Dear Vico
I am so sorry if borders you, but we all are here seeking answer to our questions. My problem did not been solved yet, so I ask again. First post of this thread is my problem and know that you gave some answer to it, but my problem is not solved yet.
So do you want to start over from scratch again?The supreme unity and simplicity of God does not exclude plurality of relations because they are
founded relatively, which means they do not
import composition.
For uncreated God, Essence = Existence = Person.
There is no conflict to simplicity of God due to the persons Father, Son, and Holy Spirit because persons are founded relatively (See: Aristotle Categories) the is no composition in God. The four* real relations* are paternity, filiation, spiration, and procession.
Aquinas wrote, S.T., Q28, A4:I answer that, According to the Philosopher (Metaph. v), every relation is based either on quantity, as double and half; or on action and passion, as the doer and the deed, the father and the son, the master and the servant, and the like. Now as there is no quantity in God, for He is great without quantity, as Augustine says (De Trin. i, 1) it follows that a real relation in God can be based only on action. Such relations are not based on the actions of God according to any extrinsic procession, forasmuch as the relations of God to creatures are not real in Him (13, 7).
Hence, it follows that real relations in God can be understood only in regard to those actions according to which there are internal, and not external, processions in God. These processions are two only, as above explained (27, 5), one derived from the action of the intellect, the procession of the Word; and the other from the action of the will, the procession of love.
Aquinas wrote, S.T., Q40, A2:In a divine person there is nothing to presuppose but essence, and relation or property. Whence, since the persons agree in essence, it only remains to be said that the persons are distinguished from each other by the relations.
… the relations or the properties distinguish or constitute the hypostases or persons, inasmuch as they are themselves the subsisting persons; as paternity is the Father, and filiation is the Son, because in God the abstract and the concrete do not differ.
The persons are the subsisting relations themselves. Hence it is not against the simplicity of the divine persons for them to be distinguished by the relations.