Romans 12:20
“If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink. In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.”
Heap burning coals on his head. This means get your enemy that you help mad? Is this right?
St. Paul seems to be using an allusion to smelting.
Precious metals and ores like copper, iron and gold aren’t naturally pure or free of other substances when you find them. Because of this a precious metal must be extracted from the impurities that may lie within through the process of smelting.
While today a chemical process exists, in Biblical times smelting involved heating up the precious metal by placing it on a heaping pile of burning coals. These were added until the metal liquefied and the impurities separated themselves into identifiable globs called “dross.” The dross could easily be sifted out, and in this way the precious metal was refined.
St. Paul is actually paraphrasing parts of Proverbs 25 and making reference to its comments on “smelting out” bad qualities from people.
Remove the dross from silver,
and it comes forth perfectly purified;
Remove the wicked from the presence of the king,
and his throne is made firm through justice.
And…
If your enemies are hungry, give them food to eat,
if thirsty, give something to drink;
For live coals you will heap on their heads,
and the Lord will vindicate you.–
Proverbs 25:4-5 and 21-22.
What Paul is saying in Romans is that you can often embarrass an enemy or someone who treats you poorly by treating them with kindness and goodness. The kindness can soften their heart and move them to imitate your kindness and become better people themselves. Sometimes people are mean or acting wickedly because they themselves have been treated badly. Whatever the case, by good actions bad people can be won over.