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Part 1 of 2
Science Stunned By Virgin of Guadalupe’s Eyes
Engineer Sees A Reflection, Literally, From A Scene in 1521.
Rome, Jan 14, 2001 (Zenit.org)
Digital technology is giving new leads in understanding a phenomenon that continues to puzzle science: the mysterious eyes of the image of the Virgin of Guadalupe.
The image, imprinted on the tilma of a 16th –century peasant, led millions of indigenous Indians in Mexico to convert to the Catholic faith. Last week in Rome, results of research into the famed image were discussed by engineer José Aste Tonsmann of the Mexican Center of Guadalupan Studies during a conference at the Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum.
For over 20 years, this graduate of environmental systems engineering of Cornell University has studied the image of the Virgin left on the rough maguey fiber fabric of Juan Diego’s tilma. What intrigued Tonsmann the most were the eyes of the Virgin.
Though the dimensions are microscopic, the iris and the pupils of the image’s eyes have imprinted on them a highly detailed picture of at least 13 people, Tonsmann said. The same people are present in both the left and right eyes, in different proportions, as would happen when human eyes reflect the objects before them.
Tonsmann says he believes the reflection transmitted by the eyes of the Virgin of Guadalupe is the scene on Dec. 9, 1531, during which Jun Diego showed his tilma, with the image, to Bishop Juan de Zumárraga and others present in the room.
In his research, Tonsmann used a digital process used by satellites and space probes in transmitting visual information.
He insists that the image “has not been painted by human hand.” As early as the 18th century, scientists showed that it was impossible to paint such an image in a fabric of that texture. The “ayate" fibers used by the Indians, in fact, deteriorated after 20 years. Yet, the image and the fabric it is imprinted on have lasted almost 470 years.
Tonsmann pointed out that Richard Kuhn, a Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, has found that the image did not have natural, animal or mineral colorings. Given that there were no synthetic colorings in 1531, the image is inexplicable.
In 1979, Americans Philip Callahan and Jody B. Smith studied the image with infrared rays and discovered to their surprise that there was no trace of paint and that the fabric had not been treated with any kind of technique.
“[How] is it possible to explain this image and its consistency in time without colors, on a fabric that has not been treated?” Tonsmann asked. “[How] is it possible that, despite the fact that there is no paint, the colors maintain their luminosity and brilliance?”
Tonsmann, a Peruvian engineer, added, “Callahan and Smith showed how the image changed in color slightly according to the angle of viewing, a phenomenon that is known by the word iridescense, a technique that cannot be reproduced with human hands.”
Tonsmann, a Peruvian engineer, added, “Callahan and Smith showed how the images changes in color slightly according to the angle of vewing, a phenomenon that is known b the word iridescence, a technique that cannot be reproduced with human hands.”
(Continued)
Science Stunned By Virgin of Guadalupe’s Eyes
Engineer Sees A Reflection, Literally, From A Scene in 1521.
Rome, Jan 14, 2001 (Zenit.org)
Digital technology is giving new leads in understanding a phenomenon that continues to puzzle science: the mysterious eyes of the image of the Virgin of Guadalupe.
The image, imprinted on the tilma of a 16th –century peasant, led millions of indigenous Indians in Mexico to convert to the Catholic faith. Last week in Rome, results of research into the famed image were discussed by engineer José Aste Tonsmann of the Mexican Center of Guadalupan Studies during a conference at the Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum.
For over 20 years, this graduate of environmental systems engineering of Cornell University has studied the image of the Virgin left on the rough maguey fiber fabric of Juan Diego’s tilma. What intrigued Tonsmann the most were the eyes of the Virgin.
Though the dimensions are microscopic, the iris and the pupils of the image’s eyes have imprinted on them a highly detailed picture of at least 13 people, Tonsmann said. The same people are present in both the left and right eyes, in different proportions, as would happen when human eyes reflect the objects before them.
Tonsmann says he believes the reflection transmitted by the eyes of the Virgin of Guadalupe is the scene on Dec. 9, 1531, during which Jun Diego showed his tilma, with the image, to Bishop Juan de Zumárraga and others present in the room.
In his research, Tonsmann used a digital process used by satellites and space probes in transmitting visual information.
He insists that the image “has not been painted by human hand.” As early as the 18th century, scientists showed that it was impossible to paint such an image in a fabric of that texture. The “ayate" fibers used by the Indians, in fact, deteriorated after 20 years. Yet, the image and the fabric it is imprinted on have lasted almost 470 years.
Tonsmann pointed out that Richard Kuhn, a Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, has found that the image did not have natural, animal or mineral colorings. Given that there were no synthetic colorings in 1531, the image is inexplicable.
In 1979, Americans Philip Callahan and Jody B. Smith studied the image with infrared rays and discovered to their surprise that there was no trace of paint and that the fabric had not been treated with any kind of technique.
“[How] is it possible to explain this image and its consistency in time without colors, on a fabric that has not been treated?” Tonsmann asked. “[How] is it possible that, despite the fact that there is no paint, the colors maintain their luminosity and brilliance?”
Tonsmann, a Peruvian engineer, added, “Callahan and Smith showed how the image changed in color slightly according to the angle of viewing, a phenomenon that is known by the word iridescense, a technique that cannot be reproduced with human hands.”
Tonsmann, a Peruvian engineer, added, “Callahan and Smith showed how the images changes in color slightly according to the angle of vewing, a phenomenon that is known b the word iridescence, a technique that cannot be reproduced with human hands.”
(Continued)