B
Bithynian
Guest
I think there’s a lot of confusion due to the way the word entered into the English language, how it was used and its relationship to similar phrases in other languages. The Oxford English Dictionary notes that the phrase ‘Roman Catholic’ entered into English usage only after the Reformation and it applied both to the Churches that were in communion with Rome and also their faithful. Moreover, it does not seem to have been used as a slur initially. Rather, it was meant as a polite term instead of ‘Romish’ or ‘Papist’, but it probably did acquire some negative connotations over the following few centuries.
Erstwhile, you have the separate usage of the phrase Ecclesia Catholica Romana in Latin, which was occasionally used to describe the Church, but was rarely (if ever) applied to the faithful in the form of Catholicus Romanus. Note that in English, the Church was not generally qualified with a ‘Roman’ or ‘of Rome’ modifier prior to the Reformation, it was only referred to as the ‘Catholic Church’, and likewise the faithful were simply ‘Catholics’.
On top of this, the use of ‘Roman Catholic’ in English also lead to its adoption in many other languages, including Greek ρωμαικοκαθολικος romaiokatholikos. The latter has seen more widespread as Greeks do not any longer refer to themselves as Romans (in the sense of citizens of the Byzantine Empire), and romaiokatholikos is a much more polite term for the Church and its faithful than the historical terms φραγκοι frankoi (Franks) and λατινικες latinikes (Latins), and the very pejorative φραγκολατινικες francolatinikes (Franco-Latins).
Erstwhile, you have the separate usage of the phrase Ecclesia Catholica Romana in Latin, which was occasionally used to describe the Church, but was rarely (if ever) applied to the faithful in the form of Catholicus Romanus. Note that in English, the Church was not generally qualified with a ‘Roman’ or ‘of Rome’ modifier prior to the Reformation, it was only referred to as the ‘Catholic Church’, and likewise the faithful were simply ‘Catholics’.
On top of this, the use of ‘Roman Catholic’ in English also lead to its adoption in many other languages, including Greek ρωμαικοκαθολικος romaiokatholikos. The latter has seen more widespread as Greeks do not any longer refer to themselves as Romans (in the sense of citizens of the Byzantine Empire), and romaiokatholikos is a much more polite term for the Church and its faithful than the historical terms φραγκοι frankoi (Franks) and λατινικες latinikes (Latins), and the very pejorative φραγκολατινικες francolatinikes (Franco-Latins).