Sin boldly?

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He [Heinrich Denifle] used a series of portraits in his first edition to show how the thin, ascetic scholar and monk [Luther] became obese and unattractive; the last of his portraits, he noted, was surprisingly bestial’, though the fact that it was made of the reformer after his death, and possibly after decomposition had set in, should have minimized his astonishment.” V.H.H. Green, Luther and the Reformation (New York: G.P.Putnum’s Sons, 1964) 193-195.
So what do you make of this?

Martin Luther, from the John G. Johnson Art Collection, Philadelphia.

I have a deep bias against those who distort the truth.
And did the reformers never distort the truth?
I could say the same about Dave Hunt’s critique of Roman Catholicism, “A Woman Rides The Beast”: Even if he erred here and there, and even if some of his conclusions and interpretations have been rejected by some, the fact still remains that his work on Catholicism does contain a great deal of valuable information. But out of respect for Catholicism, I publically repudiate Mr. Hunt’s work as biased and flawed. It would insult Roman Catholics if I quoted it.
I don’t see how one can even begin to compare Denifle with the likes of Dave Hunt (or Jack Chick)!!
Make up your mind, earlier you said: * “I haven’t had a chance to really look through more recent editions for the context of the quote because, well because, I only have so much time! I will however, next time I get a chance, do a bit of checking around.”* So either you did or you didn’t when you started posting Luther snippets mined from Denifle.
Here’s what I posted. As you can see, it had nothing to do with Denifle.
“I am compelled to confess it; my doctrine has produced many scandals.”
In, Charles of Europe, Dominic Bevan Wyndham Lewis, New York, Coward-McCann, 1931, p. 213.
The reference at the bottom of p. 213 gives as the source of this quote the Wittenberg edition of Luther’s Latin Works (Opera Lutheri., edit. Wittenberg), II, 281.
Omnium Operum Reverendi Domini Martini Lutheri
worldcat.org/search?q=ti%…1&qt=next_page
As I’m sure you are aware, the Wittenberg edition is the earliest edition of Luther’s Works, and is therefore quite rare. I haven’t had a chance to really look through more recent editions for the context of the quote because, well because, I only have so much time! I will however, next time I get a chance, do a bit of checking around.
Your quoting someone else quote Luther, while I went and read and quoted LW 39.Amazing. When I say context, I mean what Luther said in the treatise he wrote it in, along with all the other things he said in that same treatise. You apparently mean, * let’s look at Denifle.* Amazing, simply amazing.
The only ‘context’ I was referring to was that which was contained in my post, namely:
‘The body demands a woman and has need of the same.’ p. 9
‘Chastity is not in our power. All are created for marriage. God does not permit that one be alone.’ p. 9.
“It was this teaching that good works, even at their best, are sins, and even that a just man sins in all good works.” p. 24.
"Though Luther praises virginity as a ‘rare and noble gift,’ yet, as we have earlier heard him say, nobody posses it.
“Then does the flowing ensue and the secret sin, which St. Paul, 1 Cor. 6:9, (Gal. V, 19) calls uncleanness and luxury. And, to speak out grossly, for the sake of miserable necessity, if the flowing is not into the flesh, it will be into one’s shirt (“Fließet es nicht in das Fleisch, so fließet es ins Hemd.”)” p. 123.
We can discuss Luther’s views of chastity another time. Luther held that genuine purity was a supernatural gift given to only a few.
Then what did he mean when he said, “Chastity is not in our power. All are created for marriage. God does not permit that one be alone?”
“Chasteness” during the Reformation period often was little more a monk with abstinence from marriage, while gross immorality went on anyway.
As if there was no "gross immorality " among the reformers!!! But Denifle was at great pains to point out the hypocrisy, which might explain a few things… 😉

Perhaps a thread focusing strictly on the moral character of the reformers? :eek:😉
I don’t appreciate being psychoanalyzed on a discussion board. I can spot this method of argumentation quite easily: argument weak, move on to attacking the person making the argument.
I’m not psychoanalyzing you; but you do seem threatened by Denifle. Yet if he’s so discredited, as you maintain, surely he would be easy enough to refute.
The real problem is serious Catholic scholarship has long abandoned your approach to Luther, yet you champion it. Yes, our culture loves the Jerry Springer approach: say shocking things about a person, vilify them, and keep everyone ignorant of the real facts.
Now who’s doing the attacking? I’m not tying to shock or vilify anyone or keep them ignorant of “the real facts.”
Fortunately, Catholic scholarship has moved beyond this approach, I suggest you do as well. If you need a list of respectable Catholic scholarship on Luther, I’d be happy to provide it for you.
Denifle is hardly my only source, but he is a source. Still, I’m happy enough to forget him for the moment.

Now earlier you mentioned Joseph Lortz. I have some comments of his regarding Luther which I’ll post next time (though you probably won’t approve of what he says either).
 
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raumzeitmc2:
And did the reformers never distort the truth?
According to your logic, if the Reformers distorted the truth, then Catholics are allowed to distort the truth. No, Denifle maligned Luther, and honest Catholic scholars know it. Why you would insist on citing him when his work is not taken seriously does more harm than good to those unfamiliar to either Luther, or the history of Catholic evaluations of the Reformation.
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raumzeitmc2:
So what do you make of this? Martin Luther, from the John G. Johnson Art Collection, Philadelphia.
I make of it exactly what V.H.H Green said, and what you left out of the citation I utilized: “(Denifle) laid great stress on Luther’s use of the word ‘concupiscentia’, mistakeningly interpreting it as sexual lust. He quoted a phrase which Luther used in a letter to his wife, 'I gorge myself like a Bohemian and I get drunk like a German.” Denifle, like you apparently, attack Luther the person- Denifle, by his use of pictures, attempted to prove Luther’s massive sin caused him to be a glutton. But again, Catholic scholarship has abandoned this view.
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raumzeitmc2:
I don’t see how one can even begin to compare Denifle with the likes of Dave Hunt (or Jack Chick)!!
It’s undisputed that Denifle’s work on Luther is not taken seriously by Catholic and Protestant scholars. For anyone to quote his work would be to insult Catholic scholarship.
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raumzeitmc2:
Here’s what I posted. As you can see, it had nothing to do with Denifle.
My apologies. Still though, you’ve shown no evidence you ever read LW 39, but rather simply posted material from Denifle.

As to your quote, “I am compelled to confess it; my doctrine has produced many scandals”- as I’ve stated to more than a few Roman Catholics, if you present a Luther quote, it’s your responsibility to get the context and translate it, not mine. That is, if you quote it, you should be able to defend it. As far as I can tell it’s not in the current English edition of Luther’s Works- I have a few other sentences that are part of this quote, but not nearly enough to determine the context. Here is yet another instance of you quoting something you’ve never read the context of. If I were to do this with a Papal document, I can only imagine how quickly a Catholic apologist would jump all over me- yet, with Luther, context never seems to matter!

As a brief answer to your tangential quote, Luther’s doctrines did cause quite a bit of controversy. Scandal? I guess that word could be used in a sense. Great men often do that- consider Athanasius contra mundum.
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raumzeitmc2:
The only ‘context’ I was referring to was that which was contained in my post, namely:
Yes, your snippets from Denifle rather than LW 39, or other relevant primary sources- that’s not the way I do research.
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raumzeitmc2:
Then what did he mean when he said, “Chastity is not in our power. All are created for marriage. God does not permit that one be alone?”
I would wonder why you don’t answer your own question and consult the context. The English translation of DeWette II 637 (cited by Denifle, p. 9) is located here.

Wolfgang Reissenbusch had written Luther about his very strong desire to marry, or whether he should keep his vow of celibacy. According to Luther, Reissenbusch felt “forced and compelled to (marry) by God Himself who gave (him) a nature requiring it.” Luther responds, "I do not think you should be hindered by the rule of the Order, or by a vow, for you should be fully convinced that no vow can bind you or be valid except under two conditions. First, the vow must be possible of performance. For who will vow an impossible thing? Or who would demand it? Thus the Scripture limits all vows so as to be within our power, such as to give God cattle, sheep, houses, land and so forth. Now chastity is not in our power, as little as are God’s other wonders and graces, but we are made for marriage as the Scripture says: “It is not good that man should be alone; I will make a help meet for him.”

-continued-
 
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raumzeitmc2:
Then what did he mean when he said, “Chastity is not in our power. All are created for marriage. God does not permit that one be alone?”
In LW 39:266, Luther explains that chastity is a supernatural gift given to only a few:

He (Peter) says further that through such great pretending they only entice the desires of the flesh into unchastity so that those who first escaped it must now live in error. I am afraid he uncovers here more than one misery hidden under the nice, glittering life. We see how big and widespread the spiritual estate is; all its members are totally bound to chastity. Yet Scripture and daily experience teach that chastity is a supernatural gift, very special and uncommon, and given only to a few great saints. But they come along and make it as common as daily bread; with their loud noise they entice many young people to join their estate. Afterward, however, they live in life-long impurity and some of them openly maintain common-law wives. Those who have no opportunity to get involved with women or men do worse, and at the very least live with evil lusts and indecent desires if they have no opportunity to express them. Among them there is either plain harlotry in the name of clerical and chaste life, or an impure, involuntary, miserable, lost chastity. So the misery is greater than anyone can believe or tell. St. Peter touches this point here when he says, “Through their great pretenses they entice the desires of the flesh into unchastity” [II Pet. 2:18], as if he wanted to say, “They give high praise to the spiritual estate in their preaching, and they elevate chastity, but in this way they only entice and draw the poor people more than ever into the middle of the unchastity in which they themselves live.”

There is no contradiction between the two contexts.
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raumzeitmc2:
Perhaps a thread focusing strictly on the moral character of the reformers?
That’s basically going on here, now. you’re relying on outdated Catholic scholarship, while I’m not. Your relying on a method of interpreting Luther based on vilifying his moral character as a means of discrediting the Reformation. This method is over in serious Catholic scholarship.
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raumzeitmc2:
I’m not psychoanalyzing you; but you do seem threatened by Denifle. Yet if he’s so discredited, as you maintain, surely he would be easy enough to refute.
I’m not threatened by Denifle, and so far, your materials have been quite easy to poke holes in. Contexts and truth have nothing to fear. Recall, I have Ratzinger on my side, along with many catholic scholars in our assessment of Denifle. I’ve spent this time with you because I was amazed that someone would actually cite Denifle as an authority on Luther. the last (and only) person I conversed with that took Denifle seriously was Catholic apologist Dr. Art Sippo, and he basically reverted to calling me names like “Nazi”.
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raumzeitmc2:
Now who’s doing the attacking? I’m not tying to shock or vilify anyone or keep them ignorant of “the real facts.”
It’s my opinion, which I think is borne out by this thread. I call it the Jerry Springer approach- point out allegedly shocking things about Luther, and hope to create enough smoke that everyone thinks there is a fire.
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raumzeitmc2:
Now earlier you mentioned Joseph Lortz. I have some comments of his regarding Luther which I’ll post next time (though you probably won’t approve of what he says either).
Quite the contrary. I’ve done extensive readings from Lortz, and I welcome you to read my overview here.

Regards,
James Swan
 
According to your logic, if the Reformers distorted the truth, then Catholics are allowed to distort the truth.
This is not my logic! No one is allowed to distort the truth, but the reformers most certainly did!
No, Denifle maligned Luther, and honest Catholic scholars know it. Why you would insist on citing him when his work is not taken seriously does more harm than good to those unfamiliar to either Luther, or the history of Catholic evaluations of the Reformation.
James, you are in such deep denial! But that’s nothing new as is seen from the following written in 1904:
What has just happened in Germany with regard to the famous work on Luther written by the learned Father Heinrich Denifle, O.P., against which arose the Protestants and the nationalists, is happening in Spain with the anti clericals, who do not wish to see the light which is shed by historical documents.
The history of Spain is not that which is written by the majority of Liberals and Protestants. The Spanish Inquisition and Philip II, viewed by the light which is shed by the archives, are entirely different from what many have imagined. “Wir kennen unsern Luther nicht,” 1 exclaimed, it is said, a man who was horrified by the writings of the Reformer. The Luther of the legends disappears before the Luther of history, and the Protestants cannot bear this.
The Messenger Magazine, vol. 5, 5th series, 1904, p. 132.
books.google.com/books?id=V7QOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA132&dq=%22history+of+Spain+is+not+that+which+is+written+by+the+majority+of+Liberals+and+Protestants%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES#PPA133,M1
  1. “We do not know our Luther.”
It’s undisputed that Denifle’s work on Luther is not taken seriously by Catholic and Protestant scholars. For anyone to quote his work would be to insult Catholic scholarship.
Your just trying to paint with a very broad brush, my friend. Here’s part of what the Catholic Encyclopedia says about Denifle:
The leading Protestants and rationalists in Germany, Seeberg, Harnack, and seven other professors, besides a host of newspaper writers attempted to defend Luther, but in vain. Denifle’s crushing answer to Harnack and Seeberg, “Luther in rationalistischer und christlicher Beleuchtung” appeared in March, 1904…
Denifle has been censured by some and praised by others for the tone of this work. Perhaps if it *were less indignant *the amazing erudition displayed would produce a greater effect.
There was no need of hard words in a work
He has thrown more light on Luther’s career and character than all the editors of Luther’s works and all Luther’s biographers taken together.
Denifle wished to offend no man, but he certainly resolved on showing once and for all the Reformer in his true colours. He makes Luther exhibit himself. …
… Denifle’s impeachment is no doubt a terrible one, but apart from some trifling inaccuracies in immaterial points it is established by irrefragable proofs.
Denifle … was on his way to Cambridge, where he and his friend Father Ehrle were to be made Honorary Doctors of that university, when he was struck down by the hand of death.
newadvent.org/cathen/04719a.htm
My apologies. Still though, you’ve shown no evidence you ever read LW 39, but rather simply posted material from Denifle.
No need to apologize. And I have read it.
As to your quote, “I am compelled to confess it; my doctrine has produced many scandals”- as I’ve stated to more than a few Roman Catholics, if you present a Luther quote, it’s your responsibility to get the context and translate it, not mine. … If I were to do this with a Papal document, I can only imagine how quickly a Catholic apologist would jump all over me- yet, with Luther, context never seems to matter!
Context does matter! But since I’ve as yet been unable to find the context, I just though you might know.
Luther’s doctrines did cause quite a bit of controversy. Scandal? I guess that word could be used in a sense. Great men often do that- consider Athanasius contra mundum.
What a wretched comparison!
I would wonder why you don’t answer your own question and consult the context. The English translation of DeWette II 637 (cited by Denifle, p. 9) is located here.
… Luther responds, "I do not think you should be hindered by the rule of the Order, or by a vow, for you should be fully convinced that no vow can bind you or be valid except under two conditions.
First, the vow must be possible of performance. For who will vow an impossible thing? … Now chastity is not in our power, as little as are God’s other wonders and graces, but we are made for marriage as the Scripture says: “It is not good that man should be alone; I will make a help meet for him.”
Guess someone should have told that to Bishop Augustine, who was celibate and chaste!
In LW 39:266, Luther explains that chastity is a supernatural gift given to only a few:
… We see how big and widespread the spiritual estate is; all its members are totally bound to chastity. Yet Scripture and daily experience teach that chastity is a supernatural gift, very special and uncommon, and given only to a few great saints.
Chastity given only to a few great saints?? And where, prey tell, might such chastity, such “great saints” be found in Protestantism?
 
Your relying on a method of interpreting Luther based on vilifying his moral character as a means of discrediting the Reformation. This method is over in serious Catholic scholarship.
No, I’m not “relying” on any one method, simply because I reference a certain source you disapprove of.

But you are just trying to downplay certain unpleasant facts, such as Luther and several other reformers giving Philip of Hesse permission to take a second wife while his first still lived. And what’s worse perhaps, they never expressed the slightest repentance. But why wonder at this, since, as Scripture says of that kind, they “refuse to be ashamed!” Jeremiah 3:3

No, neither I nor Denifle have vilified anyone’s moral character. The truth is, the reformers were given a moral test, and they failed –miserably! The reformation has simply discredited itself!
I’m not threatened by Denifle, and so far, your materials have been quite easy to poke holes in. Contexts and truth have nothing to fear. Recall, I have Ratzinger on my side, along with many catholic scholars in our assessment of Denifle. I’ve spent this time with you because I was amazed that someone would actually cite Denifle as an authority on Luther. the last (and only) person I conversed with that took Denifle seriously was Catholic apologist Dr. Art Sippo, and he basically reverted to calling me names like “Nazi”.
If Sippo did call you a “Nazi,” that was certainly wrong - very wrong! Indeed, utterly indefensible! I find it incredible that he would say such a thing!
It’s my opinion, which I think is borne out by this thread. I call it the Jerry Springer approach- point out allegedly shocking things about Luther, and hope to create enough smoke that everyone thinks there is a fire.
“Allegedly shocking”? See Phillip of Hesse above.

And I’m not creating smoke here; only trying to shine some light through the smokescreen!😉
 
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raumzeitmc2:
This is not my logic! No one is allowed to distort the truth, but the reformers most certainly did!
No, it was the logic you used. Rather than admit Denifle distorted history in his writings on Luther, you pointed to focusing on another group.
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raumzeitmc2:
James, you are in such deep denial! But that’s nothing new as is seen from the following written in 1904:
You’re only reading what you want to, and that’s not the way to do history. I’ve done a detailed look at Catholic approaches to Luther. I’ll link it for you one more time, in the light of your earlier claims to be interested in truth and history: The Roman Catholic Understanding of Luther Part One.
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raumzeitmc2:
Your just trying to paint with a very broad brush, my friend. Here’s part of what the Catholic Encyclopedia says about Denifle:
If you actually would take 10 minutes to look through my link, you would have noticed the information about The Catholic Encyclopedia’s entry on Luther, as well as the fact I used it in my evaluation of Denifle. Interestingly, one version of the Wikipedia’s article on Denifle links to my article. http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Heinrich_Suso_Denifle (scroll to the bottom, see “weblinks”)
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raumzeitmc2:
And I have read it.
Unproven based on your posts. Do you even have LW 39?
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raumzeitmc2:
Context does matter! But since I’ve as yet been unable to find the context, I just though you might know.
You asked, “What do you suppose Luther meant by the following remark?” after you posted a series of contextless vilifying quotes from Denifle. I’d like to suggest something to you. Luther’s Works in English span 54 volumes, and they aren’t expensive, and many libraries have them. Why not, put down Denifle, unplug yourself from old Google books, and actually read Luther? I promise you, Luther’s Works isn’t white-washed- you could find many things to post. Also, the books have historical footnotes explaining contexts. These would be perfect you and your interest in history. You’d be able to post comments from Luther, and actually be able to have contexts. Try it, it’s very helpful in research.
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raumzeitmc2:
What a wretched comparison!
Too bad. Tell that to all the people who thought that Athanasius caused a scandal, and should’ve kept his mouth shut instead of standing against the majority.
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raumzeitmc2:
Guess someone should have told that to Bishop Augustine, who was celibate and chaste!
I’ve never studied Augustine’s views on chastity, and I wouldn’t try to fool anybody by a cut-and-paste from Google Books. While it is tangential to our discussion, I would point out In LW 39:266, Luther explains that chastity is a supernatural gift given to only a few. Of course, if you actually read LW 39, you should’ve already known this.
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raumzeitmc2:
Chastity given only to a few great saints?? And where, prey tell, might such chastity, such “great saints” be found in Protestantism?
Another red herring. I think if you actually stepped back for a second and thought about it, you’d have to agree chastity is not the norm, and there are probably a lot of people that don’t have it within the confines of the monastery. I don’t find Luther’s point so outrageous.

For what it’s worth: In my own church, I happen to know some people who have never married, and appear content with it. Of course, these people don’t think they are somehow closer to God, or more holy, and they don’t draw attention to themselves.
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raumzeitmc2:
No, I’m not “relying” on any one method, simply because I reference a certain source you disapprove of.
I sat down last night and reread Denifle’s first chapter. Find me any current Roman Catholic scholarly treatment of Luther within the last fifty years that takes his approach, as outlined in chapter 1, seriously, and cites his work with approval. He blames the Reformation on lust and and a desire for sex.
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raumzeitmc2:
But you are just trying to downplay certain unpleasant facts, such as Luther and several other reformers giving Philip of Hesse permission to take a second wife while his first still lived.
This just shows how shallow your look into history is. During that time period, it wasn’t so uncommon for authorities to suggest bigamy as opposed to divorce in severe cases. When I say “authorities,” I’m including the papacy, and I’ll throw Erasmus in as well (If Augustine were around then, we could include him as well) . I suggest going a little “deeper” into history. What you think is so outrageous is actually a facet of the 16th century- I admit, not typical, but not out of the ordinary, confined simply to Luther’s involvement with Philip of Hesse. See: beggarsallreformation.blogspot.com/2009/04/luthers-teachings-on-bigamy-and.html
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raumzeitmc2:
No, neither I nor Denifle have vilified anyone’s moral character. The truth is, the reformers were given a moral test, and they failed –miserably! The reformation has simply discredited itself!
Try telling that to Catholic scholars like Lortz, Merkle, Ficsher, Herte, Congar, Sartory, McDonough, Swidler, Todd, Wicks, etc. They disagree with you.

-continued-
 
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raumzeitmc2:
If Sippo did call you a “Nazi,” that was certainly wrong - very wrong! Indeed, utterly indefensible! I find it incredible that he would say such a thing!
You may find my dialogue with Dr. Sippo interesting, as it pertains to what we’ve been talking about:

Discussion With Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Luther Biographies: Catholic apologist Art Sippo and I discussed which were the best and worst biographies on Luther to read. Needless to say, Dr. Sippo and I agreed on nothing. The conversation shows that Sippo begins with Luther as an arch-villain, and any book that says otherwise is propaganda.

I. On Dialoging With Catholic apologist Art Sippo on Luther Scholarship

II. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Father O’Hare’s “Facts About Luther

III. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Luther Scholarship and Research (Part 1)

IV. Art Sippo on Catholic Historians Grisar and Denifle and Luther’s Demon Possession (part 2)

V. Using Psychohistory To Interpret Luther (A Response To Catholic Apologist Art Sippo (part3)

VI. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo Takes The Time To Thank Me For My Luther Research

VII. Luther Between God and the Devil: Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Heiko Oberman

VIII. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Roland Bainton’s “Here I Stand”

IX. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Richard Marius

X. Catholic Apologist Art Sippo on Catholic Historian Joseph Lortz

XI. A Last Look At Catholic Apologist Art’s Sippo’s View Of Luther Biographies

XII. Art Sippo on Luther Biographies Revisited: Marius on Denifle

Regards,
James Swan
 
No, it was the logic you used. Rather than admit Denifle distorted history in his writings on Luther, you pointed to focusing on another group.
I’ve already said that Denifle’s conclusions are his conclusions. But so far I’ve seen nothing to indicate that he deliberately falsified or “distorted history.”
Do you even have LW 39?
Yes, yes! And several others (as well as ready access to all 55 vols.). But just to prove it to you, I’ve scanned a page from LW 39 containing one of Luther’s more bizarre boasts about his own infallibility. Here are his words:
Therefore, I now let you know that from now on I shall no longer do you the honor of allowing you - or even an angel from heaven - to judge my teaching or to examine it. For there has been enough of this foolish humility now for the third time at Worms, and it has not helped. Instead, I shall let myself be heard and, as St. Peter teaches, give and explanation and defense of my teaching to all the world [1 Pet. 3:15].
For since I am certain of it, I shall be your judge and even the angels’ judge through this teaching (as St. Paul says [1 Cor. 6:3]) so that whoever does not accept my teaching may not be saved - for it is God’s and not mine. Therefore, my judgment is also not mine but God’s.
Against the Spiritual Estate of the Pope and the Bishops Falsely So Called. A. D. 1522

Luther’s Works, Volume 39: Church and Ministry I, Fortress Press, Concordia Publishing House, ISBN 0800603397, 9780800603397, 1970, pp. 248-249.
Table of contents here.

img25.imageshack.us/img25/7258/lw390001.jpg

I don’t know about you, James, but to hear someone say, “I shall be your judge and even the angels judge,’” strikes me as, well, rather blasphemous - but I’m sure you’ll disagree. At any rate, at least this time, you can’t say I didn’t include the context! 😉 🙂

Now as you are on a real crusade against Denifle for being a heretic (historically speaking ;)) I think it best we move on. Let’s hear instead what Catholic historian Joseph Lortz (1887-1975) thinks of Luther. This is from his History of the Church (1938).

He writes:
Preliminary Remarks. The Reformation is the greatest catastrophe which has ever befallen the Church from beginning until the present day. The heresies of ancient times, the sects of the Middle Ages, the separation of the Eastern Churches from Rome - none of these can be compared to the Reformation in their destructive effect on the Church. p. 340.
FF to p. 367f:
The Reformation and the figure of Luther project into historical study a multitude of problems of evaluation whose solution is of the greatest present-day importance. This solution, which can be arrived at only from a historical standpoint, imparts greater depth to the study of the history of thought.
Luther. Luther was very religious nature. The decisive years of his development and his first entry on the scene reveal elements of unusually great religious value mingled with his dogmatic errors. *Filled with zeal for the honor of God, he was honorable in striving for reform *and, despite grave doubts, convinced of his calling.
With the years, however, he was drawn into the vortex of a political activity infected with egotism. Lacking the positive asceticism and the well-regulated life of prayer necessary for interior renovation, he suffered a great loss of refinement and religious values. A historical study such as this is not concerned with the question of responsibility for this decline. In fact it is not concerned at all with the proof of Luther’s personal “guilt,” but with an objective investigation of the facts. The object here is the texture of the man and of his teaching. Is it consistent? Does it reveal gaps, contradictions?
Luther frequently presented Catholic teaching, e.g., on the vow or the papacy, in an objectively false light; in his criticism he was frequently grossly vulgar; an utter absence of restraint often caused him to pay little heed to his responsibility. It is tragic that through the shadow of abuses that darkened the late Middle Ages he was unable to discern the strength and purity of the Church’s essence, and instead brought against her the superficial charge of upholding the sanctity of “external works.”
While all this certainly constitutes a strong indictment of Luther, the charge of his responsibility must not be pressed too relentlessly. In the first place, there is the excuse of a violent temperament and the barbaric crudeness of the age. Fatally oppressed by a stormy, extremistic, emotional temperament, he was the victim of his own peculiar disposition and of the monstrous ferment into which his psychic-intellectual development and surroundings had thrust him. As a result he was transformed into a totally different being, and was often rendered psychically incapable of clearly perceiving his inner self.
Moreover, he and his comrades-in-arms were provoked to exasperation by the terrible continuation of ecclesiastical abuses, and finally by the poisonous heat and frenzy of the struggle for existence itself. The following consideration will absolve him subjectively:
Luther’s fundamental idea is God’s absolute sovereignty. This becomes for him the sum total of Christianity and as a consequence everything human not only becomes useless or harmful ballast, but it perverts what is Christian into the un-Christian, into the devilish. Hence, he feels that the very existence of Christianity is at stake, and no words used to express his thought would he consider too violent.
By putting aside the question of subjective guilt the ground is prepared for a more penetrating and interior criticism. Most important to bear in mind is this: Luther recognized in self-seeking the fundamental factor of all sin. However, despite great humility - and this virtue was not wanting to him, * self-seeking in many guises is his own fundamental fault, and becomes the chief defect in his teaching. Luther was indeed imbued with strong devotion to the great ideal of Christianity. But the very fine line which separates zeal for the house of God from the disputatiousness which insists on recognition of one’s own ideals soon disappeared. When one enters the lists for an ideal with the brilliant vehemence of a Luther, then only heroic humility, only sanctity, can hold self-seeking in check and keep it from marring one’s activity. This qualification Luther lacked. He was not a saint.
(* Especially in the decisive years of his personal development. Then, of course, it declined steadily; the intoxication of external success as well as the force of events contributed to the decline.)
This fine egoism was not extrinsic to Luther’s character, nor did it remain an accidental element in his spiritual endowment. On the contrary, it lay fatally at the very root of his character. His scrupulosity, which with pathological stubbornness insisted always on his own will, and the general form of his imagination and thought processes prove this contention. Luther was radically subjective; he saw, he recognized only that which affected his highly personal disposition and condition. Therefore, despite his complete mastery of the Bible he drew from the sacred books a most one-sided doctrine. Its comprehensive, well-rounded teaching, which complements so many unbalanced opinions of the reformers, left him unmoved.
Thus, too, can be explained his utter blindness to his own past when it failed to fit the new interior picture. Luther wished to obey God only. But the complex of this will was accompanied with such great activity of the man Luther, and the solution, which was conceived as coming from God, was so expressly demanded by Luther himself, that in it Luther’s own desire and will and need gained a complete triumph. The same disputatiousness was evident in the enunciation of his conclusions, whether written or spoken. Luther was never entirely the “hearer” of the word. The distinction, essential to an understanding of this matter, cannot be perceived so readily and yet it is decisive. The example of St. Francis of Assisi should make it clear to us.
With gigantic energy Francis carried out the will of God directly revealed to him, but in this activity he was only an instrument, only an object devoted to the cause. He was ready at any time to withdraw from the work should ***obedience ***so demand.
Luther’s teaching. As a result of this one-sided subjectivism, modeled entirely on his own ideas and experience, Luther’s Christianity possessed an alluring simplicity and all the consistency of radicalism; consequently it was enormously effective. This is true despite Luther’s vacillations, for he had one central focus - trust in the Father through Jesus - which he declared to be the whole of his doctrine. It is an “emancipating simplification,” but it is also a violent lopping off, a decisive impoverishment, and hence it is error.
The dogmatic consequence need not here be followed any further. Luther’s system soon betrayed the suicidal inconsistencies and variations, the dangerous disruptive force of the purely interior and personal. The subjective is not entirely and unfailingly good and meritorious. It may become evil.
Without close union with the objective it readily leads to the chaos of hyperintellectuality and hyperspirituality (rationalism, spiritualism). Luther’s one-sidedness succumbed to the great danger into which such systems inevitably fall, the danger of inner contradiction, which frequently, in form of reaction, reverts to the very opposite extreme.
The Inner Contradiction: From an entirely unique, highly personal experience of certainty of salvation, which arose under peculiar interior dispositions and exterior circumstances, Luther paints what he considers an objective picture of Catholic piety with its alleged rigidity, and deduces therefrom the necessity and justification of his own new theory. An isolated personal experience, an experience which was *historically accidental and unimportant *is stamped with universal validity; the subjective is raised to the status of the objective and is made universally valid.
The most serious philosophical charge against Luther’s teaching is this, that by the denial of the existing teaching authority and its tradition he placed, in his teaching and his example, the conscience of the individual as judge over the content of the Bible and religion itself. At the same time, not only is he himself held fast by the objective Word of God, but he obliges his followers also to the same by a binding confession of faith. This implies that a subjective dogmatism or a dogmatic subjectivism is the basis of Protestantism.
On the other hand, the liberty of Scriptural interpretation which he himself exercises, he denies to all others, not only to Catholics, but to the other Protestant sects, the “Sacramentarians,” and “Anabaptists,” etc., as well. This logical impossibility can perhaps, through some happy inconsistency or more possibly by virtue of the glorious, indestructible force of Christian thought, become a living unity in one or in a number of individuals and in certain circles. But the inner contradiction still remains to become the fountainhead of the continual disintegration of Protestantism into many diverse movements.
Abstracting from the content, the most important weakness in Luther’s system lies in the defective link between faith and morals. The statement: “sin valiantly but believe more valiantly” is Luther’s own. But to conclude from it that Luther placed no value on a practical religious and moral life, or in good works is to do him and Protestantism grave injustice. The expression is nothing more than an exaggerated and dangerous summation of the conviction that faith conquers sin, and is in a sense similar to Augustine’s expression “Love, and do as you please.”
Right faith should of itself lead to a Christian life. But the difficulty is that through the doctrine of justification by faith alone, the moral element in the process of justification was sidetracked, so to say, it was made a nonessential thing.
This, together with the unrestrained war against “works,” has too often opened the way to evil in men.
Luther’s complaint that men frequently misinterpreted his teaching as a casting off of moral restraints, and his well-known plaint that under the “Gospel” morals had grown worse than they were under the papacy, make further proof superfluous.
The conviction: “my will is not free and can simply do nothing useful for salvation; concupiscence is invincible,” only too readily, and indeed quite consistently, gives rise to the question: “Why make an effort? Why not give free rein to one’s passion?” Like it or not, there is ever present the danger of quietism and libertinism.
Reaction from First Principles. (1) Protestantism is purely fideistic and yet it led to the opposite extreme of rationalism. (2) It insists that only the supernatural is valid and yet it weakened and destroyed the very notion of revelation. (3) It wishes to sanctify the natural civic life, and yet it produced a secularization of culture. Each of these paradoxes shall be discussed at greater length.
The History of the Church, Adapted from the 5th and 6th German Edition, Joseph Lortz, Edwin G. Kaiser, Bruce Publishing Co., Milwaukee, 1939, pp. 367-371.

Translation of: Geschichte der Kirche in ideengeschichtlicher Betrachtung.

I’ll reply to your other comments later.

God bless!
 
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raumzeitmc2:
I’ve already said that Denifle’s conclusions are his conclusions. But so far I’ve seen nothing to indicate that he deliberately falsified or “distorted history.”
I never stated Denifle deliberately meant to distort history. In his mind, I’m sure it all made sense. But his own prejudice clouded his judgment when he read Luther. For instance, on page 12, he quotes Luther stating: “I am inflamed with carnal pleasure, while I ought to be fervent in spirit. I am on fire with the great flame of my unbridled flesh and sit here in leisure and laziness neglecting prayer.” Denifle clearly read much more in to Luther’s words than were intended. I can imagine that Denifle, a man who had taken the vow, was very sensitive to Luther’s statements in a way that most wouldn’t be. When he read Luther, he heard something that simply wasn’t there- not because he was trying to distort Luther, but because of his own disposition. Even Hartmann Grisar recognized some of Denifle’s fundamental errors:

“Grisar demolished two major points in the thesis of Denifle. He was not at all disposed to credit the tale of Luther’s moral turpitude. He stated emphatically that ‘the only arguments on which the assertions of great inward corruption could be based, viz. actual texts and facts capable of convincing anyone…simply are not forthcoming’ He admitted that Denifle’s interpretation of ‘concupiscence’ would not bear examination. ‘Nor does the manner in which Luther represents concupiscence prove his inward corruption. He does not make it consist merely in the concupiscence of the flesh.’ He can pay tribute to Luther’s minor virtues, as when he admits that “Of Christian Liberty” “does in fact present his wrong ideas in a mystical garb which appeals strongly to the heart.” Gordon Rupp, The Righteousness of God (Great Britain: Hodder and Stoughton Publishing, 1953), 25.
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raumzeitmc2:
Now as you are on a real crusade against Denifle for being a heretic (historically speaking ).
That’s what you think I’m doing? It is a bit discouraging that the time I spent interacting with you has been interpreted in such a way. I stated nowhere Denifle was a heretic, nor am I on a crusade against him. You mentioned earlier “I’m something of an amateur historian, and thus the past is where I live.” So I’ve been giving you a bit of history as to one of the sources you’re quoting. I’ve linked some papers for you pointing out the history of Catholic criticism against Luther. You interpret this as “you are on a real crusade against Denifle for being a heretic.” That’s unfortunate- but I guess not so surprising. No one wants to think they’ve taken a wrong turn in research. I realize you must’ve actually taken extra effort to pull that Denilfe information rather than and cut-and-paste it from the Internet.
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raumzeitmc2:
I think it best we move on
Ah yes, earlier you stated that “move on” is what Protestants do when “when certain facts about Luther or Calvin are mentioned.” Protestants “simply do not want to hear the truth.” I suggest this is exactly what you’re doing in regard to the information I’ve given you in regard to some of the historical sources you’re utilizing as an “amateur historian.”

As to your other points, time escapes me today. Then again, based on our interaction over the merit of Denifle’s work, it doesn’t appear to me that anything fruitful will occur between us. Based on your citations from Lortz, it’s obvious to me you didn’t even bother to look over my Lortz overview which I’ve linked to a number of times. One irony of course is this citation from my own research of Lortz:

“Today I would even go so far as to ask whether the Catholic scholar might not be in a better position to understand Luther adequately than the Protestant researcher. First, we can take it for granted that we have abandoned the evaluative categories of a Cochlaeus, which dominated for over 400 years, and those of the great Denifle, and even those of Grisar (who was particularly well-versed in details). This assumption holds also for Italy, Spain, and Latin America. Gradually Catholics have come to recognize the Christian, and even Catholic, richness of Luther, and they are impressed. They now realize how great the Catholic guilt was that Luther was expelled from the Church to begin the division that burdens us so today–even in theology. Finally, we are anxious to draw Luther’s richness back into the Church.” Catholic Scholars Dialog With Luther, (Jared Wicks, S.J, Editor. 1970, Loyola University Press) pp 6-7.

Regards,
James Swan
 
My apologies for the bold red “historian” in the previous post. It was not intended, but rather got picked up in a cut-and-paste.

Regards,
James Swan
 
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raumzeitmc2:
Yes, yes! And several others (as well as ready access to all 55 vols.). But just to prove it to you, I’ve scanned a page from LW 39
That’s where you should be digging when you find obscure quotes. Before you posted them, you should have had contexts to back up your interpretation, and you would’ve had no need to quote such things like Denifle. I don’t simple assume Luther has been cited correctly without actually looking at the context, as well as the historical context, especially if the quote sounds outrageous (like many of the ones you’ve posted).

Luther was prone to strong hyperbole. It’s his style. He doesn’t write analytical scholastic theology. As Joseph Lortz has stated, "“Luther was a genius with language. Spontaneously his thoughts found concrete expression in the most sensitive of linguistic phrasing. It would perhaps be more exact to say that his thoughts take form in words!”(Catholic Scholars Dialog With Luther , 12).
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raumzeitmc2:
LW 39 containing one of Luther’s more bizarre boasts about his own infallibility
I noticed this thread was originally about Luther’s “sin boldly” comment. Whenever I get in to these type of discussions, I get all sorts of quotes thrown my way. Of course, it’s much easier on your end and takes a lot less time to throw quotes out and make assertions than it is on my end to work through contexts and respond. I’m not sure exactly why Catholics can’t stay focused on one topic, but rather meander all over the place with quotes and other issues- then if every stray quote isn’t answered, one is accused of not wanting “to hear the truth.” Perhaps you can enlighten me as to why this thread began with one statement from Luther, and you felt the need to throw out so many different quotes, with so many different contexts, on so many different topics.
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raumzeitmc2:
I don’t know about you, James, but to hear someone say, “I shall be your judge and even the angels judge,’” strikes me as, well, rather blasphemous - but I’m sure you’ll disagree. At any rate, at least this time, you can’t say I didn’t include the context!
Why didn’t you read the introduction to the treatise you’re citing?

…under the title Against the Spiritual Estate of the Pope and the Bishops, Falsely So Called. Luther’s highly polemical and satirical language, more evident in this treatise than in others, was prompted by the recurrence of the indulgence traffic in the territory of Albrecht of Mainz. The so-called “spiritual estate” was used, according to Luther, to cover up the sins of ecclesiastical princes who betrayed the gospel and perverted their calling.

When you pull a quote like this out of its historical context, you neglect all the subterfuge between Luther and the papacy that came before this treatise. You neglect all the previous attempts to condemn Luther by auctoritas without rationes. For instance, those at Louvain had earlier condemned Luther without explanation. In fact, the controversialists during this period more or less felt it was there job to help the papacy by providing the rationes or causae. Luther had been deprived of “his titles” as he explains. What you get when you you throw it all together is a response filled with highly polemical language.

The treatise was directed toward abuses with indulgences- and recall, it is typically admitted by most during this period there were abuses with indulgences. When Luther shouts loudly about corruption and proclaims the gospel with all his might, he felt he was acting similarly to a prophet- for instance, read a little further into the preface on pages 249 and following. Right* is right*- if you saw a deadly abuse in the church, and the church authorities played a game of subterfuge to mask the corruption, you, in essence with truth on your side, stand as judge along with God and the angels, if you admit it, and they do not. You can read Luther’s analysis of indulgences and their abuse on beginning on page 270.

Regards,
James Swan
 
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raumzeitmc2:
Let’s hear instead what Catholic historian Joseph Lortz (1887-1975) thinks of Luther. This is from his History of the Church (1938).

The History of the Church, Adapted from the 5th and 6th German Edition, Joseph Lortz, Edwin G. Kaiser, Bruce Publishing Co., Milwaukee, 1939, pp. 367-371.
I appreciate the lengthy citation from Joseph Lortz. In my paper, I’ve noted Lortz’s criticisms of Luther, and presented a quite helpful analysis of his position:

The Roman Catholic Perspective of Martin Luther (Part Two)

I’m not sure exactly what you hope to gain in dialog from the citation. Without Lortz giving references to statements from Luther by which he drew his opinion from, I don’t really have anything to say, other than that’s his opinion, which I’ve already documented in a much fuller way then you have. I will say also, Lortz revised elements of his perspective on Luther later on his life. I suggest getting his article in the book, Catholic Scholars Dialog With Luther (Jared Wicks, S.J, Editor. 1970, Loyola University Press). For instance, Lortz states:

“The Church condemned Luther as a heretic. That is certain, but whatever one thinks in detail of Luther’s orthodoxy or heterodoxy, however one may view certain sides of his character, whatever criticism one has to level against his immoderate polemic, there is no doubt that he was a profoundly religious man, a true Christian, who lived by a deep faith in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, born of the Virgin Mary, crucified and risen to save us. We must also remember that all his life Luther was a man of prayer and a zealous preacher of the Word of God.”

This is a much different sentiment than that expressed Denifle, that’s for sure. In fact, it’s so different, perhaps you can tell me which is the correct Luther: that presented by Denifle, or that presented by Lortz. How could two men come to such different opinions? Questions like these are the real work of those who love history. I would rather spend my time on real questions than chasing out-of-context Luther quotes around cyber space.

Regards,
James Swan
 
I can imagine that Denifle, a man who had taken the vow, was very sensitive to Luther’s statements in a way that most wouldn’t be.
I agree. Denifle’s extensive researches in the various archives of Europe left him aghast at what he was uncovering about the reformers. His was the understandable reaction of a mind steeped in the Father’s, Doctors and Saints. It was my reaction to the reading of the reformers *long before *I ever saw a book by Denifle or Grisar!
Even Hartmann Grisar recognized some of Denifle’s fundamental errors:
“Grisar demolished two major points in the thesis of Denifle. He was not at all disposed to credit the tale of Luther’s moral turpitude.
“Demolished” may be a bit of an exaggeration; but he did tone down Denifle’s rhetoric. However, there were instances where a severe tone was perhaps warranted, though a milder tone overall is almost always to be preferred. 🙂

But Grisar himself shows us many unflattering things about Luther. In reading him, we come upon an unfortunate Luther, one who became psychologically and / or emotionally crippled in his relationship to God (and consequently his neighbor) as a result of what he deemed his moral failings. Had he only trusted the Church, and received ( not “discovered”) the gospel of Christ and of his saints, he would have most certainly found, through the teaching and example of millennium of sanctity, peace and rest for his troubled soul. 😉
I stated nowhere Denifle was a heretic, nor am I on a crusade against him.
I said that mostly in jest. But one definition of heresy may be applicable.
merriam-webster.com/dictionary/heresy
No one wants to think they’ve taken a wrong turn in research. I realize you must’ve actually taken extra effort to pull that Denilfe information rather than and cut-and-paste it from the Internet.
Again, Denifle’s work still contains important and rare information. That doesn’t mean I bind myself to his conclusions or approve of his general tone.

And I did not cut and paste anything. I’ve had that quote handy for quite some time.
Ah yes, earlier you stated that “move on” is what Protestants do when “when certain facts about Luther or Calvin are mentioned.” Protestants “simply do not want to hear the truth.” I suggest this is exactly what you’re doing in regard to the information I’ve given you in regard to some of the historical sources you’re utilizing as an “amateur historian.”
No, I’m not in the least afraid of criticism or facts. We can certainly talk about Denifle, pro and con, till the cows come home. But since you’re convinced that he has nothing of value to offer, I say we just move on.
Based on your citations from Lortz, it’s obvious to me you didn’t even bother to look over my Lortz overview which I’ve linked to a number of times. One irony of course is this citation from my own research of Lortz:
I’ve visited your site many times in the past, so I’m well familiar with the material you posted. But you’re only giving one side of Lortz. I gave another. But perhaps we can reconcile them.

Now, I would like to clarify something, and it is this: I have no desire to defame the reformers. Fact is, I’d much prefer to admire them. But how I can I ever be expected to approve of their distortions, their immorality or their violence? I can’t. Any more than I could or would condone such evils on the Catholic side. You’ll certainly never find me countenancing for example, something like the following, which Erasmus recounts:
His disciple the prior of Antwerp, a doctor of the violet cap, when defending himself before the magistrates on a charge of subversive clamor against Luther, declared that he had not read Luther’s books, but had been told in a letter from Father Nicolaus Egmondanus to say what he had said.
At the same time the leaders of the Dominican monastery behaved so improperly that they set all decent people against them. One of their society said in the hearing of the laity, “I wish I could chew Luther’s gullet between my teeth! I should say mass without hesitation with my mouth still bloody.” Is there any honorable man so incensed against Luther that he would not be disgusted to hear a priest vomiting such filth?
  • to Vincentius Theoderici, March 1521,
The Correspondence of Erasmus, Roger Aubrey Baskerville Mynors, University of Toronto Press, 1974, ISBN 0802026079, vol. 8, p. 193. books.google.com/books?id=A5-UBrlRNqwC&pg=PA193&dq=erasmus+%22mouth+still+bloody%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES

And though I’ve pointed this out before, I reiterate: Luther did say a number of things which were very sensible and even of a noble nature. He speaks wonderfully for example, of the Blessed Virgin, and even, sometimes of the saints. Although here he more often than not (so it seems to me) is unduly and even unfairly critical.

No, Luther was not evil – but he was wrong. As for the reformation he created, it most certainly was evil! For it "convulsed all Christendom, caused rivers of blood to flow, and made a chasm in Christ’s Church, which time may never close.” In a word, the “cure” was far worse than the disease, which had in fact, already begun to heal.

This healing would come about, not through anarchy, not through bloody rebellion, but through holiness - the holiness and obedience of the Saints. It was they, not the reformers, who understood perfectly that the only cure for the evils of the day, the only cure that had proved effective in every age and in every crisis of the Church, was the medicine of sanctity, not the right of private judgment.
 
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raumzeitmc2:
I agree. Denifle’s extensive researches in the various archives of Europe left him aghast at what he was uncovering about the reformers. His was the understandable reaction of a mind steeped in the Father’s, Doctors and Saints. It was my reaction to the reading of the reformers long before I ever saw a book by Denifle or Grisar!
I have read extensively on Luther and Calvin, and my reaction is one of heartfelt thanks to their stand against corruption, proclamation of the gospel, and dedication to the authority of the Scriptures. Denifle and Grisar’s work on Luther was thrust upon me when I found Roman Catholics quoting these old sources- long before Google books. I went out and purchased their books, and did extensive research into the history of Catholic treatments of the Reformation. It’s too bad Catholic laymen still quote these old sources as accurate portrayals of Luther, when current Catholic scholarship abandoned their approach long ago.

raumzeitmc2 said:
“Demolished” may be a bit of an exaggeration; but he did tone down Denifle’s rhetoric.

“Demolished” was used in this sense: “Denifle’s criticism of Luther on the matter of the understanding of concupiscentia.” Note, there was a specific given, and that specific happened to be one of the lynchpins to Denifle’s work. That which Grisar challenged Denifle on is the same thing I challenged you on. You appeared to rely on Denifle’s understanding of concupiscentia when you began quoting Luther and making comments about “sin boldly”.
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raumzeitmc2:
However, there were instances where a severe tone was perhaps warranted, though a milder tone overall is almost always to be preferred.
His tone has little to do with my criticism of his work.
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raumzeitmc2:
But Grisar himself shows us many unflattering things about Luther.
Let me set the record straight: Luther was a man, he was not a saint. He did not go to Calcutta and feed starving people. He was a sinner. He himself admits that. Throughout the historical record, one can find particular sins that Luther committed. But this is not the whole picture of Luther. Where Luther was gravely mistaken, Protestants must admit his faults. I do not condone everything Luther said or did, and… I’m not even a Lutheran.

But, your approach is very similar to those who wish to attack the Roman Catholic Church by way of pointing out how say, a particular pope (or popes) was corrupt, or some other corruption among the Roman hierarchy. That is, it’s the method of attacking the person rather than discussing theology. This form of argumentation states: If the person can be maligned to a severe degree, then the theology is wrong. I try to avoid this method- I don’t spend a lot of time talking about the inquisition, corrupt popes, or indiscretions of the priesthood. I usually avoid those type of arguments. but when it comes to Luther, many Catholics revert to this type of argumentation. The same people who would complain if I were to begin pointing out moral indiscretions of the Magisterium are usually the same people who post obscure Luther quotes, or who post the allegedly “shocking” dirt on Luther.

The sad part about those who post the “dirt” about Luther is that they are usually completely ignorant that they have created a caricature. They vilify Luther to a such a degree, that they can’t for a moment figure out what to do with facts that don’t fit, like say, when the plague hit Wittenberg and most everyone left in fear, while Luther stayed behind with the sick. They can’t for a moment figure out what to do with Luther’s dedication and love for his wife and family. They can’t figure out what to do with the fact that one of Luther’s sworn enemies sought refuge in his house, and Luther took him in. No, these type of facts don’t fit, so they never see the light of day for certain Catholics- it would pop the bubble of ignorance.

Perhaps the primary difference between early and later Catholic approaches to Luther is the shift in emphasis on Luther the person. During the first five hundred years of Catholic evaluations of Luther, a strong emphasis on vilifying Luther’s character as a means of discrediting the Reformation was the normal Catholic approach- this was the approach of Denifle and Grisar. This is where Catholic scholars now place their work- in that earlier period. The emphasis shifted in the Twentieth Century: Catholics began to study Luther as a sincere religious man and an honest theologian.

Of course, Grisar and Denifle don’t get every fact wrong. I have found interesting historical tidbits in Grisar’s work. But their overall approach has been abandoned by serious Catholic scholars. I would posit though, your reliance on their work has more to do with keeping the old outdated Catholic approach alive.

Regards,
James Swan
 
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raumzeitmc2:
In reading him, we come upon an unfortunate Luther, one who became psychologically and / or emotionally crippled in his relationship to God (and consequently his neighbor) as a result of what he deemed his moral failings.
I wondered when you would begin the psycho-historical approach to interpreting Luther. Catholic scholar Jared Wicks points out the basic key to understanding Grisar’s interpretation of Luther, which cast a shadow of suspicion over his research:

“Grisar looked at times to psychology for understanding Luther. In this account, Luther verged on neurosis as he swung from pseudo-mystical quiet to intemperate attack and near-hysteria. As Luther dealt with his maladjustments he came to hold doctrines diverging from church teaching. Late in life Luther suffered bouts of dismal depression, but then he would swing over to jocularity, frenetic work, and violent polemics.” (Jared Wicks, Luther and His Spiritual Legacy, Delaware: Michael Glazier, Inc., 1983, p. 19).

It is Grisar’s emphasis on approaching Luther with a psychology evaluation that ties his name with Denifle. Both Grisar and Denifle evaluate Luther’s character, and attempt to explain why Luther denied that ‘works’ contribute to salvation. . According to these men, Luther’s doctrine of justification was due to his abnormal psychology, faulty education in Nominalist theology, and moral corruption:

“…Denifle and the Jesuit Hartman Grisar, used Freudian psychology to arrive at their assessment that Luther was a monk obsessed with the lust of the flesh and a pathological manic-depressive personality….These polemical portraits were corrected in the 1940’s when an ecumenically oriented scholar, Joseph Lortz, rejected Freudian psycho-historical methods in favor of a more objective critical assessment to depict Luther as a faithful priest-professor who had succumbed to ‘subjectivism.’”(Eric Gritsch, God’s Court Jester, Luther in Retrospect. (Fortress Press, 1983), 146.)

“(Grisar’s) huge, three-volume work presents Luther as a man who was physically, mentally, and spiritually ill, a psychopath who should have been hospitalized. Grisar invites the reader to pity Luther, but his own malice shows through very clearly. Luther is a wholly impure, deeply immoral individual… in a 1926 one-volume summary of Luther, Grisar thought he foresaw the time when no one would take Luther seriously.”(Fred W. Meuser and Stanley D. Schneider (eds.) Interpreting Luther’s Legacy, 52.)

Scholars have evaluated Grisar’s work on Luther and have found it still with an implicit bias against Luther, not so dissimilar in intent from the blatant attacks by Denifle. Below are comments from both Catholic and Protestant theologians on the inherent bias in Grisar’s work:

Ian Siggins says that Grisar’s works on Luther are “A Catholic historian’s learned but extremely negative critique of Luther.” Roland Bainton calls Grisar’s work “Disparaging of Luther.” Lutheran Charles Anderson said Grisar (and Denifle) saw Luther as a “villain who tore the seamless robe of the church…”. Jared Wicks calls Grisar’s books on Luther “cold and one-sided.” He also says, “Grisar had vast factual knowledge of Luther, but he also showed a subtle talent for stirring suspicions about Luther. He repeatedly showed how problems plaguing modern Protestantism stemmed from Luther.” Wicks says also: “Among the strongly judgmental Catholic treatments of Luther, pride of place belongs to the well-informed German Jesuit, Hartmann Grisar, whose massive original volumes are digested into the mere 600 pages of Martin Luther, His Life and Work.” The New Catholic Encyclopedia states, “Grisar’s analysis of Luther is, by his own description, psychological rather than biographical in orientation. Though intended to be more objective and moderate in tone than previous Catholic studies such as that by Heinrich Seuse Denifle in 1903, it tends to emphasize negative qualities in Luther’s personality. Contemporary Catholic appraisals of the Reformer appear more balanced than Grisar’s without totally replacing it.” (sources found here)

As to the psycho-history approach, see my overview here: Using PsychoHistory To Interpret Luther: A Response To Art Sippo*

Regards,
James Swan
 
I have read extensively on Luther and Calvin, and my reaction is one of heartfelt thanks to their stand against corruption, proclamation of the gospel, and dedication to the authority of the Scriptures.
The reformation was not about “corruption,” but the usurpation of authority! The reformers wanted, and were determined to have, the final authority - even if it meant all-out war against the the Bishop of Rome!

We have Luther’s own statements for it:
My teachings will stand, and the Pope will fall, although he should be supported by all the gates of hell and the powers of the air and the earth and the sea. They have provoked me to war; and war they shall have. They despised the offered peace, and therefore they shall not have peace.
Let God see who will give in first, the Pope or Luther….
Martinus Lutherus contra Henricum Regem Angliæ (Martin Luther against Henry King of England), September, 1522.
anglicanhistory.org/lutherania/against_henry.html

Well, abuses were corrected, vice was purged, Luther fell and the Papacy stood! But Protestants are still protesting!

Btw, since by “abuses” you certainly include indulgences, you might be interested in what Joseph Lortz says about indulgences.
When Christian morality was violated the Church insisted on penance. For grave sin, especially for denial of faith, murder, or adultery, in addition to private penance, there was also a public confession of sin (exhomologesis) public penance. The public penitents were excluded from the Holy Eucharist. After having performed their penance they were re-admitted, reconciliation taking place on Maundy Thursday. The shortening of the long period of penance at the request of a confessor or martyr * may be looked upon as a historic preliminary to the granting of indulgences.
*This petition was often in writing, i.e., a libellus pacis, was given to the penitent.

History of the Church, ch. IV, Controversy With Heresy, p. 76.

Now you speak of the “proclamation of the gospel, and dedication to the authority of the Scriptures.”

Well, just what is the “gospel” in your opinion?
Denifle and Grisar’s work on Luther was thrust upon me when I found Roman Catholics quoting these old sources- long before Google books. I went out and purchased their books, and did extensive research into the history of Catholic treatments of the Reformation. It’s too bad Catholic laymen still quote these old sources as accurate portrayals of Luther, when current Catholic scholarship abandoned their approach long ago.
The reformers characters and credentials can be critiqued without reference to either Denifle or Grisar. Their own words and actions more than suffice.
“Demolished” was used in this sense: “Denifle’s criticism of Luther on the matter of the understanding of concupiscentia.” Note, there was a specific given, and that specific happened to be one of the lynchpins to Denifle’s work. That which Grisar challenged Denifle on is the same thing I challenged you on. You appeared to rely on Denifle’s understanding of concupiscentia when you began quoting Luther and making comments about “sin boldly”.
No, I do not “rely” on Denifle! He’s only one of many sources. But “Sin boldly,” even with the context, is still a shocking thing to say though. It tells us something about Luther’s character, about his theology. But if you’re so convinced I’m wrong, simply show me where Luther teaches that one can loose salvation through sin.
Let me set the record straight: Luther was a man, he was not a saint. …
I concede the point…! 😉
But, your approach is very similar to those who wish to attack the Roman Catholic Church by way of pointing out how say, a particular pope (or popes) was corrupt, or some other corruption among the Roman hierarchy. That is, it’s the method of attacking the person rather than discussing theology.
There’s no similarity whatsoever; I’m not “attacking” anyone! I’m only pointing out the hypocrisy of the reformers. Luther cries, “Sin boldly,” and then decries sinners in the Church! What is one to make of it?
This form of argumentation states: If the person can be maligned to a severe degree, then the theology is wrong. I try to avoid this method- I don’t spend a lot of time talking about the inquisition, corrupt popes, or indiscretions of the priesthood. I usually avoid those type of arguments. but when it comes to Luther, many Catholics revert to this type of argumentation. The same people who would complain if I were to begin pointing out moral indiscretions of the Magisterium are usually the same people who post obscure Luther quotes, or who post the allegedly “shocking” dirt on Luther.
Is is permitted to examine Luther’s character or not?
The sad part about those who post the “dirt” about Luther is that they are usually completely ignorant that they have created a caricature.
No, I’m not posting “dirt.” But if some have focused on the negative Luther, it was undoubtedly as a corrective to this kind of stuff:
It is interesting to observe how closely the attitude of the Jewish theocracy to Christ resembles that of the Catholic Church towards the Reformers. And in the same way how the accusations of Christ against the Pharisees resemble the accusations of Luther against the Popes.
A Defense of Liberty, 1921, Oliver Sylvain Baliol Brett Esher, p. 70.
books.google.com/books?id=J7iwAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA70&dq=%22Luther+against+the+Popes%22+%22+Christ+against+the+Pharisees+%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=q&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=&as_brr=0&as_pt=ALLTYPES
 
Continued from above.
I noticed this thread was originally about Luther’s “sin boldly” comment. …Perhaps you can enlighten me as to why this thread began with one statement from Luther, and you felt the need to throw out so many different quotes, with so many different contexts, on so many different topics.
The other quotes speak to Luther’s alleged pattern of exaggeration, e.g., “sin boldly.” Thus I think they have a valid place in the discussion.
Why didn’t you read the introduction to the treatise you’re citing?
…under the title Against the Spiritual Estate of the Pope and the Bishops, Falsely So Called. Luther’s highly polemical and satirical language, more evident in this treatise than in others, was prompted by the recurrence of the indulgence traffic in the territory of Albrecht of Mainz. The so-called “spiritual estate” was used, according to Luther, to cover up the sins of ecclesiastical princes who betrayed the gospel and perverted their calling.
I have the book, I have read the intro, and I do understand the background. But nothing in the intro (and granted, everyone should read it first) *necessarily *absolves Luther from the possibility of blasphemy. I’m not saying he did, but the words are his, and the context alone does not suffice to redeem him. But, I am willing to be corrected if the words can be shown to be an exaggeration.
When you pull a quote like this out of its historical context, you neglect all the subterfuge between Luther and the papacy that came before this treatise. … What you get when you throw it all together is a response filled with highly polemical language.
Well, I don’t think I’ve neglected anything. After all, the whole world knows of the “subterfuge between Luther and the papacy.” *That *is the historical context! - Luther, a man bitterly at war with, and opposed to, the Pope.

Now with regard to Luther’s alleged instances of exaggeration, I just have to ask: are the following quotes to be taken as hyperbole or at face value?

“[Luther] raised himself up and after making the sign of the cross with his hand, he said to us who were standing around him, ‘The Lord fill you with his benediction and with hatred of the pope!’”

Table Talk, February, 1537, No. 3543A,

Luther’s Works, vol. 54, American Edition, 1967, Fortress Press, ISBN 0800603540, p. 228.

“The word and working of God is quite clear; that women were made to be either wives or prostitutes.”

(The second quote I’ve seen floating around on the net.)
 
I mean isn’t sinning boldly better than sinning like a coward?
 
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raumzeitmc2:
Had he only trusted the Church, and received ( not “discovered”) the gospel of Christ and of his saints, he would have most certainly found, through the teaching and example of millennium of sanctity, peace and rest for his troubled soul
Most of what Luther originally brought up were things that lacked definition. There was no complete dogma on the indulgence when Luther posted the 95 Theses. There was no official doctrine as to the effect of the indulgence upon Purgatory.

Similarly, are you suggesting that the Reformers deviated from the historical Catholic understanding of justification? Implied in such an argument is the proposition that the Roman Catholic Church received their understanding of Justification from the Apostles, and subsequent Church history records the passing on of its understanding to the Church Fathers, and then ultimately to its dogmatic proclamation at the Council of Trent.

But even with “the gospel of Christ and of his saints” there was not “one” tradition of justification before the Council of Trent made its declaration. Note this comment from Jaraslov Pelikan:

“Existing side by side in pre-Reformation theology were several ways of interpreting the righteousness of God and the act of justification. They ranged from strongly moralistic views that seemed to equate justification with moral renewal to ultra-forensic views, which saw justification as a ‘nude imputation’ that seemed possible apart from Christ, by an arbitrary decree of God. Between these extremes were many combinations; and though certain views predominated in late nominalism, it is not possible even there to speak of a single doctrine of justification.” Jaraslov Pelikan, *Obedient Rebels: Catholic Substance and Protestant Principle in Luther’s Reformation *(New York: Harper and Row, 1964).

Note these comment from Joseph Lortz as well:

"It is not true that Luther’s interpretation of the righteousness of God as the grace by which we are justified was a completely new discovery. …All of the medieval exegetes had put forward this interpretation; and Luther must have read this the moment he began to study that passage in Romans, which so disturbed him. The trouble was that he had not really taken in what he had read.” Joseph Lortz, The Reformation in Germany Vol. 1 (London: Darton Longman & Todd Ltd, 1968), 207-208.

“Thirty years ago, in The Reformation in Germany, I put forth the thesis with regard to the central Reformation article, justification by faith alone, that Luther here rediscovered an old Catholic doctrine, which though was new for him and seen onesidedly. In the meantime I have not abandoned this view. On the contrary, Luther is, in fact, more Catholic than I then realized.” *Catholic Scholars Dialog With *Luther 7.

Regards,
James Swan
 
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raumzeitmc2:
I said that mostly in jest. But one definition of heresy may be applicable.
I never argued or suggested Denifle was any sort of “heretic” by whatever standard you wish to utilize.
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raumzeitmc2:
Again, Denifle’s work still contains important and rare information. That doesn’t mean I bind myself to his conclusions or approve of his general tone. And I did not cut and paste anything. I’ve had that quote handy for quite some time.
Rare information? Like what? I have a large library and collection of Reformation related books. I know of no specific “fact” put forth by Denifle that I probably can’t duplicate in another book.
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raumzeitmc2:
That doesn’t mean I bind myself to his conclusions or approve of his general tone.
I think our dialog has brought you to this conclusion. I would speculate, although I don’t know you, that previous to our discussion you were unaware of the assessment of Denifle’s work.
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raumzeitmc2:
And I did not cut and paste anything. I’ve had that quote handy for quite some time.
That’s exactly what I said: “I realize you must’ve actually taken extra effort to pull that Denilfe information rather than and cut-and-paste it from the Internet.” The word “and” should have been “a”. While I was suspicious at first because of how rare Denifle’s book is, I do believe you actually had it and read it.
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raumzeitmc2:
No, I’m not in the least afraid of criticism or facts. We can certainly talk about Denifle, pro and con, till the cows come home. But since you’re convinced that he has nothing of value to offer, I say we just move on.
I think you reluctantly conceded my point about Denifle anyway when you stated “That doesn’t mean I bind myself to his conclusions or approve of his general tone.” If all you want to do is use his book to extract his Luther citations, I can only exhort you to provide contexts for your extracted quotes, and make sure you’ve read and understood the contexts. Linking to Latin or German texts doesn’t help too many people here on the Catholic Answers forums. I suggest you only use quotes with an extant English context. Truth fears no context.
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raumzeitmc2:
I’ve visited your site many times in the past, so I’m well familiar with the material you posted.
The blog is in many ways dedicated to people who quote Luther from secondary sources without first reading the context.
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raumzeitmc2:
But you’re only giving one side of Lortz. I gave another. But perhaps we can reconcile them.
This is untrue, and again I wonder if you’ve actually read what I wrote. I provide a section entitled, “F. Criticism of Luther by Lortz”. In that section I hit all the major points Lortz made:.

Luther being trained in Occamism, was unable to fully understand the scriptures. When Luther attributed error to the Catholic Church, he attributed Occamist theology to her: “Luther rejected a Catholicism which was basically not Catholic."

In trying to fully understand salvation, Luther interpreted the Scriptures according to his own personal interpretation.

Lortz tends to blame Luther for the schism. He refers frequently to Luther’s subjectivism and individualism, his one-sidedness.

Luther wanted to base his theology on Scripture, he was selective: he not only neglected certain truths in his preaching and teaching, but actually simplified and reduced the Scriptural message, of which the Roman Church possessed the fullness.

Luther’s Nominalist education obviated his full appreciation of Thomism and rendered him insensitive to the fullness of the biblical revelation.

Luther’s intense individualism had betrayed him into a misunderstanding of true Catholicism.

I quoted Jared Wicks stating:

“(Lortz) pointed out extremes in Luther, such as a lack of restraint in fulminating against his opponents. Lortz found in Luther an extravagance ill-befitting a teacher submissive to the word of God. Impulsive in interpreting the Scriptures, Luther distorted the full message of the New Testament by subjective selectivity. But there is for Lortz a large reservoir of Catholic content in Luther, and not just in the young Luther. Even the elder Luther, often bitter and crude in attacking the priesthood and papacy, was a teacher of the sovereignty of God, a defender of the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist, and an effective teacher of faith in Christ the Savior. Lortz’s account of Luther was critical, but his criticism was penetrated by amazement over Luther’s pulsating spiritual richness, the wide range of his talents, the vastness of his productive labor for the new community, and the concentration of all his thought on God’s grace revealed in Christ and transmitted by the Gospel. Lortz gave Catholics an image of Luther marked by prophetic greatness.”Jared Wicks, Luther and His Spiritual Legacy, 21

Regards,
James Swan
 
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