Recently, in reading through the letters of the New Testament, I have found that Paul places a great deal of emphasis on faith. I know that we are saved by our works and our faith, but in light of that, how do I properly interpret the Pauline letters, especially Romans and Galatians?
Also, what precisely does Paul mean by “put right with God?”
First, I would suggest reading the Catechism of the Catholic Church for the best explanation.
However, I’ll try and explain how I understand it as best as I can. When Paul speaks about faith what he is referring to is how we first become a Christian.
Some believed that they had to be circumcised in order to be brought into the Body of Christ. This is wrong, our intiation, if you will, is by faith and baptism (Galatians 3:24-27), not of works of the old law (Romans 3:28). No one has to follow the ordinances of the old law, like circumcision, to become a Christian and no one can live up to the requirements of the Commandements without God’s help (Romans 3:23, Matthew 19:25-26).
Then once we become Christians, we are filled with the Holy Spirit and we are given the grace, by God, to live up to the Commandments (Matthew 19:16-19), hence the works part (James 2:24). Of course the Sacraments are a part of our Salvation as well (baptism being the first Sacrament we recieve).
And when we turn from God and sin, we can obtain forgiveness for our sins through Christ’s death on the cross for us. We are to obtain forgiveness through Confession of course (John 20:21-23)
But without that initial faith in Christ (and baptism), we’re lost, since we are not Christians then.
Some people misunderstand Paul’s words these days, unfortunately. However, people also misunderstood them during the time of the Apostles as well (2 Peter 3:15-16).
Therefore we must always turn to the divine authority of the MoCC (Magesterium of the Catholic Church) for complete guidance in understanding difficult concepts such as this.
I could have explained it inadequately or even wrongly so check this out for yourself on the Vatican’s website, that has the Catechism. Probably the best place to start is Paragraph 1949-2029 on God’s Salvation: Law and Grace, and specifically the sections on Grace and Justification.
vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/_INDEX.HTM
I hope this helps. God bless.