Receiving on the tongue

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InnocentIII:
And I would also like to make a point made both here and elsewhere - whatever the intentions of those who promoted reception in the hand it HAS led to a decrease in reverence for and belief in the Real Presence. I have seen this with my own eyes over the last 30 years. It has now reached the point where even in churches with prominent Tabernacles in the sanctuary people simply enter their seats without genuflecting, talk while they are visibly chewing the Host and treat its reception with total flippancy. It should not make a difference whether it is received in the hand or the tongue but it does … sadly it does
But this is a standard method of ‘proof’ that isn’t necessarily valid. Just because A has happened and B has happened it doesn’t follow necessarily that A caused B.

There are a billion possible examples, but to give one: as the number of churches in the town increases, the number of crimes increases. The one isn’t causing the other (hopefully!) but they’re both being caused by a different factor altogether (in this case, an increase in the population of the town).

Certainly it is now allowed to receive in the hand. Perhaps there is a decline in the belief in the Real Presence (though I have yet to see any reasonable evidence for this). But even if there is, it is no proof at all that the one is a cause for the other. It’s possible you’re right, but until I see an unbiased survey somewhere, I refuse to believe 🙂

Mike
 
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pnewton:
For me (let me make it clear that I may be in a small minority and what I am saying applies to no one else) I find reception in the hand far more reverent. I always keep my head bowed and eyes downcast as an outward sign of humility. I am sure this is the result of my protestant upbringing, but a bowed head seems more humble than an outstretched tongue. If I did not believe that it was Jesus before me, I would not feel this way. But I felt very uncomfortable lifting my eyes up at the priest and presenting my tongue.
Phillip,

Thanks for sharing that. I commend you for your reverence. As I mentioned in one of my earlier posts, I’m sure there are many people who receive communion in the hand very respectfully. On the other hand, not everyone who receives on the tongue puts a lot of thought into it. For me, receiving on the tongue is the way that I pay respect to my Lord. Either way, it’s refreshing to hear how much thought various people put into receiving Jesus.

Whether we receive on the tongue or in the hand, I think that we need more awareness of exactly what it means to receive Our Lord in Holy Communion. We can debate the pros and cons of how to receive all day, but the main problem is that a lot of folks have lost sight of exactly Who they are receiving at the altar. Once we restore that respect, a lot of the other problems will disappear.

God Bless,
Gary
 
I am a convert(First Holy Communion sometime next month, hopefully!!!) and here is my 2 cents’ worth about the subject.

I think it is a good idea to receive on the tongue because, among other things, receiving that way helps you to think about Who you are receiving. Getting Jesus placed in your mouth, rather than having Him placed in your hand, is not the “usual” way to eat something. Therefore, it helps people to focus on Jesus.

If people receive by hand, there is the danger that they will think that they are receiving a little wafer, as a sign of community fellowship.

I also think that people should go to confession more often, so that their souls can be free of sin when they receive Jesus.
 
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InnocentIII:
Actually it is not the Eucharist that we respect it is the Real Presence of Our Lord’s Flesh and Blood actually present in the consecrated species of bread and wine.

Perhaps this is what others have been trying to point out. However much respect you have for the act of communion (and I know many protestants who greatly respect the communion in their churches without believing in the Real Presence), to a Catholic it is the reality of consuming Our Lord’s very flesh and blood that leads us to claim “the moral high ground”.

Unity in Truth is the desire of Our Lord but unity in error is the wish of Satan.
I think this statement more than any other indicates quite clearly how poorly catechized many Catholics are today. I have heard catechism teachers say the Eucharist is the assembly of the faithful, I have heard people say the Eucharist is the Liturgy of the Word, and now I have heard that Eucharist is the consecration.

The bread and the wine are just that bread and wine until the consecration. At the consecration the bread and wine become the Eucharist which is the

ACTUAL BODY AND BLOOD OF JESUS CHRIST FULLY AND SUBSTANTIALLY PRESENT UNDER BOTH SPECIES

In other words the EUCHARIST IS THE REAL PRESENCE , not the consecration, not the Liturgy, not the Congragation. The Eucharist is the actual body and blood of Jesus Christ.

As far as the Protestant Chuches go their fathers rejected Catholicism. Luther Wycliife Hus, Calvin etc, all had a deep hatred for Catholicism, based I suppose on their ideas that each man could and should interpret the Bible for himself, and that the Catholic Church was hopelessely corrupt. Most if not all Protestant denominations today still do not consider the Catholic Church to be Christian and believe it to be a cult. Check out some of their apologist web sites. A lot of what they preach is a thinly veiled attempt to destroy Catholicism.

I know it goes against what a lot of people believe, but I believe that the Catholic Church is the true church. And I believe that there is no salvation outside the Catholic Church. I believe that if some one does not know the Church through no fault of his own salvation is possible. HOWEVER

PROTESTANTS EXPLICITLY REJECT THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND ITS TEACHINGS


To be perfectly candid what they do in their worship services does not matter to me, no matter how much reverence they show to whatever symbols they have. I just pray they come back to the Church.

If I have offended anyone with my remarks, I apologize. I know they go against a lot of the touchy feely stuff that is being passed off as Catholicism these days.
 
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palmas85:
In other words the EUCHARIST IS THE REAL PRESENCE , not the consecration, not the Liturgy, not the Congragation.
You make some excellent point, and well said. We sang a song in church once that had lyrics something to the effect of “On the altar, we are broken.” I was bothered by that and spoke to our pastor about it. He explained that bread becomes the Body of Christ. The faithful are the Body of Christ. Therefore, we are broken on the altar. I had never thought about that before.
 
Michael Welter:
I receive communion in the hand. When I do, I look Jesus in the face and tell Him I love Him. Then I consume Him.
Boy did that sound weird. But i love what you meant. To look at Jesus means one is truly respecting Him, rather than just eating the host, i think to look at Jesus and revere Him is much more respectful than recieving on the tongue, imo.

Jesus (imo) does not care if a particle of the host stays on your hand. It is what you feel in your heart to Him that he cares about. I think people should focus on realizing in the real presence rather than how to recieve it.
 
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Petertherock:
I don’t recieve by toungue. It’s the best way to transmit diseases.

No way. You can catch any disease the same way if receiving by the hand.
The religious reason is Jesus did not put the bread (which was then His Body) in the Apostles mouth during the last supper.
You DO NOT know how the first Mass was offered. Also, the Apostles were BISHOPS, not layity like you and I.
Also, as I said in another thread, how can one have a personal relationship with Jesus if they are afraid to touch Him?
Accepting Jesus Christ as your Lord and Savior is not enough. Here you make it sound as absolutely necessary. I feel a Protestant influence now… which goes back to the REASON wny we have communion in the hand to BEGIN WITH… mimicking PROTESTANT PRACTICE.

Ken
 
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InnocentIII:
I agree re the priest but again this is one of those things that has crept in post Vatican II as part of the overall loss of faith in the Real Presence. When I was young as soon as the priest had consecracrated the bread he:

Held the thumb and first finger of both hands together except when handling the Sacred Host itself

Picked all the crumbs off the paten and consumed them

Placed the thumb and first finger of each hand over the chalice when the server poured the water to rinse the chalice

Rinsed the paten and ciborium into the chalice

Then consumed the water in the chalice including all specks of the Host and remainders of the Precious Blood.

Only then could he release his fingers.

Sadly priests are no longer taught this and are unaware of the necessity to avoid the loss of any part of the Host. If priests were trained properly in ritual then this would equal to the taking of communion on the tongue and there would be no discrepancy.
It is not a matter of being taught it. It is a matter that it is not required. It bordered on hyper-religiosity.
 
St. Thomas Aquinas said, “Out of reverence towards the Sacrament [the Holy Eucharist], nothing touches it but what is consecrated.” Only the hands of a priest are consecrated.

Communion in the hand, a practice that arose as an abuse in Europe in the early 1970’s, contradicts the traditional Church teaching that was enunciated by St. Thomas Aquinas, viz., “Out of reverence towards this Sacrament, nothing touches it but what is consecrated.” Only the hands of a priest are consecrated. Communion in the hand was condemned by the Synod of Rouen in 650 A.D. to halt widespread abuses, and as a safeguard against sacrilege. However, Communion in the hand was re-introduced starting with Martin Luther, ***Protestants re-introduced this practice “to manifest their belief that there is no such thing as Transubstantiation and Holy Orders, and the bread used is just ordinary bread and the minister is just an ordinary man with no God-given power to consecrate.” ***

Very quickly, however, the “extraordinary” became ordinary as the ranks of “Eucharistic” ministers swelled. In short order followed the sacrileges of consecrated Hosts left on pews, sometimes in pieces; Hosts carried in pockets, passed around the classroom, found on the streets; and Hosts easily procured for the ultimate profanation in satanic Black Masses. Receiving Communion in the hand, and from a layman, has also contributed to the downgrading of the priesthood and other heresies concerning the Holy Eucharist. Let’s look at the attack on the priesthood now. Liturgical “ministries” seem to be the vehicle for effecting the chief goal of religious feminists, viz., women’s ordination. In the face of the Church’s refusal to ordain women, the strategy became to effect an eventual approval of ordination by involving females in other liturgical roles such as ALTAR GIRLS and LECTORS. This would prepare a climate of acceptance for priestesses by getting congregations used to seeing women around the altar. Feminists hope that eventually the clamor for priestesses will become so widespread that the Church will capitulate. Twenty years ago, arch-religious feminist Rosemary Ruether described this strategy of re-education:

“It is likely that a long seedtime must set in. A growing practice of ministry shared by men * and women will develop on local congregational levels. A certain educational process will go on between women and ordained males on the injustices of the restrictions placed on their female colleagues. Laity will become used to seeing women ministers in a number of adjunct roles and wonder why not Sacraments. Perhaps there will be discussions and conferences around this . . . Eventually, more bishops will be consecrated who wonder at the absurdity of the exclusion [with a growing example of women in full Sacramental ministry in other Churches].” [19] [Emphases added.] 19. Cornelia R. Ferreira, The Emerging Feminist Religion [Toronto: Life Ethics Center, 1989], pp. 4-5. Feminist Naomi Goldenberg, who calls herself a psychologist of religion, confirms this strategy that makes use of “devout” women who are unaware of the feminist agenda. She says these reformists and their clerical supporters think using inclusive language, highlighting the importance of women in the Gospels, and promoting women’s ordination are means of “improving the practice of their religion by encouraging women to share the responsibilities of worship equally with men,” [20] i.e., with priests. 20. Ibid., p. 5 [emphasis added]. Role Reversals Notice that phrase, “share the responsibilities of worship.” You’ll hear it quite frequently. It clothes the revolution in fuzzy, positive terms. After all, you won’t get anywhere by telling your pastor you intend to take over his job, and you won’t easily win “devout” recruits to your power grab by this frontal assault. Satan deceives by posing as an Angel of light. Goldenberg openly admits that the planned reforms challenge the basic nature of Christianity; they are “not minor alterations,” but “major departures from tradition” that will “shake Christianity at its roots.” [21]
  1. Ibid. Here we have it, straight from the horse’s mouth: according to two feminist leaders, lay ministries are designed to destroy the foundations of our religion; they are a transitional step to priestesses. As we know, in secular society, feminism, using role-reversal ideology , has emasculated the husband, stripping him of his role as provider, and destroying his hierarchical authority, all in the name of women’s equality. This has resulted in the “fatherless” family. The liturgical role revisions have done the same damage in the spiritual sphere.
*
 
Minimizing the priest’s sacramental and liturgical duties, says Fr. McLucas, has led to him becoming the “CEO of a parish plant. He oversees countless committees” and “begins to delegate the more burdensome pastoral duties,” such as visiting the sick, Baptizing, instructing converts, etc. He becomes a careerist and abdicates his fatherhood, leading to “Fatherless” parishes led by lay “pastoral administrators,” and featuring priestless Communion services run by lay “presiders”------usually women. Remember, Ruether predicted, “Laity will become used to seeing women ministers in a number of adjunct roles and wonder why not Sacraments. Eventually more bishops will be consecrated who wonder at the absurdity of the exclusion.” Right now there are Cardinals waiting to elect a new Pope who, they hope, will approve priestesses.

Limiting the priest’s function merely to consecrating makes him an “ecclesiastical technician” says Fr. McLucas. He’s correct. More and more, parishes believe they possess what’s called “communal ownership of the liturgy.” [23]
  1. Father Kwatera, p. 19. “Full participation” through the use of many liturgical ministers is meant to cement this “broad ownership of the service itself.” [24] 24. Marrin, ibid. Owning the liturgy and taking over the priest’s duties has led to the heretical belief that the priest does not get his authority directly from God, through the Apostles, but from the community. This belief is tied to the assertion, “We are Eucharist people.” There’s an article in the October 1999 issue of Eucharistic Minister [25]
  2. Ibid. [emphases added]. about a “Eucharistic community” that takes away the pastor’s stole and commissions" and “blesses” him when he moves elsewhere, then gives the new pastor the stole and the keys to the church. The author describes what it means to be a Eucharist community: “No individual member holds status or authority that . . . is not derived from the community itself. The outgoing pastor did not take his role in the community with him as he left. Like the stole, that role resided in a relationship to the community . . . Every minister is empowered by the community s/he serves.” This tells us, first, that the priest is a minister equivalent to lay ministers; and second, you are only a priest if somebody wants you. A deacon’s wife told me: “Women are doing priestly duties because we haven’t a choice. Being in a hospital setting, priests are often impossible to get. We are hearing their confessions and praying with them.”
The article gloats over the coup d’etat, painting it as altruism and a blessing: “It would be hard to imagine a generation ago that shared leadership among ordained and non-ordained members of the [sic] church would be either this possible or this productive. If grace is visible in crisis *, the transfer of responsibility to all the baptized has blessed the [sic] church.” Pastors who don’t share responsibility are “autocrats.” In a bold distortion of Scripture, the authority for the coup is seen to be Jesus Himself! Washing the disciples’ feet was allegedly a “stunning gesture of giving away power.” [By contrast, the Church explains that this act was meant to teach humility, and also signified the state of grace required for the reception of Holy Communion.] [26] 26. Ott, p. 399. “Shared leadership” and “the transfer of responsibility to all the baptized” are euphemisms for the old Protestant heresy that denied the ecclesiastical hierarchy by equating the royal priesthood of the faithful [1 Pet. 2: 5,9] with the ordained priesthood, a heresy condemned by the Council of Trent. [27] 27. Denziger, nn. 960, 966. Pope Pius XII said this error leads to the belief that “the people possess the true priestly power, and that the priest acts only in virtue of a function delegated to him by the community. Consequently, they regard the Eucharistic Sacrifice as a true ‘concelebration’,” in which the priest “concelebrates” with the people. [28] 28. Mediator Dei, sec. 87. The heretics are now moving beyond “concelebration.” At the 1999 Call to Action conference, termed an “experiment in the inclusive and collegial church envisioned by Vatican II,” the assembly did the “consecration” at the concluding “Eucharist” [Jim Loney, “A Church Called to Action,” Catholic New Times (Toronto), 28 November 1999, p. 10]. With no condemnation from the Vatican, more and more weak and ignorant Catholics will be pulled into this heretical practice. The assertion, seen above, that the “community commissions pastors,” and that the pastor “derives his authority from the community ,” was condemned by the Council of Trent, arose two centuries later, and was re-condemned by Pius VI as follows: “The proposition . . . that the power of ecclesiastical ministry and of rule is derived from the COMMUNITY of the faithful to the pastors------heretical.” [29] 29. Denziger, ibid. and nn. 967, 1502.

Ken*
 
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kleary:
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Petertherock:
I don’t recieve by toungue. It’s the best way to transmit diseases.

No way. You can catch any disease the same way if receiving by the hand.
The religious reason is Jesus did not put the bread (which was then His Body) in the Apostles mouth during the last supper.
You DO NOT know how the first Mass was offered. Also, the Apostles were BISHOPS, not layity like you and I.
Also, as I said in another thread, how can one have a personal relationship with Jesus if they are afraid to touch Him?
Accepting Jesus Christ as your Lord and Savior is not enough. Here you make it sound as absolutely necessary. I feel a Protestant influence now… which goes back to the REASON wny we have communion in the hand to BEGIN WITH… mimicking PROTESTANT PRACTICE.

Ken
Actually, since the Last Supper was the Passover Meal of the Jews, and Since Christ was a good Jew, and since we know quite a bit about the Passover Meal from our elder brothers, the Jews, I think that we can do more than just specualte how Jesus “said the first Mass”.
And as to Protestant practice, which one are you alluding to? TYou make it sound as if they have one way of distributing their communion; and if the Protestants have shown us anything, it is that they don’t have one way of doing much of anything.
 
And as to Protestant practice, which one are you alluding to? TYou make it sound as if they have one way of distributing their communion; and if the Protestants have shown us anything, it is that they don’t have one way of doing much of anything.
When Protestant churches have their communion services the people receive communion in the hand. “Liturgy” publicly shows what we believe.

In Protestant “churches” where there exists a liturgy or a communion service the “bread” is received in the “hand” to “signify” that the bread is NOT Jesus and the one giving it to you is no different than YOU.

When I was in fourth grade in Catholic School years ago I WAS TAUGHT that it is a GRAVE SACRILIDGE for ANYONE BUT THE PRIEST to touch the Sacred Host. I WAS TAUGHT THIS… back in the day when our parishes were flourishing and Catholic Schools were 99 percent nuns and only one or two lay teachers…

“Lex Orendi - Lex Credendi” - “The way we worship shows what we believe”.

Ken
 
kleary,

When Jesus established the Church, He promised to protect it from error. Women being ordained to the priesthood is not possible. Even the Pope doesn’t have the authority to change that. Jesus, Himself, established that men alone can be priests.

However, comparing this to Eucharist in the hand is simply a leap of logic. Jesus did not establish that communion should only be received on the tongue. That was a Church rule, and rules can be changed. Since the Church was promised a protection from error, then receiving the Eucharist in hand, as approved by the Church, is approved in heaven. The practice was condemned at times when that was a violation of the rules of the Church. To receive at that time was disobedient and, therefore, sinful. Today, it is not disobedient because the rules have changed. The Church has the authority to change rules. Jesus gave her that authority.
 
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kleary:
When I was in fourth grade in Catholic School years ago I WAS TAUGHT that it is a GRAVE SACRILIDGE for ANYONE BUT THE PRIEST to touch the Sacred Host.
I can’t receive communion, in the hand or on the tongue, without touching it.
 
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otm:
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kleary:
Actually, since the Last Supper was the Passover Meal of the Jews, and Since Christ was a good Jew, and since we know quite a bit about the Passover Meal from our elder brothers, the Jews, I think that we can do more than just specualte how Jesus “said the first Mass”.

I remember hearing that the Passover Meal had two parts, one that was the meal and another ceremony after the meal. I remember hearing this from the pulpit a while back (you see I attend a Latin Mass Chapel )

Ken
 
Michael Welter:
I can’t receive communion, in the hand or on the tongue, without touching it.
Thomas Aquinas was referring to the “touching” of the Sacred Host by “hands”. The priest’s hands are consecrated, ours, since we are NOT “PRIESTS” <in the manner of Melchichisedek or Alter Christus"> are NOT.

Ken
 
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kleary:
Thomas Aquinas was referring to the “touching” of the Sacred Host by “hands”.
Is that your interpretation, or did he actually say that?

And even if he did mean that, he was correct at that time. But again, the Church has the authority to bind and loose on earth, with the same effect in heaven. And since the Church was promised protection from error, then receiving in the hand has been approved in heaven.
 
Michael Welter said:
kleary,
**When Jesus established the Church, He promised to protect it from error. **

Promised to protect the Church from teaching error.

Women being ordained to the priesthood is not possible.

I agree, yet we all know that people are trying and we are seeing it happen, thoise who are trying and the effect it has had, with altar girls, etc.

** Even the Pope doesn’t have the authority to change that. Jesus, Himself, established that men alone can be priests.**

I agree.

**However, comparing this to Eucharist in the hand is simply a leap of logic. **

Not really. I am 38. Communion in the hand started as an abuse. The same people who fought for this are the same people who want it to be that anyone can be a priest, even a women, married man, active homosexual, etc - that the priest is no different than you and I. I go to an authorized LATIN MASS. In that Mass the Deacon KISSES the priest’s hand whenever he hands him something.

**Jesus did not establish that communion should only be received on the tongue. **

You do not know that

That was a Church rule, and rules can be changed.
Can be I agree. Now what it the theological reason for it and why are people seeing this change to the liturgy that will coincide with what we believe about the Christian Faith. Are we all priests now?? That is what I was told when it was introduced!!! That Communion in the hand shows that we are all priests and that God is no respector of persons!

**Since the Church was promised a protection from error, then receiving the Eucharist in hand, as approved by the Church, is approved in heaven. **

I will say that it is “allowed”. A child will cry for a cookie so loudly that the father may just give in and say “Ok here you go”. Evil forces can be in the Church and be allowed to reap destruction and steal people away… just like in the beginning when Lucifer was let into the garden.

Ken
 
kleary said:
>>And as to Protestant practice, which one are you alluding to? TYou make it sound as if they have one way of distributing their communion; and if the Protestants have shown us anything, it is that they don’t have one way of doing much of anything.

When Protestant churches have their communion services the people receive communion in the hand. “Liturgy” publicly shows what we believe.

In Protestant “churches” where there exists a liturgy or a communion service the “bread” is received in the “hand” to “signify” that the bread is NOT Jesus and the one giving it to you is no different than YOU.

When I was in fourth grade in Catholic School years ago I WAS TAUGHT that it is a GRAVE SACRILIDGE for ANYONE BUT THE PRIEST to touch the Sacred Host. I WAS TAUGHT THIS… back in the day when our parishes were flourishing and Catholic Schools were 99 percent nuns and only one or two lay teachers…

“Lex Orendi - Lex Credendi” - “The way we worship shows what we believe”.

Ken

Please see above highlighted area. Not at all true. You have been either mislead or misinformed. Most Protestants do not believe in the Real Presence, but that is not the specific reason that they do not rec. on the tongue. The Catholic view isn’t mentioned in any Protesntant Communion service at all and doesn’t come up at all, unless it’s brought up as a question (usually in a Bible study class). Even then, they recieve in the hand simply because they receive in the hand because that’s simply how they rec. This is one of those statements that makes me even more convinced that Catholics are just about as misinformed about Protestants as Protestants are about Catholics. When I was growing up Baptist, the Catholics were never mentioned in this context. It was called a “wonderful” or “precious” memorial. No one ever said,“We do this to demonstrate that this is really nothing.” Many Catholics also assert that standing for the reception of Holy Communion is a Protestant innovation. I find this puzzling, since most rec. the Lord’s Supper either SITTING or KNEELING at a rail (the latter are Episcopalians and Methodists, the former, all of the congregationalist and Presbyterians). Again, misinformation. The splendor of the Truth is not advanced by misinformation, even in a good cause.
 
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EJ79:
First of all, I respect your opinion, and nobody is claiming “moral high ground” on this issue - the consequences of Communion in the hand speak for themselves.

You might change your mind if you really knew how receiving communion in the hand was “reintroduced” and the heartache that it caused Pope Paul VI, who finally gave in and allowed it under pressure from some French, German, and Belgian bishops. Paul VI wrote an excellent defense and explanation of the Church’s decision (at the time it was the late 60’s) to only administer the Eucharist on the tongue of the communicant (too bad he gave in to pressure later on). It should be noted that Vatican II did not permit communion in the hand - it was experimented with by some groups after the Council, permission was NEVER sought for it - they just started doing it without the Pope’s knowledge of it, and then in the face of his disapproval of it.Wait, wait, wait! Conventional “wisdom” is that this is ONLY and has ever only been allowed in the American Church! Are you saying we’ve been misinformed? The French, the Germans, and the Belgians were in on it too?

The practice later caught on like wildfire in much of Europe, the U.S. and Canada, and the Pope later felt helpless to stop it.

The late Michael Davies wrote an excellent and fair analysis of the matter.

While both are now accepted, it is undeniable that Communion in the hand has led to widespread lack of belief in the Real Presence, as well as unfortunate incidents of sacrilege against the Eucharist. How many of us have witnessed the Host being dropped on the ground because of clumsiness in the way it’s handled? **A) It is NOT undeniable that “Communion in the hand has led to widespread lack of belief in the Real Presence, as well as unfortunate incidents of sacrilege against the Eucharist.” There is absolutely NO hard and fast evidence that one has led to the other and it is poor logic. It is also entirely a subjective opinion. And the Sacred Host was taken away from Communion and used for nefarious purposes long before the Church allowed the return to what was the original custom. **

Anyone who can’t acknowledge honestly the negative consequences of Communion in the hand lives in the Twilight Zone… let’s be respectful of the legitimate preferences of others, but let’s not ignore reality either.
**I’m sorry, but you’ve bypassed logic and established a subjective opinion as holy law. Even the Holy Fathers, who (you are quite right, they didn’t/don’t like it) haven’t done this. Thus, their “not liking it” is their prudential judgement and, wisely, they have not tried to force the consciences of the faithful. Neither do they engage in this browbeating that in the end seems only to allow some people (who rec. on the tongue)to claim to be holier than others (those who rec. in the hand). **
 
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