E
exnihilo
Guest
If 1 is true then no you couldn’t disagree. You would just have predetermined thoughts which you think are true.One could disagree with this in two ways: 1) Free will is an illusion, so the events are caused by the agents who are part of the system previously in time. 2) Free will is due to the brute fact of God (God making us from nothing and holding us in being each moment or else we would cease to exist, i.e. returning back to nothing), and so God is ultimately responsible for every action. Hence everything that begins to exist has a cause, no exceptions.
God is responsible for each action in so far as he allows things to happen. This is called God’s permissive will.
This isn’t math. Philosophically nothing is the absence of anything. It is no thing.Strictly speaking, this is incorrect. Put mathematically, x-x is different from 0. “x-x” is the absence of anything (“don’t have whatever you’re thinking of”), whereas “0” is the abstraction to refer to ‘nothing’. We commonly say x-x = 0, but this is literally an equivocation (or else a definition), us declaring the two to mean the same thing. But they literally are not the same thing.
The issue regarding death is that you haven’t experienced death. Nothing isn’t something we experience. I really can conceive of nothing. Nothing is in many ways easier to conceive of than God. Now I can’t experience nothingness obviously since I’d be a something.This is again incorrect. A catholic priest pointed out to me years ago when I said ‘I wish I were dead’ (or ‘I wish I never existed’) that “No, you don’t: You just wish you weren’t in your present state. None of us have experienced what it is to be dead, so we don’t know what that’s like. Being is the only state we have ever experienced. We have no idea what non-being is.” This is a technical point, but important for critical thinking. ‘Nothing’, like 0, is an abstraction commonly defined as ‘not anything’, but we don’t actually conceive of it. Similarly, Jean Danielou wrote a book called /God and the Ways of Knowing/ explaining that all our knowledge of God is actually negative – that we cannot conceive of God, and consequently all our knowledge is about what God is not – e.g. God is not finite, not human, not capricious (subject to fickle emotional changes), etc. We can know aspects of God, e.g. that He is three persons yet one being, but we cannot know God in His entire nature.