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I cannot thank you enough for your ideas and help!!!
I hope to come back to those first questions. However, I have a pressing question. I have had it for some months.
Is the light of faith coming from God’s love?
Is light to be understood as coming from “God is a consuming fire”?
God is love.
In Zeph. 1: 18 "by the fire of His ‘qin’ah’ "
Is this zeal or jealousy?
Often I have been taught that light is for faith and understanding.
I now wonder if light is more for charity than for faith.
Again, I find it most difficult to phrase my questions, sorry!
It is late and I am tired, I will get with you tomorrow on this one.
 
[sign]The value of a time capsule is that it helps to gives a time line for alterations to the text.
The Harmonized Gospel that Victor attributes to Tatian:
1/ Omits the tale of the adulteress,(accepted into the canon post AD 200),
2/ Omits Matthew 16: 2-3, ‘Red sky at night’,(missing from ancient Eastern documents, and geographically, only accurately applicable in Northern UK),
3/ Reverses the verdict on the two sons in the vineyard, to accord with Stuttgart, and with Roman, and military law, thus mocking the pro-Roman quislings,
4/ Restores the missing 100 to the 60 furlongs, (stadia), between Jerusalem and Emmaus. 160 furlongs is 20 miles, a stiff, but not impossible evenings forced march, easily achieved in bright moonlight in the time between sunset and midnight, to a people well used to traveling on foot.
I never ceased to be amazed at tales of farm-workers and apprentices walking ten miles to work every morning, to arrive by seven in the morning, but that was the rule in the nineteenth century here in UK.[/sign]
Voco proTatiano
Most variants are 99.9% of the time supported by other manuscripts and not supported by others. Such as Matt. 16:1-2 is supported by Ephreami Rescriptus, Codex Bezae, Codex Cyprius, Codex Regis, Codex N, Codex W, etc etc, and it is not supported by Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, Codex X, etc etc. Plus there are some ancient versions such as the Peshitta and some Coptic that support it and then some the other way around too, and also some very ancient Fathers who support it and an Armenian version of Origen that does not support it. You run into these type of variants because no 2 ancient manuscripts are pefectly identical. But this is where we as Catholic’s are able to rely upon the the authority of the Catholic Church to reveal to us what is reliable and not reliable as Sacred Scripture, the same Church and the same authority that determined what writings were canonical and what was not.
I envy your certainty. I seem to have been set in the footsteps of Thomas, always seeking proof.

1/ It would seem that the pericope of the adulteress is late, ie post AD 200 in its present location, and CF is a good witness of that.
One of the writers on the subject which I have found posits, and papably, that the pericope is grossly out of context, and that by building a context around it, makes it into a more likely, and more deadly trap, but one that leaves Our Lord wounded, so the details have been air-brushed:
bsw.org/project/biblica/bibl80/Ani01.htm
jimmyakin.typepad.com/defensor_fidei/2006/08/the_woman_caugh.html

2/ Red sky at night . . .
There is convincing evidence that this proverb is strictly geographically applicable to Northern UK, and absolutely inapplicable to the Holy Lands. It requires a prevalent westerly climate, with a warm sea mass to the west. Though the Med is a warm sea mass, the prevalent climate in the Holy Land is Doldrum to Easterly, hence the dryness of the land.
The route for this interpolation is then via Codex Amiatinus, which sets a time window of AD 710 for its entry into the Latin canon. It might have found its way into the Greek canon by another route, but its source is the same: Durham.

3/ The TR verdict on the two sons in the vinyard makes no possible sense. If however we reverse the verdict, as found in Stuttgart, and CF, then it makes very good sense, for the one who refused, had committed a crime punishable by death in military law, that is, blatant disobedience of a lawful order. The other son, who accepted the order, then for some undetailed reason, failed to carry it out, committed only the minor offence of failing to comply.
Yes we all know that this is contrary to justice, but military law, and Roman law is baed upon authority, and authority cannot be seen to be flouted with impunity.
Thus the Pharisees were being rebuked as both Quislings and hypocrites.

4/ If you look on a map of the Holy Land, at the road from Jerusalem to Joppa, (Jaffa), about half way, you will find Emmaus, not far from Nicopolis. The distance of the former from Jerusalem is then about 20 miles. The direction to Jerusalem is just South of Due East, and after sunset, just a week after Passover, a gibbous moon would be rising ahead to mark the way. Full moon was the 15th of Nisan.
 
I am not trying to overload the system, but I want to run this by you.

I feel that this is Scripture explaining Scripture.

Light
Genesis 1: 3 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light (KJV).

St. John 1: 3 All things came to be through Him, and without Him nothing came to be. What came to be 4 through Him was life, and this life was the light of the human race; 5 the light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.

I John 1: 5 This then is the message which we have heard of him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all (KJV).

I John 1: 5 Now this is the message that we have heard from him and proclaim to you: God is light, and in him there is no darkness at all (NAB).

St. John 1: 9 The true light, which enlightens everyone, was coming into the world. 10 He was in the world, and the world came to be through him, but the world did not know him.

I Thessalonians 5: 4 But you, brothers, are not in darkness, for that day to overtake you like a thief. 5 For all of you are children of the light and children of the day. We are not of the night or of darkness.

Genesis 1: 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” Thus evening came, and morning followed—the first day.

Genesis 2: 4 These [are] the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens, 5 And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and [there was] not a man to till the ground (KJV).

Children of God:
I John 5: 2 By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God, and keep his commandments.

Children of the Light (God called the Light Day, Gen. 1: 5; We are God’s children, I John 5: 2).

II Peter 1: 4 Through these, he has bestowed on us the precious and very great promises, so that through them you may come to share in the divine nature, after escaping from the corruption that is in the world because of evil desire.
 
Light and darkness, goodness and evil.
I believe the ancients were well aware of the basic properties of light, and that their choice of light as a synonym of goodness illuminates their attitude to evil.
There is no such thing as darkness.
What is called darkness is just a lack of light.
You can have infinite brightness, but you cannot have any darker than lightless.
You can always bring another candle to shine, but once the last candle has been removed, it cannot get darker.
Likewise, there is no such a thing as evil. Raising such a concept is in fact dualism, as is Zoroastraism.
Evil is just a lack of goodness, as bestiality is just a lack of humanity.
There is no infinitely bestial beast in the same way that there is no infinte evil, or infinite darkness.
There is only a total lack of humanity, or a total lack of goodness, or a total lack of light.
These lacks are not entities, but lack of entities.
They are not things: they are not-things.
 
Light Separate/Divided from Darkness

Genesis 1: 4 And God saw the light, that [it was] good: and God divided the light from the darkness (KJV).

Ecclesiastes 2: 13 And I saw that wisdom has the advantage over folly as much as light has the advantage over darkness (KJV).

Psalm 97: 11 Light is sown for the righteous, and gladness for the upright in heart. (KJV).

Psalm 104: 2 Who coverest [thyself] with light as [with] a garment: who stretchest out the heavens like a curtain…(KJV). (Put on Christ)

Psalm 118: 27 God [is] the LORD, which hath shewed us light: bind the sacrifice with cords, [even] unto the horns of the altar (KJV).

St. John 1: 5 And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not (KJV).

St. John 1: 9 [That] was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world (KJV).

St. John 3: 19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. 20 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. 21 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God (KJV).

Ephesians 5: 8 But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God (JKV).

Ephesians 5: 14 Wherefore he saith, Awake thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give thee light (KJV).

II Corinthians 4: 6 For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to [give] the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ (KJV).

I John 1: 5 This then is the message which we have heard of Him, and declare unto you, that God is light, and in Him is no darkness at all.

I John 2: 7 Brethren, I write no new commandment unto you, but an old commandment which ye had from the beginning. The old commandment is the word which ye have heard from the beginning (Jesus Christ is the Beginning). 8 Again, a new commandment I write unto you, which thing is true in him and in you: because the darkness is past, and the true light now shineth (KJV).

I Thessalonians 5: 4 But ye, brethren, are not in darkness, that that day should overtake you as a thief (KJV).

I Thessalonians 5: 4 But you, brothers, are not in darkness, for that day to overtake you like a thief. 5 For all of you are children of the light and children of the day. We are not of the night or of darkness (NAB).
 
Light called Day

Genesis 1: 5 And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day (KJV).

Genesis 1: 5 God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” Thus evening came, and morning followed—the first day.

St. John 8: 12 Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.

St. John 9: 5 As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.

Psalm 19: 2 Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge (KJV).

Psalm 19: 3 One day to the next conveys that message; one night to the next imparts that knowledge (NAB).

I Corinthians 3: 12 Now if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble; 13 Every man’s work shall be made manifest: for the day shall declare it, because it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man’s work of what sort it is (KJV).

I Corinthians 3: 12 If anyone builds on this foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, or straw, 13 the work of each will come to light, for the Day will disclose it. It will be revealed with fire, and the fire (itself) will test the quality of each one’s work (KJV).

Ephesians 5: 11 And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather reprove [them]. 12 For it is a shame even to speak of those things which are done of them in secret. 13 But all things that are reproved are made manifest by the light: for whatsoever doth make manifest is light (KJV).

Ephesians 5: 11 Take no part in the fruitless works of darkness; rather expose them,
12 for it is shameful even to mention the things done by them in secret; 13 but everything exposed by the light becomes visible, 14 for everything that becomes visible is light. Therefore, it says: "Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ will give you light (KJV).”

I Thessalonians 5: 5 Ye are all the children of light, and the children of the day: we are not of the night, nor of darkness (KJV).

I Thessalonians 5: 5 For all of you are children of the light and children of the day. We are not of the night or of darkness (NAB).

I John 5: 2 By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God, and keep his commandments.

Genesis 2: 4 These [are] the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens, 5 And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and [there was] not a man to till the ground (KJV).
 
This might be an easy question: God called the light day.

Did the early Church teach seven lights/days?

Also, did the early Church see a connection between seven light and the seven sacraments?

THANKS!!!
 
This might be an easy question: God called the light day.

Did the early Church teach seven lights/days?

Also, did the early Church see a connection between seven light and the seven sacraments?

THANKS!!!
There is a clear connection between the seven lights and the days of the week, hence the Sabbath, but the Jews were too protestant to allow the names to be used, for some thought of the lights as gods in their own rights, not just the glow of G_d.

Sun: Sunday,
Moon: Monday,
Mars: Mardi, Tuesday,
Mercury: Mercredi, Wednesday,
Venus: Vendredi, Thursday,
Jupiter, Zeus, Jeudi, Friday,
Saturn, Saturday.
 
Ligth called day–

Revelation 1: 13 And in the midst of the seven candlesticks [one] like unto the Son of man, clothed with a garment down to the foot, and girt about the paps with a golden girdle.

Also, there were only six candlesticks in Exodus. Jesus now being the Lord’s Day.

Is there a connection?
 
Firmament/Firmament of His Power
Genesis 1: 6 And God said, Let there be a firmament (raqiya) in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. 7. And God made the firmament (raqiya), and divided the waters which [were] under the firmament from the waters which [were] above the firmament: and it was so (KJV).

Genesis 1: 6 Then God said, "Let there be a dome (raqiya)in the middle of the waters, to separate one body of water from the other." And so it happened: 7 God made the dome, and it separated the water above the dome (raqiya) from the water below it (NAB).

Ezekiel 1: 25 And there was a voice from the firmament (raqiya`) that [was] over their heads, when they stood, [and] had let down their wings (KJV).

Ezekiel 10: 1 I looked and saw in the firmament (raqiya`) above the cherubim what appeared to be sapphire stone; something like a throne could be seen upon it (KJV).

Daniel 12: And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament (raqiya`); and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever (KJV).

Daniel 12: 3 But the wise shall shine brightly like the splendor of the firmament (raqiya`), And those who lead the many to justice shall be like the stars forever (KJV).

Psalm 150: Praise ye the LORD. Praise God in his sanctuary: praise him in the firmament (raqiya`) of his power (KJV).
 
I could not find this yesterday, but this is helpful.

Any further help?
 
Sounds like a great start to me!!!

One of my many questions: Is the Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden God’s love?
Hello Jim,
I always understood the “Tree of Life” to be Jesus Christ.
Aand the tree of knowledge to be sin.
Grace Angel.
 
Grace Angel

I agree!

How did we get that conclusion from the Holy Bible?

Sorry, my mind is blank!
 
Voco proTatiano

Please do not laugh: Is vine the same as tree?

I guess it is.

However, some of the time I am to literal.

Then some of the time I am too figurative.

It is difficult to find the balance.

Thank you!
 
Grace Angel

I agree!

How did we get that conclusion from the Holy Bible?

Sorry, my mind is blank!
Hello Jim,
In my study and meditation of the first three chapters of Genesis, I have learned, believe, undstood that after creation there is the testing and in the testing the human persons were given “free will” unencumbered, unadulterated, free will and in that freedom the human individuals were tested. The test being following of God and His words or choosing totally freely to go another way. In that choice was to be the future, with the “future” standing there in great silence, waiting.
I have also imagined that there was an instant of awesome silence in Eden (as awesome silence of creating awaiting Mary’s fiat) whilst the human beings were tested. There was hope that the testing would be fruitful. However, because of the failure of the human beings new schemate had to be put into place.
Thats the Son Jesus stood awaiting the outcome should be of no surprise because He was always to be enfleshed, It was the natureof His coming to be enfleshed that would change.
Had sin not occurred Jesus still would have come into flesh to give birth to and then claim his Bride The Church, (my sister my bride) but he would have come in absolute bliss. Because of sin He was still enfleshed but His bride would be born from His suffering and dying.
That Jesus was standing visible at the dawn of humanity should not be surprising, the human person being designed “in our image and likeness”
God Bless
Grace Angel.
 
Grace Angel

Thank you for your help!

Alos, I waiting to see how Voco proTatiano answers the Seamus post about the vine and tree.

I cannot thank you enough for your help!!!
 
Grace Angel

Thank you for your help!

Alos, I waiting to see how Voco proTatiano answers the Seamus post about the vine and tree.

I cannot thank you enough for your help!!!
Jim if I have helped in any way it has been my pleasure and joy to do so. I humbly apologise for my spelling errors. When I re read the post I was ashamed of the mistakes. I hoped you understood what I meant.
Grace Angel.
 
Voco proTatiano

Please do not laugh: Is vine the same as tree?

I guess it is.

However, some of the time I am to literal.

Then some of the time I am too figurative.

It is difficult to find the balance.

Thank you!
Hi Seamus,
A vine is hardly a tree as an oak or a cedar of Lebanon, but it is more wooden than is a bramble, and more so than a rose.
A bramble, you might call a shrub, and a rose, you might call a bush, though the latter can be trained into a small tree.
A vine is generally dependent on its neighbours for support, but naturally grows more strongly than a rose, more nearly as a hawthorn, which, though a bush, will grow into a tree.
Very much, though, like a rose, the last year’s growth is wooden, while the new growth stays green, like a shrub, right through to the fruiting.
So, a vine is a tree of sorts.
But a tree which relies on its branches for support, and whose branches rely on their neighbours for support.
One might consider these relationships when meditating upon why Our Lord chose this example of his relationship with his apostles.
 
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