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Greg27
Guest
Personally I find formulation 3) absolutely repulsive. To suggest to be that Buddha, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle are at this moment, burning in hell (along with Plotinus, Shakespeare, Einstein, Kant, as well as all Protestants who ever lived and all Orthodox Christians living after the schism, all Jews and Muslims, etc) in eternal torment is absolutely disgusting, to my reason, my will, my conscience, and my sense of morality. If the CC formulated the dogma of salvation today in these terms, I would immediately leave the church.Not being a Catholic, maybe someone could help me. As I understand it, a protestant may enter heaven if s/he’s been baptized, etc. The extension is even to many others via baptism by desire. Please correct me if I’m off.
How does that complement the following ex cathedra?
“There is but one universal Church of the faithful, outside of which no one at all can be saved” (Pope Innocent III, Fourth Lateran Council, 1215.)
“We declare, say, define, and pronounce that it is absolutely necessary for the salvation of every human creature to be subject to the Roman Pontiff” (Pope Boniface VIII, the Bull Unam Sanctam, 1302.)
“[The Holy Roman Church] firmly believes, professes and teaches that none of those who are not within the Catholic Church, not only Pagans, but Jews, heretics and schismatics, can ever be partakers of eternal life, but are to go into the eternal fire ‘prepared for the devil, and his angels’ (Mt. xxv. 41), unless before the close of their lives they shall have entered into that Church; also that the unity of the Ecclesiastical body is such that the Church’s Sacraments avail only those abiding in that Church, and that fasts, almsdeeds, and other works of piety which play their part in the Christian combat are in her alone productive of eternal rewards; moreover, that no one, no matter what alms he may have given, not even if he were to shed his blood for Christ’s sake, can be saved unless he abide in the bosom and unity of the Catholic Church.” (Mansi, Concilia, xxxi, 1739.) (Pope Eugene IV, The Bull Cantate Domino, 1441).
Thanks,
A Pac
Formulation 1) in my understanding is the one adopted by Vatican II, and is understood that all salvation comes through Christ, including any salvation for pagans, those who lived before Christ, and unbaptised infants. I find the idea virtuous pagans, those who lived before Christ, and the unbaptised are automatically sent to hell as disgusting and repulsive, both from a philosophical and theological viewpoint, simply because they did not belong to the right ‘club.’ But a more positive understanding of salvation, in that salvation occurs through the church and sacraments but God is not bound to the sacraments alone, and his mercy and love and wisdom reaches people in other ways (as in my view looking at Greek philosophy and philosophers, especially in the form of their beautiful forms of wisdom and seeing beauty in things and the prescence of the divine) is much better and acceptable.
Formulation 2) in my view is to be understood the fullness of truth and salvation is found in the Catholic Church, led by the successor of Peter. It is not to be understood in the sense the Pope is himself God or Jesus incarnate, but rather he is the visible head of the Church who represents its unity to and in Christ.