“Sabbath” just means “a time of rest” - it has nothing to do with any particular day of the week. We celebrate our Sabbath on Sunday, because it is the Lord’s Day, and Resurrection Day. We rest from all servile labour, and take time for family, as well as going to Mass on that day.
As I understand it, Muslims celebrate the Sabbath on Fridays, do they not? And Jews celebrate it on Saturdays, for the seventh day of Creation.
There are also seventh-year Sabbaths that last all year, and 50th year Sabbaths, which are also called Jubilee Years.
Thanks for correcting me!
Muslims don’t celebrate the Sabbath, a Sabbath, or anything like a Sabbath.
Friday is the day of
jumu’ah, the day of congregational prayer. It is obligatory to attend the congregational mid-day prayer, which consists of listening to a sermon followed by a 2-rak’ah prayer aloud in congregation, and this is in place of the normal daily mid-day prayer, which has 4-rak’ah silent prayer.
But it is not a day of rest. The Qur’an says about Jumu’ah: (In Surah Jumu’ah, 62:9-10)
O you who believe (Muslims)! **When the call is proclaimed
for the Salat (prayer) on the day of Friday (Jumu’ah prayer), come to the remembrance of Allah **[Jumu’ah religious talk (Khutbah) and Salat (prayer)]
and leave off business (and every other thing), that is better for you if you did but know!
And** when the prayer has been concluded, disperse within the land and seek from the bounty of Allah** , and remember Allah often that you may succeed.
Basically you can go about your business and work until the adhan (call to prayer) is made for that prayer on Fridays, then stop working, go listen to the reminder and pray, and then you can return to your business.