How could it be for “all believers” when Jesus specifically requires of those who love Him that they “obey My teaching”?
The reality that St Peter and his successors would teach infallibly is in Christ’s clear mandate:
**You are Peter and on this rock I will build MY Church." (Mt 16:18)
**“The gates of hell will not prevail against it.”(Mt 16:18)
I will give you the keys of the Kingdom of heaven." ( Mt 16:19)
“Whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven.” (Mt 16:19) [Later, also to the Twelve]. [My emphasis]
Why would you want to reject Christ’s clear words of foundation?
How can any of Christ’s teaching be known clearly without His own Church?
Yes, Jesus promised the Holy Spirit for all of those who loved Him. Obeying the commandments is a natural occurrence when one truly loves and accepts Jesus. Those who do not accept Jesus do not have the Holy Spirit and are non-believers.
Matthew 16:18-19 is not a commandment, but a statement. I understand that the Roman Catholic Church accepts the rock/petra to be Peter and have determined that this role grants powers to Peter that are passed down over the years. I am coming from a different denomination and I am not sure if that is exactly what is being said here. I am sorry that this is veering off-topic, but it seems to be coming up a lot. I think it is important to realize that people don’t willfully disobey this commandment (which isn’t given in command form), but view this verse as saying something different.
Wasn’t God the Rock in the OT? - Genesis 49:24, Deuteronomy 32, 1 Samuel 2:2, 2 Samuel 22:32,47, 2 Samuel 23:3, Psalm 18:31,46, Psalm 19:14, Psalm 28:1, Psalm 31:2-3, Psalm 42:9, Psalm 62:2-7, Psalm 71:3, Psalm 78:35, Psalm 89:26, Psalm 92:15, Psalm 94:22, Psalm 95:1, Isaiah 8:14, Isaiah 17:10, Isaiah 26:4, Isaiah 28:16, Isaiah 30:29, Isaiah 44:8, Habakkuk 1:12 - Was Jesus now declaring a Rock outside the trinity? 1 Corinthians 10:4 declares that the spiritual rock that accompanied the Israelites was Jesus. 1 Peter 2 cites passages from Isaiah declaring that Jesus is the cornerstone/rock. Are there 2 rocks in Roman Catholic theology? I had never heard until this past year about putting faith on a rock besides God or Christ Jesus. I am newly learning the differences in Catholic theology.
Did Peter take a position of authority over other apostles? Even if he was mentioned more than the other original 11, this doesn’t give him authority. The player who hits 2 homeruns in every game doesn’t have authority over the one who strikes out every time. (Some apostles mentioned little in the Bible may have achieved great things that were not captured in writing. But even if they didn’t, that doesn’t mean they were the subjects of another apostle). Matthew 23:8-12 gave Jesus an opportunity to explain the hierarchical power in the new kingdom, but he only gave the role “brothers.” Weren’t the apostles frequently arguing about who would be the greatest? (Luke 9:46-48; Luke 22:24-27) Surely they didn’t understand Matthew 16:18 as giving Peter authority over them – and Jesus never corrected them and set forth that Peter was in authority over them.
Early theologians interpreted these verses in different ways. Just a few brief quotes, but there is so much about this:
Some, like Augustine, thought that the rock was Christ – “For before he was called Simon. Now this name of Peter was given him by the Lord, and that in a figure, that he should signify the Church. For seeing that Christ is the rock (Petra), Peter is the Christian people.” – Sermon 26
Some, like Origen said that the rock was Peter, but he was representative for all of the church.
“And if we too have said like Peter, You are the Christ, the Son of the living God, not as if flesh and blood had revealed it unto us, but by light from the Father in heaven having shone in our heart, we become a Peter, and to us there might be said by the Word, You are Peter, etc. Matthew 16:18 For a rock is every disciple of Christ of whom those drank who drank of the spiritual rock which followed them"– Origen Commentary on Matthew Book XII
Tertullian does say that the rock was Peter, but he doesn’t say that that title transfers to the church: “If, because the Lord has said to Peter, “Upon this rock will I build My Church,” “to thee have I given the keys of the heavenly kingdom;” or, “Whatsoever thou shale have bound or loosed in earth, shall be bound or loosed in the heavens,” you therefore presume that the power of binding and loosing has derived to you, that is, to every Church akin to Peter, what sort of man are you, subverting and wholly changing the manifest intention of the Lord, conferring (as that intention did) this (gift) personally upon Peter?” – Tertullian – On Modesty
There are hundreds of quotes, but my point is that the Roman Catholic interpretation of Matthew 16:18 has never been accepted by everyone universally. I have been reading early Christian literature intently and learning about our church history. But, I don’t feel I am disobeying a command by not interpreting Matthew 16:18 to mean I must put faith in the Bishop of Rome.