The term key is used in both the Old and new testament and refers to the kingdom; with one exception. In Revelation 3; “keys” relates to death and hades, which is not the kingdom. Therefore based on the evidence and the audience, the observation of the reality (i.e. the day of Pentecost, when all of the Apostles preached (Peter first)); we can easily conclude the object of the indefinite pronoun “you” is the plural for; which menas He gave each Apostle the “Key”, thus the words “I will give you the keys to the kingdom”, plus we know that all the apostles had the power to loose and bind, along with anyone that can present the message…this is reality. (Matthew 18). In addition there is one heaven in this picture, which would require how many keys?
One; loosing would be the equivalent to unlocking the door to allow entrance and not unlocking the door would be “you remain in your sin and the entrance to heaven is unopened/locked to you.”
Indeed throuh Peter, the other Apostles, Current and past Popes, Bishops and Priest do also have the keys [plural] to heaven as is necessary for the continuation of THEE Church Christ Founded.
[Please see my next post for more biblical evidence of Peter.]
As to your question as to how many keys? While I will not enumerate all of them, here are MORE THAN ONE!
Jh.3:5 Baptism is necessary for salvation
Mt.19:16 Keeping ALL of Gods Commandments are necessary for salvation
2 Cor. 4: 2 “We have renounced disgraceful, underhanded ways; we refuse to practice cunning or to tamper with God’s word, but by the open statement of the truth we would commend ourselves to every man’s conscience in the sight of God. 3 And even if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled only to those who are perishing.
1 Peter 4: 17 For the time has come for judgment to begin with the household of God; and if it begins with us, what will be the end of those who do not obey the gospel of God? 18 And “If the righteous man is scarcely saved, where will the impious and sinner appear?”
Phil.2: 12 “Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling; 13* for God is at work in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.”
John 20:2 "Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so I send you.” 22* And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and said to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit. 23 If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven; if you retain the sins of any, they are retained.”
What do to “lose and to bind” actually mean? [Mt.16:19 ans 18:18]
Who? Jesus the Christ (Mt. 16:16) The Son of God. All Knowing - all Wise - all everything Good. A key element of Gods Perfect Goodness is that God is and has to be “All-Fair and All Just.”
***The words used by Jesus are carefully selected to insure proper understanding.
This is part of the discourse in which Christ makes clear in unambiguous language that He intends to: 1. Form His Church (singular use of “I” and “you” and “church.” 2. That it is to be only ONE church. 3. That Peter is given the access (gate keys) to heaven. 4. Peter (and Peter alone) is given all of the power and authority to govern with COMPLETE autonomous authority, answering ONLY to God [the King] Himself***!
To “bind” and to “loose” were common, rabbinical, legally binding at Law terms for exactly that! Complete, and free governance. Jesus, Peter and all that heard knew exactly what Jesus meant! Exactly what Jesus meant!
Mt. 16:13: “Now when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do men say that the Son of man is?” [CP was the site of the areas largest Pagan temple.]
The location Jesus chooses is a clear indication of the Mission of His Church, and Peter and the Apostles. “Overcome, do away with pagan worship.” Jesus not only gives His Church this Mission, He gives His Church all of the tools and authority needed to accomplish it!
Why? Why indeed! Jesus knew from the moment of his Conception in the Virgin womb of His Mother, what Gods plan (His Plan) was. He knew that he would suffer and die that He would rise from the Dead, and be our Redeemer. He further knew that (Mt. 22:14 “14 For many are called, but few are chosen." The word “chosen, in this context means “chosen BY US!” In other words, many will deny, and many will die because of unbelief, because of the personal choice we make.
Jesus clearly knew what lie in store for His Deciples and the persecution His Church, and His Deciples, would have to face. This is precisely why the mandate, why the authority, why the church, why they too would die professing that Christ is Lord! That Jesus remains present “ Really Present,” why Jesus instituted the Seven Sacraments. All this so that His Church would have the power and the authority, the tools and the grace, to become the “Narrow Gate” of Christ plan for our Salvation. (Mt. 7:13.)
The “Keys to the Kingdom of Heaven” is a literal statement of FACT!
This is what Jesus said, did, intended and has accomplished.