No Electronic Theft Act
The No Electronic Theft Act of 1997 amends the U.S. Copyright Act to define “financial gain” to include the receipt of anything of value, including the receipt of other copyrighted works.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 states that without permission from a song’s owner, it is illegal to make copyrighted music available online for unlimited distribution. This law also puts specific limitations on the length of public broadcasts, the types of song and artist announcements and the frequency and sequence of songs played.
Digital Performance Rights in Sound Recording Act
The Digital Performance Rights in Sound Recording Act of 1995 provides copyright owners of sound recordings the exclusive right (with some limitations) to perform the recording publicly by means of a digital audio transmission. This is a departure from previous copyright laws, in which the owner of the musical work had exclusive public performance rights. This act also extends the provision for compulsory mechanical licenses to include downloadable music.
Doctrine of Fair Use
The Doctrine of Fair Use, embodied in section 107 of the Copyright Act, allows copies to be made without permission of the copyright holder under limited circumstances. Reproduction of copies for purposes such as criticism, news reporting, teaching and research is generally not considered infringement. Factors that must be considered in determining if a situation qualifies as fair use include the nature of the copyrighted work, the purpose and character of the use, the portion used in relation to the work as a whole, and the effect of the use on the market potential of the work.
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