All,
I am going to present what I THINK is the condition of the Catholic Church today as espoused by the Magisterium and interpreted by Catholic scholars and apologists (again from my understanding). After this, I will ask why I should believe this “condition” is a condition that should exist in God’s church.
The condition of the Catholic Church today is espoused in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, which reflects the Magisterium. What a Catholic “scholar”, “apologist”, Bishop, Priest, Father of the Church says does not reflect the condition of the Catholic Church today.
Before we get to the Catholic Church today, we should review the Catholic Church 2000 years ago so we can compare the “condition.”
Jesus Christ is the Word of God made flesh. He was God fully revealed; the revelation. (John 1:1-18, Eph 1:9, Hebrews 1:1-2)
He revealed the Gospel and the Deposit of Christian Faith. He revealed it to the Twelve, the Apostles, and disciples. (Matthew 4:23, 7:29, Mark 1:21-27, Luke 10:39, 19:47, John 7:14)
God’s Church was establish by Jesus Christ at Pentecost, 50 days after his resurrection. In Christ’s body and blood a new covenant with God is made (Jeremiah 31:31, Mark 14:23-25, Luke 22:20, 1 Cor 11:24-26) and the old covenant is no more (Hebrews 7:11, 8:7-8, 8:13, 2 Cor 3:6). The new covenant is to be sent to the world (Matthew 28:19, Acts 9:15)
After Judas’ apostasy and suicide, Peter wanted to restore the twelve. Because the Twelve were witnesses to the resurrection, Peter said the man must have walked with Christ since the baptism of John. They picked two. They prayed to have God show them who it should be. This was not revelation but the Holy Spirit working through the Church. There was no addition to the Deposit of Faith and we learn the title Apostle could not be passed on forever.
At the Council of Jerusalem, the disciples gathered to decided whether circumcision would be requirement for Church membership. They debated the issue and decided it was an unnecessary yoke to put on the Gentiles. James as the Bishop of Jerusalem made the final announcement. They had been taught by Christ the law of Moses under the old covenant had been fulfilled. There was no change to the Deposit of Faith.
Saul heard Jesus’ voice on the way to Damascus, which converted him to Christianity. But Paul did not receive revelation or any addition to the deposit of faith. The disciples taught him in Damascus. (Acts 9:19, Gal 1:17) And His understanding was blessed by Peter (Gal 1:18, 2:9) and he submitted to the Church (Acts 15:2)
After Jesus was crucified, two women had a vision that Christ was alive. Peter had a vision reminding him that the good news was for all nations, not just the Jews. Nothing new was added to the Deposit of Faith.
All the Apostles were not ‘The Twelve.’ The Twelve were the foundation of his Church (Eph 2:19-22), but not just any 12 but THE Twelve (Rev 21:14). The corner stone and the foundation are laid once. Just as Christ is eternally the head of the Church, The Twelve are the eternal foundation.
In New Testament times, many people were called prophets (Luke 2:36, Acts 13:1, Acts 21:10), but Simon Peter was never called a prophet.
Peter and other men wrote about Jesus Christ and the new covenant. In the 4th century, the Catholic Church declared 27 of the writings to be scripture.
Prophecy, the inspiration to write scripture, and visions are all gifts of God; the Holy Spirit. They are not associated with a position within the Church of God.
Peter received revelation from the Word of God, he wrote scripture, and we was one of the Twelve Apostles; witnesses to the resurrection. Peter’s successor could not have been an apostle because he did not witness the resurrection or were sent out (apostles) by Christ. Linus could not receive revelation because Christ no longer walked the earth. Linus could have wrote scripture, had visions, or been a prophet, but it was not a requirement of his position as the Bishop of Rome and holder of the keys.
That was the condition of the Church 2000 years ago
The Catholic Church today has a Pope who is the successor of Simon Peter, holder of the keys, as the head of the Church. Except for not walking the earth with Christ and witnessing his resurrection, he is the same as Simon Peter. Like Linus and everyone born after the ascension, he does not receive public revelation. Like Linus and everyone who is not the Twelve, he is not an Apostle.
That is the condition of the Catholic Church today same as 2000 years ago.
Mormons believe Peter was an Apostle, prophet, revelator, and President of his Church. They believe all four are required to lead the church. As we see in scripture and the historical record. This is not true. It was made up by the Mormon Church. The Mormon Church originally claimed the Apostasy to have taken place in 570 AD. This means at that time all the Popes would have been rightful leaders of the Church. Mormons would have accepted the trinity as defined at the Council of Nicaea, which they did until Joseph Smith led them into apostasy.
I believe the Mormon Church had to push back the date of the apostasy when they discovered there was too much written from 50AD to 570AD which proved Mormonism wrong as they moved away from Christianity. At some point, after the death of Joseph Smith, they decided it happened with the death of the last Apostle, and made up the story about a Church led by an apostle, prophet, and revelator,