counting or keeping track of repeated prayers. The rosary is a chaplet but not all chaplets are rosaries. Chaplets I pray include the Chaplet of the Blessed Sacrament (33 beads), the chaplet of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (9 beads), and the chaplet of Our Lady of Sorrows (7 sets of 1+7 beads).
Litany - usually done with a number of people but can be done individually, this is a ceremonial or liturgical form of prayer consisting of a series of invocations or supplications with responses that are the same for a number in succession. With the Litany of the Saints, for example, at the Easter Vigil involves a cantor proclaiming the names of a number of saints after which each the congregation responds “pray for us.”