This term here I cannot agree with. If these things are not analogous to what we’d call “articles of faith” prove them. Otherwise, you simply accept them because you find them to be reasonable. For the sake of empiricist argument, I cannot accept something anything simply because you’ve told me to. You must prove it to me.
I have two questions here. I don’t know what the phrase “to prove” means to you, and I don’t know what the word “faith” means to you. To cut down on waiting time, I will tell you what they mean to me, and then (maybe) we can go on.
To prove: means to reduce something to the basic, fundamental level.
Faith: to believe something for what there is no convincing, supporting evidence.
It is well established in Hebrews 11:1 - “Now faith is the assurance of things
hoped for, the conviction of things not seen.”
I realize that the second definition is somewhat ambiguous and subjective, since it contains the word: “convincing” and the word “evidence”. Obviously the term “convincing” is subjective. The word “evidence” can mean different things to different people. In my vocabulary, “convincing evidence” is something that substantiates an assertion “beyond any reasonable doubt”.
Yet another question: how can one “prove” the laws of logic? The three laws (identity, non-contradiction and the excluded middle) are so fundamental that they form the basis of all proofs. To say that they are based on faith is incorrect. We accept them, because denying them would be self-contradictory. How can one “prove” that 1 + 1 = 2? Even the idea to “proving” something like this is preposterous.
If one wishes to avoid infinite descent, all processes of “proving” must start from some point. Since those starting points are the basis of all proofs, they cannot be “proven”. However, that does not make them articles of faith. They don’t even resemble to articles of faith. They are not “assurance of things foped for”, they are not “convictions of things not seen”.
I can only partially accept this term. I understand that what we know now is all we have to go on. But at the same time, it is illogical and dishonest to ignore the possibility that such worldviews are wrong. This fact must always be taken in to account. As I mentioned previously, it is okay to believe in such, but then that would be something like faith.
The current standing of science is always tenuous. And I allowed for that, when I say that no one thinks that science is “done”. However, the currently accepted theories of science will be up for revision, if and only if there is convincing evidence (see above), that such a revision is warranted, by some new observation. To say that everything we know today is uncertain, because of the possibility that some part of it might need revision in the future would lead to universal skepticism.
Please inform me as to what are “the exact sciences”.
Any and all axiomaticaly based systems, like mathematics.
Of course, this would require me to simply believe the basic axioms and postulates. Again, following the empirical line of argument, I cannot do this without some proof that they are true. If, however, you wish that I place my faith in these axioms and postulates, that is a very different matter which requires the creation of arbitrary doctrines (what some would call dogmas).
Actually, it was the definition of the word “to prove”.
I have little to disagree about with this term.
Sounds good. But why the term “little”? Why not “nothing”?
What do you mean by “rational and logical thinking”. It is very obvious that our ideas of such thinking is not the same. If I accept this term, then I would be forfeiting my philosophical position.
I will illustrate it with an example of “valid” and “sound” logical reasoning.
A
valid logical reasoning would be:
Premise: “All elephants can play the violin”
Premise: “Jumbo is an elephant”.
Corollary: “Therefore Jumbo can play the violin”.
However, this is not a
sound logical reasoning, because it does not rest of a sound foundation.
A
sound logical reasoning would be:
Premise: “All elephants are mammals”
Premise: “Jumbo is an elephant”.
Corollary: “Therefore Jumbo is a mammal”.
I am sure you see the difference.