Although I haven’t read Dawkins’ works yet, most atheists base their arguments against Christianity on “straw”. That is, most, rather, nearly all atheists (from what I have heard, even Dawkins himself bases his book, “God Delusion” from a terrible misunderstanding of what our faith truly teaches and bases his premises on false teachings or unexact half truths from dimwitted Christians), I guess would probably flunk a test on say, our Catholic faith. What value is an argument if one argues and tries to disprove a premise he doesn’t fully understand? In essence it is nothing, for it is based on a premise which is non substantial. A straw man argument.
I think it’s important to characterize Dawkins’ arguments properly, lest we ourselves respond uncritically to a “straw man argument.” They are in fact not a mere characterization of a theist stereotype, but a compilation of arguments that skeptics throughout history have used in arguing against God. I should note that I’ve not read The God Delusion, but I’ve listened to numerous podcast interviews with Dawkins and have watched his Q&A/Debate with British professor of historical theology Allistor McGrath on Google Video. I also should note that aside from the
content of his argument, some of his statements in interviews have seemed to steotype theists as easily cowed self-deluding simps. That’s to what I most seriously object.
As I understand it, here are his main arguments:
(1) Science, as we understand it, does not require a God to explain the observed universe.
(2) The problem of evil. Why do evils such as natural disaster exist? Why does one person survive such an event, while many die? Why are there diseases such as cancer in two-year old children?
(3) The historicity of various religions’ claims. Namely, that there is little historical evidence to back the factual claims of any one religion, including the Resurrection of Christ (in Christianity), the appearance of Gabriel to Muhammad (in Islam), and/or the appearance of Krishna to Arjuna before battle (in Hinduism).
I think each of these points is easily addressed, but not too easily. Many of the “stock” answers from theists are all too “pat.” For instance, one historical answer to the problem of evil is that it’s God’s will that one person lives while 10,000 die. Sure, it could be true, but it’s awfully cold and arbitrary. Another, a Christian response, is that death came into the world with the “Sin of Adam” (never mind Eve of course, though she was first to sin), so all such disasters are the result of this original sin. I find that also thin. There’s plenty of evidence of death among non-human animals before the emergence of
Homo sapiens sapeins, and it’s not at all clear that there was an actual Adam and Eve in the “historical person” sense of the word.
However, many natural disasters take lives on account of human choice and hubris, not the actual meteorological or geological phenomena. New Orleans, for instance, was such a disaster more due to the excessive confidence in city planners in 1950s engineering, the overconfidence (i.e. pride) in evacuation and shelter plans, the failure to educate its residents on the risks of Katrina, and the unwillingness of decision makers to listen to expert recommendations who warned of such disasters years before it happened, than to the occurence of a Class 4 hurricane
per se. The earthquake in northern Pakistan, which claimed so many lives, can be thought of as a failure of development, and of “donor fatigue” setting in concurrently with the Himalayan winter.
But childhood cancer? Failure to thrive among infants? Truly not easy to answer. I think epidemiologic data can tell us more about how our actions affect our childrens’ health, but some diseases are truly genetic. Hard to blame people for that one, unless you are willing to say that those with genetic illnesses shouldn’t breed. That’s a pretty monstrous line.