Proof that Peter was Pope?

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Faustina:
So are you saying that Revelation was written before 1 Peter?
If that is true, then who wrote 1Peter, you have stated that the author is not clearly Peter, and when did they write it?

I am questioning because I really do not know.

Another question, from the evidence you stated, how do you know the use of Babylon (Code for Rome) was not well into practice before it actually appears in Revelation? This is what may be stated by some scholars, however, I would like to read the actual documents, because more can be revealed if reading the actual writing, the wording and phrasing.

Hi Faousina,

No, I’m saying that Peter was dead before the alleged "code " word for Babylon is reported to have been used.

If you have any evidence that it was used earlier, please produce it.

As I have pointed out, Babylon was a florishing city in Peter’s time, a Jewsh center, despite claims by some apologists, so if he implied he was writing from Bablyon, its entirely probable that’s were he wrote from.😉

LittleLes
 
Church Militant:
The proof that Peter and Paul were in Rome is incontrovertible since Peter’s remains are there as was stated in the early church and Paul was martyred there according the Acts and the beliefs of the ECF as well.

Little Les, if that is not Peter’s footless body there in the Vatican where the early church wrote that it was buried, then just where is it? You don’t know…

Peter told his executioner’s that he was unworthy to die as his master did and that is why he was crucified upside down. His body was unceremoniously removed by simply hacking off his feet. He was indeed buried under the Vatican hill and that is precisely where the body was located when found during work during WWII. That news was withheld until after the war because the nazis occupied Italy at the time. Even an A & E documentary says so and they’re about as unbiased as it’s gonna get. The remark about Peter’s remains not being authentic is bunk and makes me question Les’s statement that he is Catholic since that would have to have come from a a-C source and he offers no verifiable source notes to that effect. (Probably Lorraine Boettner or Jack Chick)

As for those who say that “pope” is not in the Bible: So? since incarnation, trinity, and virgin birth are not and yet we believe them because they are implied doctrines…just like this and purgatory. the Pope concept is the same as St. Paul telling his disciples that they have not many fathers in the faith…spiritual fathers.

Christianity is filled with implied doctrines that those who choose to deny refuse to consider. shame on you guys for that…

The writings of Clement are fine and they certainly don’t help Little Les’s case since they don’t disqualify Peter from being in Rome and other sources confirm that he was.

I see no verifiable case against the church’s teachings on this…I do see suspect statements and neglected source citations.
Pax vobiscum,
Hi Church Militant,

You seem to have posted most of the Peter in Rome legends in one post. Lets take a look.
  1. I’m afraid that nothing in Acts tells where Paul or Peter were martyred. One of the earliest Church Fathers, Clement of Rome in his letter to the Corinthians, tells us that Paul was martyred under the Prefects in the West, but he does not make that same claim about Peter (who presumably was in the East). After about one hundred years these “witness statments” become a bit unhistorical and are replaced with legend. (Do you want to hear my Civil War true “history” only written about 100 years after the fact;) ).
  2. I believe that I’ve already cited James Curran of Dublin University’s article “Bones of St. Peter” which points out that the bones in Rome aren’t his.You might also find interesting on the web “Peter’s Jerusalem Grave” which claims that the bones of St. Peter were found in a first century Christian cemetery currently maintained by the Franciscans in Jerusalem.
  3. And the old “implied” doctrine claim can cover just about anything you want it to. Since the Church doesn’t know where St Joseph is buried, perhaps an “implied doctrine” tells us that since the good will not see corruption Joseph must have been assumed too.😃
At some point one has to put aside 'lets pretend" and deal with historic realities. Of course, some Catholic apologists will tell you differently.:o

LittleLes
 
If one truly wants to know the truth about a matter, that person will check into all sources, not just those that favor a point of view he prefers.

I applaud Greg00 for a search for proof, that is what I would do as well if I were a Roman Catholic wanting a solid factual basis to support a belief as foundational as the papacy. So I would urge a search of objective, church historians on the origins of the papacy.

The trouble is, one will not find any proof or evidence that Peter was the first bishop of Rome in spite of zealous (and biased) defenders of the papacy such as Stephen Ray.

Respected historian Eamon Duffy, who is Roman Catholic, and was actually invited by the Vatican to investigate the Inquistion, in his history of the papacy, “Saints and Sinners” writes:
To begin with, indeed, there was no ‘pope’, no bishop as such, for the church of Rome was slow to develop the office of chief presbyter, or bishop. (pg. 7)
Duffy also cites the letters of Ignatius which never address a bishop of Rome, and the fact that Clement, supposed to be one of the early popes, makes no claim to the title of bishop in the epistles which are attributed to him but speak in the plural, reflecting a plurality of elders in Rome. The list of Irenaeus is discussed as being highly suspect and reflecting more symbolism than factual truth. All this coupled with the complete lack of Biblical evidence for a “Pope Peter” does not bode well for the origins. As far as Matthew 16 is concerned, Duffy writes that the first known claim of that scripture to be used as a basis for authoritative and jurisdictional power by the bishop of Rome is by “Pope” Stephen in 257.

Regarding the bones of Peter, are they really his bones? How can one know for sure? Even if it was able to be proved (and it can’t) it would only prove his bones are in Rome. From that one could conclude that: A) he was either in Rome, or B) that his bones were moved there, which is possible, given the covetous desire for relics (whether verifiably authentic or not) that has pervaded church history. In any case the existence of bones does not prove at all that Rome had a pope in the first century and Peter was it.
 
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LittleLes:
Hi Church Militant,

You seem to have posted most of the Peter in Rome legends in one post. Lets take a look.
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LittleLes:
I’m afraid that nothing in Acts tells where Paul or Peter were martyred. One of the earliest Church Fathers, Clement of Rome in his letter to the Corinthians, tells us that Paul was martyred under the Prefects in the West, but he does not make that same claim about Peter (who presumably was in the East). After about one hundred years these “witness statments” become a bit unhistorical and are replaced with legend. (Do you want to hear my Civil War true “history” only written about 100 years after the fact;) ).
We’ve been over this again and again, I know you don’t like Ignatius and Clement-fine that is your decision-though when read objectively they seem to prove nothing other than that Peter and Paul both were in Rome/Died in Rome…then there’s “Eusebius Pamphilius, in The Chronicle, composed about A.D. 303, noted that ‘It is said that Peter’s first epistle, in which he makes mention of Mark, was composed at Rome itself; and that he himself indicates this, referring to the city figuratively as Babylon.’” But I know that violates your magical 100 year rule…I’m just wondering by me making the Statement:
“Francis Scott Key, in his Star Spangled Banner, makes mention ‘that our flag was still there,’ in this Mr. Key is referring to a flag flying above Fort McHenry during the British Attack.”

Is that statement suspect to be somehow unhistorical or replaced with legend? The idea that all of the early Church Father don’t point to Peter being in Rome indicates that you are reading them hoping to find any way to disprove Peter’s well documented trek to Rome–which raises other questions of why you have no problem being a “roman catholic” but refuse to acknowledge that the Church’s head was in Rome. Though again, the entire premise of this thread is false because ultimately though Peter’s Roman Residency can be proven it has absolutely no bearing on him functioning as the Pope.
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LittleLes:
And the old “implied” doctrine claim can cover just about anything you want it to. Since the Church doesn’t know where St Joseph is buried, perhaps an “implied doctrine” tells us that since the good will not see corruption Joseph must have been assumed too.😃
Sarcasm and cynicism are not terribly charitable.
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LittleLes:
At some point one has to put aside 'lets pretend" and deal with historic realities. Of course, some Catholic apologists will tell you differently.:o
At some point you are just going to have to come to terms with the overwhelming historical evidence that points to your argument being false. I see it as very dubious to speak of historical realities and then reject a major chunk of history.

I’ll deal with some of the other claims later.

God Bless,
 
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arcturus:
If one truly wants to know the truth about a matter, that person will check into all sources, not just those that favor a point of view he prefers.

I applaud Greg00 for a search for proof, that is what I would do as well if I were a Roman Catholic wanting a solid factual basis to support a belief as foundational as the papacy. So I would urge a search of objective, church historians on the origins of the papacy.

The trouble is, one will not find any proof or evidence that Peter was the first bishop of Rome in spite of zealous (and biased) defenders of the papacy such as Stephen Ray.

Respected historian Eamon Duffy, who is Roman Catholic, and was actually invited by the Vatican to investigate the Inquistion, in his history of the papacy, “Saints and Sinners” writes:Duffy also cites the letters of Ignatius which never address a bishop of Rome, and the fact that Clement, supposed to be one of the early popes, makes no claim to the title of bishop in the epistles which are attributed to him but speak in the plural, reflecting a plurality of elders in Rome. The list of Irenaeus is discussed as being highly suspect and reflecting more symbolism than factual truth. All this coupled with the complete lack of Biblical evidence for a “Pope Peter” does not bode well for the origins. As far as Matthew 16 is concerned, Duffy writes that the first known claim of that scripture to be used as a basis for authoritative and jurisdictional power by the bishop of Rome is by “Pope” Stephen in 257.

Regarding the bones of Peter, are they really his bones? How can one know for sure? Even if it was able to be proved (and it can’t) it would only prove his bones are in Rome. From that one could conclude that: A) he was either in Rome, or B) that his bones were moved there, which is possible, given the covetous desire for relics (whether verifiably authentic or not) that has pervaded church history. In any case the existence of bones does not prove at all that Rome had a pope in the first century and Peter was it.
Welcome arcturus, I see that you just registered today and that this is your first post. You might want to familirize yourself with the forum by going here though if you’ve been around for a while then I’m sure you’re already familiar…I’ll chat later.
 
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Lisa4Catholics:
I would suggest Littleless,that you buy" upon this Rock" by Stephen K.Ray which dismantles your argument from A to Z.Also St.Peter is buried below the main alter at the Vatican,this has been confirmed by people who have no reason to make it up:nope: The book I mentioned has documentation for every claim there are as many footnotes as writing.I wanted to use the book to respond but you are flying from one alleged proof to another:nope:
Hi Lisa,

I’m afraid yours is an assertion without evidence. Unless you have some evidence to present.😛

Merely claiming that some book “proves” something is an assertion without evidence, and, as a practical matter should be disregareded.😉

Did you hear about my book titled “Why Upon This Rock is Nonsense?” 🙂 See how easy it is to make unsupported assertions!

LittleLes
 
This was in response to a specific post. After typing it, it would not post (database error) now I can’t seem to find the original post again that I was responding to. So here it is at the end of everything.

The Gospel texts of Matthew and John prove one thing that the Church is truly founded on Peter and that the flock was entrusted to him. Did Christ intend to allow the Church to remain without successors in the key leadership roles? No, Christ did not intend to establish a discontinuous Church but a continuous, Catholic Church. One that could be clearly identified with the successor of Peter, in an unbroken line as the early lists of Peters successors testify to. Does it really matter if Peter preached in the East and the West? No. However many Eastern Fathers like Chrysostom, Didymus and Cyril of Alexandria clearly admit that Peter held without doubt the position of prince of the apostles. Another thing is that Peters residence is one thing and his See another. The Bishop of Rome can live anywhere and is still the Bishop of Rome. If Rome were ever destroyed the Pope would still be the Bishop of Rome and successor of Peter in that See. We believe by faith in Divine Revelation that the primacy of Peter is continued in the Popes. We believe not by Divine Revelation that Peter resided at Rome or died there, but by human historical evidence found in the writings of the early Church and in physical evidence in the excavations at the Vatican hill.
 
Br. Rich SFO:
This was in response to a specific post. After typing it, it would not post (database error) now I can’t seem to find the original post again that I was responding to. So here it is at the end of everything.

The Gospel texts of Matthew and John prove one thing that the Church is truly founded on Peter and that the flock was entrusted to him. Did Christ intend to allow the Church to remain without successors in the key leadership roles? No, Christ did not intend to establish a discontinuous Church but a continuous, Catholic Church. One that could be clearly identified with the successor of Peter, in an unbroken line as the early lists of Peters successors testify to. Does it really matter if Peter preached in the East and the West? No. However many Eastern Fathers like Chrysostom, Didymus and Cyril of Alexandria clearly admit that Peter held without doubt the position of prince of the apostles. Another thing is that Peters residence is one thing and his See another. The Bishop of Rome can live anywhere and is still the Bishop of Rome. If Rome were ever destroyed the Pope would still be the Bishop of Rome and successor of Peter in that See. We believe by faith in Divine Revelation that the primacy of Peter is continued in the Popes. We believe not by Divine Revelation that Peter resided at Rome or died there, but by human historical evidence found in the writings of the early Church and in physical evidence in the excavations at the Vatican hill.
Exactly :amen:
 
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LittleLes:
Hi Lisa,

I’m afraid yours is an assertion without evidence. Unless you have some evidence to present.😛

Merely claiming that some book “proves” something is an assertion without evidence, and, as a practical matter should be disregareded.😉

Did you hear about my book titled “Why Upon This Rock is Nonsense?” 🙂 See how easy it is to make unsupported assertions!

LittleLes
Then why do you not stop hopping about and stick with one argument at a time that is usually how it works,to do otherwise is a manipulation of the issue to take the emphasis of the origional argument or assertion and try to sway the posters by connecting several unrelated arguments to create the illusion of a superior argument.😛 http://pages.prodigy.net/indianahawkeye/newpage15/13.gif
 
Br. Rich SFO:
This was in response to a specific post. After typing it, it would not post (database error) now I can’t seem to find the original post again that I was responding to. So here it is at the end of everything.

The Gospel texts of Matthew and John prove one thing that the Church is truly founded on Peter and that the flock was entrusted to him. Did Christ intend to allow the Church to remain without successors in the key leadership roles? No, Christ did not intend to establish a discontinuous Church but a continuous, Catholic Church. One that could be clearly identified with the successor of Peter, in an unbroken line as the early lists of Peters successors testify to. Does it really matter if Peter preached in the East and the West? No. However many Eastern Fathers like Chrysostom, Didymus and Cyril of Alexandria clearly admit that Peter held without doubt the position of prince of the apostles. Another thing is that Peters residence is one thing and his See another. The Bishop of Rome can live anywhere and is still the Bishop of Rome. If Rome were ever destroyed the Pope would still be the Bishop of Rome and successor of Peter in that See. We believe by faith in Divine Revelation that the primacy of Peter is continued in the Popes. We believe not by Divine Revelation that Peter resided at Rome or died there, but by human historical evidence found in the writings of the early Church and in physical evidence in the excavations at the Vatican hill.
Actually, if you read the accounts of the Confession of Peter in both Mark (from whom Matthew copied) and Luke, Jesus says nothing about founding a church or Peterine primacy.

Matthew is alone in these claims. Do you suppose the founding of a church addition and Peterine primacy addition was an embellishment? Or could it have been an addition by a later copyist? When is the first time it was referred to by a “successor of Peter” or an early Church Father?:confused:

LittleLes
 
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Lisa4Catholics:
Then why do you not stop hopping about and stick with one argument at a time that is usually how it works,to do otherwise is a manipulation of the issue to take the emphasis of the origional argument or assertion and try to sway the posters by connecting several unrelated arguments to create the illusion of a superior argument.😛 http://pages.prodigy.net/indianahawkeye/newpage15/13.gif
Once I’ve presented sufficient evidence to prove my point I move on to the next argument.

I don’t waste time with unsubstantiated claims such as “a book by Fr Brown proves;) …” or things like that.

LittleLes
 
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LittleLes:
Actually, if you read the accounts of the Confession of Peter in both Mark (from whom Matthew copied) and Luke, Jesus says nothing about founding a church or Peterine primacy.

Matthew is alone in these claims. Do you suppose the founding of a church addition and Peterine primacy addition was an embellishment? Or could it have been an addition by a later copyist? When is the first time it was referred to by a “successor of Peter” or an early Church Father?:confused:

LittleLes
Who says Matthew copied from Mark or that Mark was written first? What proof of this do you have? Tradition holds that Matthew was the first Gospel and that is in fact why the Gospels are listed in the order that they are, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Moderen claims that Mark was written first are as flimsy as are the claims of the non-existent “Q”. They are mere speculation, nothing more. If you base your argument on this faulty premise don’t be surprised if more than a few dismiss it outright as I do.
 
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LittleLes:
Hi Church Militant,

You seem to have posted most of the Peter in Rome legends in one post. Lets take a look.
  1. I’m afraid that nothing in Acts tells where Paul or Peter were martyred. One of the earliest Church Fathers, Clement of Rome in his letter to the Corinthians, tells us that Paul was martyred under the Prefects in the West, but he does not make that same claim about Peter (who presumably was in the East). After about one hundred years these “witness statments” become a bit unhistorical and are replaced with legend. (Do you want to hear my Civil War true “history” only written about 100 years after the fact;) ).
  2. I believe that I’ve already cited James Curran of Dublin University’s article “Bones of St. Peter” which points out that the bones in Rome aren’t his.You might also find interesting on the web “Peter’s Jerusalem Grave” which claims that the bones of St. Peter were found in a first century Christian cemetery currently maintained by the Franciscans in Jerusalem.
  3. And the old “implied” doctrine claim can cover just about anything you want it to. Since the Church doesn’t know where St Joseph is buried, perhaps an “implied doctrine” tells us that since the good will not see corruption Joseph must have been assumed too.😃
At some point one has to put aside 'lets pretend" and deal with historic realities. Of course, some Catholic apologists will tell you differently.:o

LittleLes
And some a-C non-Catholics posing as Catholics on this site will say anything to disparage the church If you’re a Catholic then I’m a brain surgeon…
 
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arcturus:
If one truly wants to know the truth about a matter, that person will check into all sources, not just those that favor a point of view he prefers.

I applaud Greg00 for a search for proof, that is what I would do as well if I were a Roman Catholic wanting a solid factual basis to support a belief as foundational as the papacy. So I would urge a search of objective, church historians on the origins of the papacy.

The trouble is, one will not find any proof or evidence that Peter was the first bishop of Rome in spite of zealous (and biased) defenders of the papacy such as Stephen Ray.

Respected historian Eamon Duffy, who is Roman Catholic, and was actually invited by the Vatican to investigate the Inquistion, in his history of the papacy, “Saints and Sinners” writes:Duffy also cites the letters of Ignatius which never address a bishop of Rome, and the fact that Clement, supposed to be one of the early popes, makes no claim to the title of bishop in the epistles which are attributed to him but speak in the plural, reflecting a plurality of elders in Rome. The list of Irenaeus is discussed as being highly suspect and reflecting more symbolism than factual truth. All this coupled with the complete lack of Biblical evidence for a “Pope Peter” does not bode well for the origins. As far as Matthew 16 is concerned, Duffy writes that the first known claim of that scripture to be used as a basis for authoritative and jurisdictional power by the bishop of Rome is by “Pope” Stephen in 257.

Regarding the bones of Peter, are they really his bones? How can one know for sure? Even if it was able to be proved (and it can’t) it would only prove his bones are in Rome. From that one could conclude that: A) he was either in Rome, or B) that his bones were moved there, which is possible, given the covetous desire for relics (whether verifiably authentic or not) that has pervaded church history. In any case the existence of bones does not prove at all that Rome had a pope in the first century and Peter was it.
Just because a position was slow to develope does not mean that the position did not exist defacto…so you make a weak case. the fact that Peter was the final say in Acts 15…and that fact that he was named 1st in EVERY list of apostles which was a significant way of pointing to the hierarchies of that era is enough for me if nothing else.

Piece of advice…if you disagree with the Catholic Church tell it to someone who really cares. I get really tired of you guys pukin’ up the same ole same ole all the time. If we trolled your forums like you do ours…we’d be banned before we could hit enter on the second post. You abuse our tolerance.
 
Church Militant:
And some a-C non-Catholics posing as Catholics on this site will say anything to disparage the church If you’re a Catholic then I’m a brain surgeon…
Correct, CM. I have noticed this supposed Catholic on other threads denying the infallibility of the Church in matters of Faith and morals and denying the perpetual virginity. On the thread about James, where he argues that the “brethren of the Lord” are brothers-german to Jesus, I have in charity informed him that if he indeed is Catholic that he had excommunicated himself latae sententiae for his obsitnate heresy, although I suspect he is a non-catholic here to stir up trouble. I have asked him to modify his profile to reflect his actual status, but he refuses to respond. It seems clear from his action that his intent is to deceive Catholics in an attempt to prostyletize them.

…and we all know from whence deception comes.
 
Littleles says:
"I’m afraid yours is an assertion without evidence. Unless you have some evidence to present.

Merely claiming that some book “proves” something is an assertion without evidence, and, as a practical matter should be disregareded."

I would enjoy seeing him apply this to the resurrection stories in the gospels. Please littleles, share with us your acumen.
 
Hi Michael,
Sorry to upset you with my post, I did not engage in any ad hominem from what I can see. I feel it is important for people of faith to have an objective basis for their beliefs, and this is an apologetics forum, so it is only appropriate to discuss these things here.

I am a Christian not just because of a subjective faith. I believe in the tenets of the Nicene Creed also because of objective historical facts as well as recorded eyewitness documentation (the New Testament and other sources). As a result, I am stronger in my Christian beliefs. When I am challenged by non-Christians I can point to things other than just a vague trust in the unseen.

In the same manner, I would urge Catholics to explore various sources for the factual bases and origens of their doctrines/teaching. There is nothing wrong with reading Stephen Ray et al, but Ray makes a living defending the beliefs of the RCC. Historians like Eamon Duffy study history based upon factual evidence. Even though he is a Roman Catholic, by presenting a view of history with an unbiased eye based upon scholarly, unbiased study, he shows himself to be a very credible source. As I said, I applaud Greg00 in his search for proof…especially since authority claims of the Roman Catholic Church ultimately come back to the office of the papacy and its interpretation of Matthew 16.

If you have confidence that your beliefs are true, you should not feel uncomfortable in the search for objective evidence or to have those beliefs challenged from time to time.

Regarding the slow development of the position, this is a more modern take based upon the lack of historical evidence as cited. Vatican I stated that the position always existed with all its power of authority and jurisdiction right from the very beginning, so the development view fostered by John Henry Newman and modern apologists is something of a contradiction. We can see from the NT that the authority of Peter did not exist as claimed (witness the rebuke of Peter by Paul in Galatians 2, for example. Paul was clearly not under the authority of Peter; if he was, he could not have overridden him on an important theological matter).

WRT Peter being mentioned first in lists: I am not sure how this translates into supreme jurisdictional authority over the other 11 apostles.
From Mark, chapter 9:
33They came to Capernaum. When he was in the house, he asked them, “What were you arguing about on the road?” 34But they kept quiet because on the way they had argued about who was the greatest.
35Sitting down, Jesus called the Twelve and said, “If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.”
If we look at the NT with a fresh eye, and what we would expect to see if the papacy is indeed true, we would see clear references to Peter’s authoirty. Why didn’t Jesus say to the apostles, “Stop arguing, for Peter is in charge of you all when I am gone.” ?

Also, sorry to correct you but it was not Peter who concluded the Council of Jerusalem in Acts 15, it was the apostle James. WRT prominent presence of a person at a church council proving supreme authority and the papacy, why wasn’t the Bishop of Rome even present at the Council of Nicaea? Should we conclude that Constantine was in charge of the Christian church at that time?

Further, regarding your comment about being banned…If this forum does not want any non-Catholic Christians or other viewpoints here this should be stated clearly.
 
Again we see the problem of sola scriptura and individual interpretation. Leaving out Tradition and relegating the interpretation of scripture to oneself leaves out a necessary element of the truth. Where did Jesus say: “I came to found 30,000 denominations none of which agree” or “Hey guys look it up in the gospel of John when I am gone”. Also one could argue that Protestants have a vested interest in refuting Catholicism. They are not serious historians and therefore should be ignored.
 
Is there any actual historical evidence that shows that Saint Peter was the first Pope of the Catholic Church that we can show Protestants?
The earliest extant writing which addresses a list of episcopal successors for the Church in Rome is by St. Irenaeus, *Against Heresies, *ca. AD 189.

St. Irenaeus states:
Matthew also issued a written Gospel among the Hebrews in their own dialect, ***while Peter and Paul were preaching at Rome, and laying the foundations of the Church. ***(ibid., Bk 3, ch. 1, par. 1)

… indicating that tradition derived from the apostles, of the very great, the very ancient, and universally known Church founded and organized at Rome by the two most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul; as also [by pointing out] the faith preached to men, which comes down to our time by means of the successions of the bishops. For it is a matter of necessity that every Church should agree with this Church, on account of its preeminent authority – that is, the faithful everywhere – inasmuch as the Apostolic Tradition has been preserved continuously by those who are everywhere (ibid., Bk 3, ch. 3, par. 2)

… The blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate. … To him succeeded Anacletus; and after him, in the third place from the apostles, Clement was allotted the bishopric… To this Clement there succeeded Evaristus. Alexander followed Evaristus; then, sixth from the apostles, Sixtus was appointed; after him, Telephorus, who was gloriously martyred; then Hyginus; after him, Pius; then after him, Anicetus. Sorer having succeeded Anicetus, Eleutherius does now, in the twelfth place from the apostles, hold the inheritance of the episcopate. In this order, and by this succession, the ecclesiastical tradition from the apostles, and the preaching of the truth, have come down to us. And this is most abundant proof that there is one and the same vivifying faith, which has been preserved in the Church from the apostles until now, and handed down in truth. (ibid., Bk 3, ch. 3, par. 3)
The Protestant church historian, JND Kelly, lists all the popes from St. Peter to John Paul II, in his book The Oxford Dictionary of the Popes.

According to Phil Porvaznik’s apologetics website…

Was St. Peter Ever in Rome?
Refuting a Persistent Protestant Prejudice

bringyou.to/apologetics/num13.htm
It seems certain that Peter spent his closing years in Rome. Although the NT appears silent about such a stay, it is supported by 1 Peter 5:13, where ‘BABYLON’ is a code-name for ROME, and by the strong case for linking the Gospel of Mark, who as Peter’s companion (1 Pet 5:13) is said to have derived its substance from him, with Rome. To early writers like Clement of Rome (c. 95), Ignatius of Antioch (c. 107), and Irenaeus (c. 180) it was common knowledge that he worked and died in Rome.” (THE OXFORD DICTIONARY OF POPES (Oxford Univ Press, 1988), p. 6)
 
According to James T. Shotwell, Bryce Professor of the History of International Relations at Columbia University, managing editor of the 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica.
"The First Epistle of Peter has been the fundamental text for the contention that Peter was in Rome. Its closing salutation, ‘The church that is in Babylon…saluteth you’ (1 Peter v,13), refers UNDOUBTEDLY to Rome. Babylon was then in ruins, and there was no tradition for five centuries that Peter had been there, whereas the tradition connecting him with Rome is one of the STRONGEST in the Church. Babylon is used for Rome in the Sibylline Oracles and in Revelation (14:8; 16:19; 17:5; 18:2,10)…
“Upon the whole, there seems nothing improbable in the tradition and the belief of Catholic writers in St. Peter’s early labors in Rome. His martyrdom there, at a later period, is vouched for by a fairly continuous line of references in the documents from Clement on.” [THE SEE OF PETER (NY: Octagon Books, 1965) by James T. Shotwell and Louise Ropes Loomis, p. 56-57, 58-59, cited by Phil Porvaznik, ibid.)]
 
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