I am attempting, at the request of a non-Catholic family member, to prepare a list of scriptural passages which support the idea that Christ established a Church with a teaching authority, excersised by bishops, in succession from the apostles.
What I have so far:
In Matthew 23:2-3, Jesus clearly endorses the idea that the scribes and Pharisees possessed an authority which even his disciples were to submit to because they sat on the chair of Moses. This idea of a teaching authority illuminates Jesus’ granting of the authority to “bind and loose” in Matthew 16 and 18 and John 20:22-23.
In writing to Timothy about the offices of bishops and deacons, Paul refers to the Church as “the pillar and foundation of truth.” (I Timothy 3:15). He then proceeds to tell Timothy that through his ordination, “the imposition of hands of the presbyterate,” Timothy received a gift of teaching which he should not neglect. (4:14). in 2 Timothy, Paul again reminds Timothy of the “gift of God that you have through the imposition of my hands,” (1:6) and instructs him to “Guard this rich trust with the help of the holy Spirit that dwells within us.” (1:14)
Paul calls bishops God’s stewards in Titus 1:7, and entrusts Titus with the job of appointing prebyters in every town in Crete. and admonishing the Cretans for their failings. (1:5, 13) Titus is to “exhort and correct with all authority.” (2:15) Titus, as bishop, also has the authority to excommunicate heretics (3:10).
Furthermore, Paul commands the church at Thessalonica to "respect those who are laboring among you and who are over you in the Lord and who admonish you, and to show esteem for them with special love on account of their work. (I Thess. 5:12-13).
Are there any significant passages I am leaving out? Any help would be appreciated.