NeelyAnn:
That is not correct. The idea of separation of Church and State is condemned, period. The reason is because the State has a moral duty to profess the true religion
Timothysis:
As I said before, this is true in a Catholic state. For the same reason that the code of Canon Law does not apply to non Catholics, the syllabus does not apply to non Catholic states.
When you speak of Canon law and separation of Church and State, you are mixing apples and oranges.
The reason is, Canon Law only applies to those who are under the jurisdiction and authority of the Church – namely, the baptized.
When speaking of the separation of Church and State, the duty of the State to profess the true religion is not due to the jurisdiction of the Church, **but rather the dominion of Almighty God **– which includes, not only every individual person without exception, nor every individual family without exception, but also every single State without exception.
Pope Pius XI, Quas Primas: “It would be a
grave error, on the other hand, to say that Christ has no authority whatever in civil affairs, since, by virtue of the absolute empire over all creatures committed to him by the Father, all things are in his power. …
Thus the empire of our Redeemer embraces all men. To use the words of Our immortal predecessor, Pope Leo XIII:
‘His empire includes not only Catholic nations, not only baptized persons who, though of right belonging to the Church, have been led astray by error, or have been cut off from her by schism, but also all those who are outside the Christian faith; so that truly the whole of mankind is subject to the power of Jesus Christ.’ Nor is there any difference in this matter between the individual and the family or the State; for all men, whether collectively or individually, are under the dominion of Christ. …What else is a nation but a number of men living in concord? ** If, therefore, the rulers of nations wish to preserve their authority, to promote and increase the prosperity of their countries, they will not neglect the public duty** of reverence and obedience to the rule of Christ. What We said at the beginning of Our Pontificate concerning the decline of public authority, and the lack of respect for the same, is equally true at the present day. ‘With God and Jesus Christ," we said, "excluded from political life, with authority derived not from God but from man, the very basis of that authority has been taken away, because the chief reason of the distinction between ruler and subject has been eliminated. The result is that human society is tottering to its fall, because it has no longer a secure and solid foundation’. When once men recognize, both in private and in public life, that Christ is King, society will at last receive the great blessings of real liberty, well-ordered discipline, peace and harmony.” (Quas Primas)
Since all individuals, families, and States are under the dominion of Christ, all, without exception, have the duty to submit to Christ.
Separation of Church and State nullifies the State’s duty to profess the religion of Jesus Christ, and therefore implicitly rejects the Kingship of Jesus Christ over the entire human race.
So the teaching of the
Syllabus with respect to separation of Church and State applies even to non-Catholic States,
since they too are under the dominion of Christ.
Let me end with on final quote. This is from Vehementer Nos of Pope Pius X:
Pope Pius X, Vehementer Nos: “That the State must be separated from the Church is a thesis absolutely false, a most pernicious error. Based, as it is, on the principle that the State must not recognize any religious cult, it is in the first place guilty of a great injustice to God; for the Creator of man is also the Founder of human societies, and preserves their existence as He preserves our own. We owe Him, therefore, not only a private cult, but a public and social worship to honor Him".
That is true for every State without exception, which, of course, is why the contrary error was formally condemned. It was condemned because it was an error. And just to be clear, let’s take a look at the condemned proposition.
Syllabus #55. [It is an error to believe that] The Church ought to be separated from the .State, and the State from the Church. – Allocution “Acerbissimum,” Sept. 27, 1852.
Notice that the word Catholic is nowhere to be found. Why? Because all States are under the dominion of Christ, and therefore all have a duty to profess the religion established by Him.