Peace be with you all,
I am a Baptist and the HIscox “Principles and Practices for Baptist Churches” offers this for the understanding of the Christian Ordinance of Baptism.
Christian baptism is defined to be the immersion of a person in water, on a profession of his faith in Christ, in, or into, the name of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost (Spirit). Baptism, therefore, is an immersion or dipping in water, with this meaning, and for this sacred purpose; and without this dipping there is no Scriptural baptism. The immersion is essential to the rite, and pouring or sprinkling water upon a person is not, and cannot be, baptism, as well hereafter be shown.
And this sign of the Christian dispensation is distinguished from all the ablusions, washings, and sprinklings of the Mosaic dispensation, for none of which was it a substitute. “And were baptized of Him in Jordan, confessing their sins.” - Matt. 3:6. “And they went down both into the water, both Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him.” - Acts 8:38. “Therefore we are buried with Him by baptism into death.” - Rom. 6:4. “Buried with HIm in baptism.” - Co. 2:12. This impressive form and manner of administration was practiced by Christ and His Apostles, and continued unchanged in the churches for generations; but finally, at the dictate of prelates, or for the convenience of priests, it underwent changes which destroyed its beauty and robbed it of its significancy, and a human device was substituted for a divine ordinance.
Baptism is to be administered to those, and to those only, whou have exercised and professed saving faith in Christ; that is, to believers. This saving faith supposes an exercise of godly repentence of sin, and a turning to the Lord with full purpose of heart. “He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be condemned.” - mark 16:16 But “when they believed they were baptized, buth men and women.” - Acts 8:13. “Then they that gladly received His Word were baptized.” - Acts 2:41. “If thou believest with all thy heart, thou mayest.” - Acts 8:36. None but believers were baptized.
If it is shown that one did not express true faith in Christ or in one’s repentence of one’s sins or if such is in question Baptist will and can be done again. In the Baptist understanding of Christian Ordinances, they are not recipes or magic acts, they are fueled but one’s faith and turning to God. We cannot force Salvation on to ourselves or our children. It must be done from one’s on willful act that God’s Grace be accepted. We have freewill and God respects our choices even if they led us astray.
The notion of “infant baptism” evolved after Augustine’s elaborations on “original sin” which caused theologians to question the salvation of any who died before baptism thus the policy of infant baptism for the salvation of the children was instituted. It is my opinion, that this is an error of divine revelations being trumphed by philosophy (i.e. human conjecture).
Peace.