Assuming this question is open in goodwill, allow me an opinion, by addressing it.
Personal perspective on anything is based on personal understanding.
We see no further than the eyes we are given.
Catholics are steeped in the indoctrination that their view is the only view that constitutes the Church founded by Christ.
I say indoctrination in order to underline the default perspective Catholics adopt when the word Church is presented.
So, it is not surprising then to hear a Catholic mantra, given a Catholic teaching.
Catholics believe, starting with Peter, history speaks in support of the Catholic Church, as the legitimate Church intended by Christ.
But, was the Catholic Church the Church of day one?
The Catholic Church says yes; but, history says no.
Is the Catholic view the longest held within the Christian Church?
The Catholic Church says yes and history says yes.
Two thousand years of Catholic tradition.
Age may be contributory to wisdom or senility; but is not authoritative per se, by either.
If it is, the Christian upstart fails, given comparison to Judaism.
History shows that the Christian Church is expressed in Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox denominations.
If a denomination should prefer to label itself as Church, as Catholics choose, so be it.
Reformation is not a singular event born in 1054, but an ongoing process, since Matthew 16:18.
The 1054 Reformation was another advent in that process.
Is every Christian who is not Catholic lost to God?
I don’t think so, though perhaps the Catholic Church does; but, probably does not.
And if not, then Catholics agree that non-Catholic Christians have access to the Father through Christ.
By comparison to that significance, everything else is one’s own window dressing, isn’t it?
The contributions of Catholic thought to the Christian Church are ineffably profound – for which, all Christians are grateful – but, history demonstrates God does not want the Keys to rest with Catholics exclusively; regardless, of the Catholic spin on events, attempting to convince others [or themselves], otherwise.
Interestingly, your observation that your Protestant friend found your question made no sense to her is similar to my experience with Catholics. My questioning of their view makes no sense to them.
Thank you, for posing the issue; though, likewise, I would not be surprised that my thoughts probably don’t make sense to the Catholic in you.
At the very least, we all are surrendered to Christ and His judgement.