It’s interesting that St Thomas Aquinas linked the Holy Spirit with grace, and theologians have linked grace with love, and the Holy Spirit is always linked or identified with the love of God. And that sin is mutually exclusive with love/grace.
Sanctifying grace is the indwelling Spirit of God -who is love- who removes our sins and instills justice in us, fulfilling the New Covenant promises in Jer 31 to write His laws in our minds and on our hearts and become man’s God again. It’s no coincidence that mans’ justice is said to consist in loving God with his whole heart, soul, mind and strength and his neighbor as himself. This, sanctifying grace, is the work of God-God’s life and love as a habitual presence in us.