I’ve gathered old vestments, chalices, candle sticks etc for three decades to send to missions in poor areas. Of the chalices and ciboria that have passed through my hands to the missions a majority have been pre-Vatican II and not one has been solid gold. Almost all had a brass base, and a cup (which attached to the stem and base, usually by a bolt soldered onto the base of the cup. The cups were for the most part silver, and plated gold. (Many the entire chalice was gold plate, over a brass base and silver cup.
To make any items that have to be used in the manner of a chalice, would be not only very costly, but Gold is a fairly soft metal. Anyone with a gold wedding ring knows that when you first get it, the ring is shiny and many times has a mirror finish. Over the years, the higher the gold content, the easier it gets banged up. Chalices of solid gold would eaily get bent out of shape, and would have to be repaired frequently.
Silver chalices from what I’ve seen became popular with the Gothic Revival, the strongest influence being the silversmiths in England during the period of the Gothic Revival. Many chalices that have passed through my hands from Anglicans are not gold plated inside, from Catholics they are usually gold plated, at least inside the cup. I was given a chalice from an Anglican parish that has close sympathies with the Catholic Church, it had been gold plated, but the gold was stripped off by the women who did the cleaning and wanted to “restore” the chalice to it’s “original” state. As they had grown up with English Silver, and never seen a gold plated chalice, they used a brillo pad and stripped off the offending gold until they got down to the silver under the plate.