I am a medical technologist, and I work part-time in a blood bank.
Blood types refer to specific antigens on the blood cells that everyone has.
The ABO types are the ones that most of us are familiar with.
Type A people have A antigens, Type B people have B antigens, Type AB people have both A and B antigens, and Type O people have no antigens.
There are other blood types. The second type that most of us have heard of is the Rh system.
Rh positive people have the Rh antigen, Rh negaitve people do not have the Rh antigen.
It is impossible to know what blood type Mary or Jesus was. We would need to have a sample of their blood.
In this day and age in the U.S., most people are type O or B. Among the Hispanic population, Type B is more prevalent. Type AB is rarer, but we still see quite a few peope who are Type AB. So it is possible that we could make an intelligent guess that Jesus and Mary were probably either A or O, but perhaps the populations have changed since then. It really, truly is impossible to say. The science of blood typing is fairly modern, basically a discovery of the Twentieth Century.
Both the mother and the father contribute to the Blood type in humans. A person will possess one of the following genotypes:
AA = Type A
AO = Type A
OA = Type A
AB = Type AB
BB = Type B
BO = Type B
OB = Type B
OO = Type O
Since I can’t really draw out the chart for you in this post, I found a link that hopefully will explain the genetics to you:
classkids.org/library/classqa/bloodtyp.htm
Joseph’s blood type would not matter, since he didn’t contribute any DNA to Jesus.
AB is NOT a “new” blood type. I’m not sure what you mean by “new,” though. Are you referring to human evolution?
I don’t understand what you mean by “blood miracles.” Are you referring to changing wine into the Blood of Christ or something else.