I know the church has a “Sacrament of anointing” that isn’t a sacrament of healing. What does all this stuff in the Bible mean about “laying hands on the sick and they shall recover” and if anyone let him call for the elders of the church? I can’t remember exactly where it is. It sounds like healing is a given. Yet the church doesn’t profess that or does it happen.
As others have said, the Sacrament of the Sick is a sacrament of and for healing.
It is well expressed by the US Conference of Catholic Bishops:
*In the Church’s Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick, through the ministry of the priest, it is Jesus who touches the sick to heal them from sin – and sometimes even from physical ailment. His cures were signs of the arrival of the Kingdom of God. The core message of his healing tells us of his plan to conquer sin and death by his dying and rising.
The Rite of Anointing tells us there is no need to wait until a person is at the point of death to receive the Sacrament. A careful judgment about the serious nature of the illness is sufficient.
When the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick is given, the hoped-for effect is that, if it be God’s will, the person be physically healed of illness. But even if there is no physical healing, the primary effect of the Sacrament is a spiritual healing by which the sick person receives the Holy Spirit’s gift of peace and courage to deal with the difficulties that accompany serious illness or the frailty of old age. *
As for your other question, you are remembering the Epistle of James in the New Testament, specifically, James 5:14-15
14 Is anyone among you sick? He should summon the presbyters of the church, and they should pray over him and anoint [him] with oil in the name of the Lord, 15 and the prayer of faith will save the sick person, and the Lord will raise him up. If he has committed any sins, he will be forgiven.
The Sacrament of the Sick has undergone a renaissance since the Council – thanks be to God – and if you have a health condition, you should speak to your pastor to see if anointing is appropriate in your situation.
I was professor of liturgy and sacraments for many years and was responsible for pastoral care for the sick in my diocese in one of my non-academic assignments. I remember the days when this sacrament was called Extreme Unction; if you were anointed, it was because you were expected or likely you were to die. I also remember when the Council Fathers said this sacrament is
more fittingly called “Anointing of the Sick” because it is meant also for those who are sick or for those who are negatively affected by advancing age. It is there to strengthen us.
As a retired priest, I receive it regularly myself so that I may be fortified in these, my last years, and also to the bear the cross of my declining health.
February 11th, the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes, was made World Day of the Sick by Pope Saint John Paul II. It is a day when this sacrament is publicly conferred in cathedrals and parishes around the world…and it may happen in your own parish or one nearby. You should inquire. These Masses, I always find, to be very beautiful moments.