I was talking with a Protestant Gentleman the other day and he told me that Sin was Subjective. He pointed to 1st Corinthians 8 and said that to those it was a sin to eat meat sacrificed to idal it was a sin and to those it wasn’t it wasn’t a sin. Hence Sin is Subjective to the person and therefore the Catholic Church shouldn’t be laying these things on people and just let them be. What should I say? Thanks and God bless.
Sin has both objective and subjective elements.
Materially speaking (objective), sin includes the commission or omission of thoughts, words, and deeds contrary to God’s will. That’s not subjective, but applies to all.
Formally speaking (subjective), sin must be voluntary. We might have accidentally or unknowingly acted contrary to God’s will. Insofar as the act was contary to God’s will, it was a sin, objecitvely speaking, but moral acts, what St. Thomas Aquinas calls “human acts” are only those acts with are voluntary. So subjectively speaking, such acts resulting from invincible ignorance, for example, are not sins in the subjective sense.
We are culpable for our sins, insofar as they are voluntary. Many acts are mixed, that is, have some involuntariness and voluntariness associated with them. Sins which are partially involuntary can have diminished culpability, but culpability still remains due to the partially voluntary nature of our act.