An interesting side note to the end of Judaical Symbolism. In the Passover Seder, at the end of a meal, a third glass of wine is served to those at the table, and a “birkat ha-mazon” is recited, or, in english a “Grace over the meal”.
"In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood, which is poured out for you.”
Luke 22:7-20
Its amazing what happens when you view Jesus in light of his jewishness.
(I say this less to prove a point as much as to share something that I found I think is pretty cool)
I’ve also, in reading through all kinds of things (church documents, summaries of romanism, commentaries by Calvin and Knox, etc. etc. etc.) I’ve begun to see the office of apostleship more and more as a teaching position, more than a divine preisthood. For instance, in the Judas proof that was submitted on this thread, we find
"Then they prayed, “Lord, you know everyone’s heart. Show us which of these two you have chosen to take over this apostolic ministry, which Judas left to go where he belongs.”
Acts 1:24-25
So here, we find a special ministry of the Apostles…but what is this ministry? Well, we find that explained a few lines earlier:
“Therefore it is necessary to choose one of the men who have been with us the whole time the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from John’s baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up from us. For one of these must become a witness with us of his resurrection.” Acts 1:21-22
So, then when the apostles died, who was there to witness to his resurrection, for after all, If Jesus did not return from the dead, what hope do we have that we will?
Roman Catholics would say, the succession of the Apostles, or, the bishops we have now…
There is a bit of a problem here, in the verse above, the requirement is that they were “with us the whole time the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from John’s baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up from us.” No modern bishop could ever fit this requirement, so what were we to do?
Answer: Go to the Gospels. Most church histories say that the Gospels of Matthew and John were written near the ends of their lives, and Mark and Luke probably as most of the key players were getting far along in years (All are dates between 60-90 AD, or 30 to 60 years after the Crucifixion). The writings of the NT were given to us in lieu of living, breathing Apostles to testify to the reality of Christ’s ressurection. The NT now carries on that aspect of apostleship
Because of this, I’m obliged to believe they had abilities that no one after them will have.
Also, as for the Keys to Heaven viz. Matthew 16:19 should also be attributed to the Teaching aspect of the apostolate, i.e. he has the teachings that will unlock the gates of Heaven, not that he determines who is saved, and who isn’t.
If this is the case, then the Teachings of the Apostles would be quite important, even those outside of the Scriptures proper. Once again however, key doctrines such as Purgatory, Veneration of Saints, Salvation by faith AND works, certain aspects Transubstantiation, primacy of the Romish bishop, etc. etc. are seemingly absent as far as I can find among the earliest church fathers. For instance, we find no mention of Purgatory until St. Gregory who supposedly saw Purgatory in a dream. (If the canon is closed, and we aren’t to trust spirits who give us additional information, this can’t be a vision of God)
Granted, the combined writings of the ECF’s constitutes a huge volume of work, that I as one mere amateur theologian can by no means read in its entirety, so I could be wrong.
Now, as that sounds like me taking a huge step towards junking Sola Scriptura, I do want to make clear. If the Apostles wrote the NT, and left something critical out, well, then they were quite derelict in their teaching duties, weren’t they?
Also, there is a potential for them (The ECF’s) to be wrong. For instance, the official RCC interpretation of Revelation is that all the blessings given to the Jews were transferred to the church, and that the Millennial Reign of Christ began at the Cross, and is purely symbolic. It adopted this interpretation, because after the destruction of the Temple in 70 A.D. and continued Roman domination, it was unthinkable that the Jewish Nation would ever again be a worldy nation, hence, a Symbolic interpretation of Revelation and Daniel known as Symbolic Amillenialism was adopted.
After the founding of the Jewish State in 1948, and their incredible victories over their reigonal rivals in the Six Days War, the Yom Kippur War, and other conflicts reminiscent of OT battles, a more literal interpretation of those texts is fast becoming far more plausible.
Human History is also a very relevant context for scriptural interpretation.