Re: Paul’s sword, since it came up –
Pictures of Paul carry a sword, because Paul (as was his right as a Roman citizen) was beheaded, instead of being crucified like Peter and the other Christians caught during the big Nero funfest of persecution.
This sort of thing is very common in iconography. Just as the Cross became holy to us because Jesus used it for our salvation and His glory, so the martyrs became glorious through the instruments of their martyrdoms. So most martyrs have a weapon somewhere in their pictures, not for their use but from being used upon them. It’s not really about Paul conquering vast tracts of land for the faith; it’s about Paul having the sword used on him, and thereby conquering in Jesus Christ.