Does Classical Hebrew have a ‘formal’ “You”?
If you mean Ancient Hebrew and Ancient Aramaic, the answer to the first is yes and not the the second.
Ancient Hebrew was a very formal language. But formal use of pronouns were reserved only for Royalty and High Priests. They were never used for God. You have to remember that the Jews belonged to different traditions: Elohist, Jahwist, etc. The use of pronouns depended on the tradition to which they belonged. The more imminent vision of God (J Tradition) gave birth to a very familiar language between man and God. The more transcendent vision of God (E Tradition) gave birth to a more formal language between man and God.
A special case, as the psalmist, on one level, is Christ addressing His Father, and on another, the Bride addressing her Spouse – Christ.
But the writers of the psalms belonged to the J Tradition. The writiings foreshadow Christ. However, they foreshadow Christ in very anthropomorphic language.
Was that distinction made at this point? I’m not sure. Well He could say say that, couldn’t He?
There are two key points here. First, we do not know how the Johanine authors knew this, since allegedly the Apostles fell asleep. We can only assume that they received this information through tradition. Second, the tradition that was handed down by the Johanine writers was one of familiarity with God, which is consistent with Johanine theology. Observe that the Johanine writings go out of their way to tell us that there was a “beloved” disciple. In other words, Christ was cabable of and allowed for intimate relationship. Intimate relationships imply familiarity and simplicity in speech. In addition, the Johanine authors go out of their way to remind us that God is love. Again, they present us with an image of God who is very accessible. This image encourages familiarity and discourages the formality that was normally found between subjects and monarchs or people and high priests.
A good reason for keeping the Latin…
There are many good reasons for keeping Latin around. But this is not one of them. Ask any Catholic who comes from a non European culture and language. I was a missionary in the Amazon. The European languages, even Latin, are not comprehensible to these language groups. Language comes with a cultural baggage. In teaching the faith to people who are not native speakers of European languages, it makes no difference whether you use Latin, English, Spanish or Russian. There are many words and expressions in these languages that are completely lost on a Hispanic whose first language is Quechua, a Chinese man whose first language is Mandarin or a South African whose first language is Zulu.
To show you how much baggage comes with language I’ll offer this example. In South America, there are still millions of Hispanics and Brazilians who will not speak Spanish or Portugese, because these languages are European. The European languages are often associated with conquest and the destruction of a civilization and culture. The well educated often refer to the destruction and virtual extinction of the indigenous people of North America, Chile, Argentina and Uruguay. It hardens their opposition to the use of European languages in their daily lives. They feel so strongly about this that many countries in South America and Africa have had to change their constitutions to allow for the co-existence of two national languages: a European language and an indigenous language. South Africa has 11 official languages.
I don’t think that we will make a sale in countries where people have very negative and strong feelings about Europe and its culture. We have to remember that most Catholics in the USA, Canada and Australia are of European anscestry. This is not the case for Catholics in other countries. In South America, the more fervent Catholics are the Native Americans, not the white Spanish minority or the Mestizos. The Whites and Mestizos are as luekwarm as the average American, Canadian and European Catholic.
Despite the difference in language, liturgical music and religious art, they are the people who are preserving the Catholic faith in these countries. They are the ones who oppose abortion, birth control, same-sex marraige, and euthanasia. They are the ones who attend daily mass, venerate the Blessed Mother, pray the Rosary, have family prayer, hold beautiful processions with the Blessed Sacrament, have a great love for the Church, practice unquestioning obedience to ecclesial authority, love the saints and are very active in their own evangelization.
Again, while I see many good reasons to keep Latin, I would not push it on these people when there is no need to do so. They are as Catholic as you can be.
This is a little off-topic, but to show how Catholic they are I’ll share an experience I had. The national police in most of these countries is very corrupt. I was stopped by two troopers on my way to a mission station. They wanted money for an infraction that I had not committed, but they alleged that I had. Suddenly, out of no where, there appeared about ten Native Americans holding machetes. The leader said to the two officers, “Don’t touch the Friar.” The officers backed off right away. In the USA, several friars (including me) and lay people were arrested for protesting against abortion. Not a single Catholic rallied to our defense. This happens every day in the USA. The Catholics who rally to the defense of Latin never show up to defend the Church, her clergy and religious when law enforcement acts unjustly toward us. In the USA, Canada, Europe and Australia many Catholics are the first to join in the attack against clergy and religious.
We have much more to worry about than pronouns.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF
