What about;
Doctrinal Changes
- Virgin birth of Mary,
The Catholic Church never taught the virgin birth of Mary. I think you have it confused with the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. But this shows how people criticize the Church without even understanding it.
In Luke, Gabriel referred to Mary as “full of grace”. It depends on your definition of grace. Protestants define it as underserved favor. Catholic defines grace as the power of God infused into our hearts. Taking the Catholic definition of grace, Gabriel is say that May is FULL of the power God. If she is full of the power of God, then she has complete victory over sin.
Because thou wilt not leave my soul in hell; nor wilt then give thy holy one to see corruptionPsalm 15:10
Since Mary was sinless (see above), it would be the case that God would not allow her body to suffer corruption. Mary was not the only created human being assumed into heaven. The same thing happened to Enoch and Elijah. If God assumed Enoch and Elijah into heaven, why not Mary?
Granted, this verse does not explicitly teach this. But the Catholic Church never said it had to be explicitly taught. The New Testament itself would take an implicit teaching in the OT and make a doctrine of it.
In Luke 1:37, Gabriel says to Mary “Nothing is impossible with God”. This is a very bad translation. He is a literal translation with the Greek:
OTI {FOR} OUK{NOT} ADUNATESTHEI {SHALL BE IMPOSSIBLE} PARA TOI {WITH} THEO {GOD} PAN ANY (EVERY)} REMA {WORD}
The problem is the last word (REMA). It means word. It is not the word LOGOS, which is what is used for God’s Word (see John 1:1). Rather, this term is more personal. Tim Staples would translate it “Nothing is impossible with God as long as you give the word”. Gabriel came to not just announce to Mary that she would become the mother of Christ, but to ask her permission. God is a true gentleman. He honors our free will. And He honors Mary’s free will as well as well.
If Mary said “No”, just as Eve had said “No” to God, that would have the last straw, I believe. That would have left us to be forever condemned. But instead, Mary said “be it done to me according to thy word.” Then the angel departed. He received her response. The incarnation started at that time, when Mary gave her “yes” to God.
Her “yes” to God was not easy at that time. Back then, they would stone women for adultery. Joseph may not have believed her. Her parent may have completely disowned her. It was a huge step of faith. But if she had said “no”, there would have been no Savior.
“or at least an advocate to be prayed to”
The Bible commands us to pray for each other. It never told us that he can stop praying once we die. When we “pray” to a saint, we are just asking that saint for a favor. The word in Greek meant “to ask for”. In the Middle Ages, it was very common to use it that way (I pray thee, please pass the salt). Even the Bible, we see Abraham praying to Sarah (Gen 12:13), Abraham praying to Lot (Gen 13:8), Moses praying to Jethro (Exodus 14:18), etc. Of course, in none of these case does it mean that they a treating the other as God, it merely means asking for a favor.
2 Removal of the 2nd commandment
Not really. The command is this:
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;
Exodus 20:5
This passage is not against graven images per se. It is against graven images as an object of worship. If is was against graven images, period, then God Himself would have violated this command.He commanded to build graven images of cheribum and seraphim (angels) around the ark of the covenant .
3, Changing the Sabbath from the 7th day to the first day
The last time I checked, almost all of Protestantism followed the Catholic Church on this.
- Splitting the tenth commandment into two separate commandments
The commandments are not numbered in the original text. So any numbering scheme of the Commandments is based on some human invention.
Addressing priests as father
Paul said to his disciples that he was their father in the gospel (1 Cor 4:15)
Praying to Biblical personages who are deceased
God is not the God of the dead, but the living (Mark 12:27).