Science & Religion

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Maybe why we are passing each other like two ships in the night is that we have different definitions for a human being. We also have a different concept of the role of the Catholic Church – at least it seems that way to me.
Yes, me too. Sorry about my attitude in the last few posts. I guess I was a bit snarky (masculine for “cranky”).
 
To put it simply. In scientific research, the evidence must fit the conclusion and the conclusion must fit the evidence.

Contrary to popular opinion, contemporary science has tackled philosophical concepts such as Cartesian dualism. This can be seen in some of the research on the human brain. This research can serve as an example of the importance of evidence fitting the conclusion and the conclusion fitting the evidence. In addition, this kind of research on the human person also calls for an interpretation of the conclusion. The basic interpretation pertains to the particular conclusion flowing from the particular evidence.

At this point, it is necessary to recognize the difference between a particular interpretation and an universal interpretation.

For example. Some of the research on the human brain includes stimulating certain areas of the brain with a bipolar electrode. (“Movement Intention After Parietal Cortex Stimulation in Humans”, Michel Desmurget et al, Science May 8, 2009) The particular interpretation was that activity in the brain is related to the movement of the extremities. This interpretation was supported by the methods and materials used in the research.

Some interpreters extrapolated the paper’s anatomical conclusions to an universal interpretation that the research conclusions ruled out absolutely all possibility of “free will” in all human beings. To back up to the paper’s first two sentences: “A central question in the study of human behavior concerns the origin of willed actions. Where in the brain are intentions formed?” The evidence presented was seven individuals with brain tumors located anteriorly or posteriorly to the central sulcus, who were undergoing awake brain surgery. What the researchers were observing is the functional technique of brain mapping which is used to guide critical surgery.

Can the experience of seven individuals, in critical condition, represent all people, especially those who do not need a bipolar electrode to stimulate their brain in order for them to get off the couch and walk to the refrigerator? Furthermore, what are the conditions for free will to be exercised? Therefore, the limited evidence in this study cannot lead to an universal conclusion covering all people in all situations. Note: the “medical” results of the research paper benefited society.
Continued from post 1329.

Previous posts, 1296,1317, 1318, and 1329 have covered some of the basic principles of empirical science.

What has not been detailed are the methods used in research. Obviously, evolution methods are used to support evolution theory of human nature. This discussion properly belongs in the Back Fence Forum. This is where I am discussing evolution per se.
forums.catholic-questions.org/showthread.php?t=605810

I am not a creationist scientist. However, I was directed to a Christian website (age of the earth discussion) which had a good description of one of the basic methods also used in examining anatomy origins. There is no need for me to reinvent the wheel so I posted the relevant paragraphs. forums.catholic-questions.org/showpost.php?p=8550750&postcount=64
Eventually, I will add information as to how the described method is actually used in human origin research.

What post 1329 did was to look at the evidence presented and determine that it was not sufficient to absolutely rule out free will.

When it comes to determining the origin of our own nature, it is critical that we re-examine the evidence that attempts to rule out the assurance that each of us is really human. Maybe some of us are extremely smart and lovable
subhumans.:eek:

Does the evidence in contemporary research lead to the conclusion that some of us are not really human because maybe we are descended from subhuman ancestors? The population theory of human origin (polygenietic or polygenism)
covers many centuries and many kinds of hominids who intermingled with each other at different times, migrating in and out of various populations.

How do we know for sure which offspring survived as beings the same as ourselves?
Did the migration of many ancient beings change all or some of the basic material anatomies? What is the evidence?

The evidence consists of simulated populations manually designed to describe the genealogy of particular genes out of 20,000 to 25,000 genes in humans. As far as I can tell, this method does a good job, provided that the assumptions used to design the population are in the valid range. The difficulty is that the “valid range” does not include all possibilities which can affect various populations over long periods
of time, such as thousands and thousands of years.

In other words, the particular evidence in contemporary research can provide particular conclusions. But this evidence is not sufficient to absolutely rule out all possibilities for human origin. At best, the evidence can strongly suggest or indicate the exclusion of sole founders of humanity, but it cannot say absolutely that Adam and Eve did not exist somewhere at sometime during the thousands of years of pre-history.

Therefore, there is the real possibility that two, real, sole parents founded all of humanity.

While some may disagree about the use of a possibility, and that is their right, the fact remains that the possibility (resulting in the unity of our own humanity) is sufficient for belief in Adam and Eve when it comes to Divine Revelation as protected by the Catholic Church.
 
It is my observation that in the 21st century, there is no longer a “The Evolutionary Theory”.

There are now a variety of applications of the “evolution model.” Because of this, one has to read the complete context when it comes to quotes about this or that Pope supporting evolution. These prime time sound bites do not indicate what a Pope is really talking about.
If you mean “agreement on the basic principles but disagreement on the way they came about,” I agree. But too many people in the creationist camp try to discredit the whole idea of any form of evolution by saying evolutionists can’t agree on gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium, which is like claiming that Catholicism is false because Catholics can’t agree on Augustine vs. Aquinas.
 
I believe that science needs to reexamine its processes, methods and assumptions as far as pronouncing age. How old do I think it is?

Older than 12000 years. How much older I do not know.
I’ve no specialist expertise in the area but the various measurements on different scales: universe, galactic, solar, etc. all hang together well. Exact numbers aren’t important to me but I can’t see any reason to question the rough magnitudes, i.e. billions of years for the Earth rather than thousands or trillions.
 
In my view, the set of evolutionary models used to establish a minimum number of ancestral breeding pairs are not incompatible with a theological notion that humanity is descended from a single pair of human beings. It can be envisioned that God had interacted with a single upraised human couple, whom are representative of humanity, bestowing upon them special spiritual or divine gifts. These spiritual gifts came with the capacity to discern and experience evil — one associated with unfortunate consequences. The resulting effects of their flawed relationship from their moral choice would spread to and through their offspring as their subset of the existing population came to dominate.
 
Do you believe they are in the same category?
So the suffering of animals didn’t matter before humanity existed?
  1. You are assuming that human beings are the only
rational beings.
2. If good and evil are **only **human concepts they need not correspond to reality.
3. If good and evil do not correspond to reality they are simply terms that can be ignored.
Speed limits are also only human concepts, are you saying they’re not real?

They correspond to nothing in the material world.
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It is not necessary because cultures which did not grasp the distinction between good and evil were subhuman!
Little children don’t grasp the distinction either, are they also subhuman?

They are human offspring.
In your scheme of things you seem to be left with precious little.
I wasn’t suggest any particular scheme of things, just asking to see the reasoning behind your claim.

Thereby conveniently remaining uncommitted and invulnerable but negative and unconvincing. Nothing shall come of nothing…
 
Question - how can you get to first base with your modernistic writings and lectures when you cannot even do it here on CAF? 🤷
Oh, I’ve gotten home here on CAF! And my modernism does splendidly in the university. I’m even considered a bit conservative, believe it or not!
 
That doesn’t conflict with the belief that there was only one human couple at the outset. It is more reasonable than the hypothesis that thousands of our primitive ancestors simultaneously grasped the distinction between good and evil!
People today have a moral background.
…and because they consciously chose actions such as altruism and cooperation which enhanced the survival of the group…
,
Not because they believed it was right or wrong - unless you reduce morality to expediency.
… their communities survived while groups which still fought among themselves for the alpha female did not.
Highly moral!
No evolutionist says that thousands of ape-like creatures suddenly woke up one morning and realized that there was good and evil.
Evolutionists in your sense of the term don’t believe in good and evil at all!
 
Evolutionists in your sense of the term don’t believe in good and evil at all!
Don’t tar us all with the same brush. There are hundreds of millions of Catholics and other Christians who are theistic evolutionists – that is, we accept both God and evolution – who are profoundly aware of the existence of good and evil.

StAnastasia
 
So the suffering of animals didn’t matter before humanity existed?
We were talking about good and evil, not suffering. If you are claiming that suffering is evil, does that mean you want to make all predator species extinct since they must be evil by causing suffering of animals? Are pet cats evil monsters since they kill mice and birds? How about deer hunters? Fishermen?
They correspond to nothing in the material world.
What doesn’t? :confused:
They are human offspring.
By your definition little children must be subhuman because they don’t grasp the distinction between good and evil any better than those others you label as subhuman. Incidentally, where does either Christ or the UDHR give you permission to label who is and isn’t “subhuman”?
Thereby conveniently remaining uncommitted and invulnerable but negative and unconvincing. Nothing shall come of nothing…
You made the claim and all I asked for is some reasoning from you. You want me to make a counter claim that lets you off the hook so you never need to give your reasoning. I’m not falling for that one again - provide a reasoned argument as to why you think good and evil exist independently of humans and I’ll gladly tell you what I think, but not before. 🙂
 
Science while different in definition to Religion does become one with Religion when you think of the complex make up of many of God’s creations. The DNA, the theory of Gravity, the theory of parallel universes, the world being round and not square, all belong to both religion and science. Heres why, Science attempts to explain things that before were unexplained. They attempt to prove and disprove all that we find in our enviroment. Some times during an scientific discovery we attribute that discovery with the power of man’s brain and not with the Divine power of God. For example, the only reason we have the theory of Gravity, is because (according to Newtons own journal) Newton himself witnessed an apple fall from the branch of a tree. This tiny event triggered a scientific epiphany which in turn led to the theory of Gravity which can not be felt, heard, smelled, tasted, or seen. We simply percieve the effects of gravity on outwards objects. For example the apple that fell, Newton could not physically see gravity, the force bringing the apple to the ground, but he knew some thing was behind the physical act of the apple falling. So if we can believe in gravity and say it is a scientific fact then why can we not believe in God and say its proven he exists? We may not be able to physically see God operating but his Divine nature is certainly acting on the enviroment around us. I think the apple falling before Newton was God’s way of sparking that scientific though process thus leading to the discovery of Gravity. Science’s big problem is that since they can’t see, touch, hear, taste, or experiment with Faith, it must not exist. There has to be a logical explanation that acts and exists with in the scientific world we have created. This ignorance of faith and belief is what leads Science astray from Religion. The two are joined however by the simple fact that all things discovered in the name of Science are belonging to God. Were just getting a better understanding of God and his Divine nature. When scientists discovered DNA that to me only proved the existence of God. After all, how can some thing so complex and so essential simply have been an accident or the result of microbe bacteria evolving over millions of years to create life? Such discoveries in Science point towards God which is Religion. Religion to me is the explanation of the discoveries with Science. All things Science discovers only further leads to draw one to the conclusion that God must exist. All things that have a beginning must have gotten an intelligent start some where.

This is just my belief however and I understand we all have different views on Science and Religion and I respect that. I just thought I would share my opinion.

God Bless
 
Human parents have not always existed - if evolution is true…
Of course! My grandparents in the 10th generation had parents. Their ancestors 10,000 years ago had parents, as did their ancestors 100,000 years ago. For as long as our ancestors have been mammals, parents have nurtured their young, and taught them what was necessary for survival (with emerging hominid rationality morality was part of this). Before the divergence of mammals from reptiles, there may not have been nurturing as we mammals recognize it. Before the divergence of tetrapods from fish, it’s even less likely.
 
So the suffering of animals didn’t matter before humanity existed?
Suffering is a **physical **evil.
If you are claiming that suffering is evil, does that mean you want to make all predator species extinct since they must be evil by causing suffering of animals?
Predators are not** morally **evil.
Are pet cats evil monsters since they kill mice and birds?
Predators are not morally evil.
How about deer hunters? Fishermen?
They are not morally evil if they do not kill unnecessarily.
They correspond to nothing in the material world.
What doesn’t?

Speed limits
They are human offspring.
By your definition little children must be subhuman because they don’t grasp the distinction between good and evil any better than those others you label as subhuman

.
They are not **morally **responsible.
Incidentally, where does either Christ or the UDHR give you permission to label who is and isn’t “subhuman”?
Don’t you use that distinction?
Thereby conveniently remaining uncommitted and invulnerable but negative and unconvincing. Nothing shall come of nothing…
You made the claim and all I asked for is some reasoning from you. You want me to make a counter claim that lets you off the hook so you never need to give your reasoning. I’m not falling for that one again - provide a reasoned argument as to why you think good and evil exist independently of humans and I’ll gladly tell you what I think, but not before.

I am merely stating a fact and giving you reasons in stark contrast to your lack of commitment and conviction:
  1. I believe the suffering of animals is evil regardless of whether human beings exist.
  2. Do you believe the value of animal life depends on human beings?
 
I believe that science needs to reexamine its processes, methods and assumptions as far as pronouncing age. How old do I think it is?

Older than 12000 years. How much older I do not know.
I understand that you dedicate your life to IDvolution. I predict that you will never ever witness that science will change it’s mind and realize you are right. Mark my words. You’re fighting a losing battle.
 
I understand that you dedicate your life to IDvolution. I predict that you will never ever witness that science will change it’s mind and realize you are right. Mark my words. You’re fighting a losing battle.
IDvolution is about origins, not the age of the universe. I see the science trending toward acknowledging design and the failures of evolution, so maybe I won’t witness it but I think it will happen. Usually in science the paradigms change with the young. Some of the old guard will have to die off.

If in the end IDvolution turns out wrong then I will humbly accept it, but I am not deterred in its pursuit and study. My satisfaction comes as the result of the challenge it presents to modern thinkers and so far the answers to this challenge have been less than satisfactory. I am encouraged.

In any case the debate is enlightening.
 
I see the science trending toward acknowledging design and the failures of evolution,
That’s where you’re wrong. Science is not doubting evolution and trending toward design. Evolution is considered as an undeniable fact by the majority of all serious scientists and I also predict that science will never change it’s mind. No matter how much you want to deny evolution, it won’t change the truth.
 
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