Dear Warriorrose,
It is a breath of fresh air to read posts like yours. How many people know what is sin today and how many do not even care? So, to read your post is a balm to anybody’s soul.
To answer your question, I will refer to the Catechism of the CC. It is highly preferable that all of us read this book, it is chock full of gems. As far as the chapter of sin goes, I use it sometimes as an examination of conscience. So here goes…
1857- For a sin to be mortal, three conditions must together be met: “Mortal sin is sin whose object is grave matter and which is also committed with full knowledge and deliberate consent.”
1859- Mortal sin requires full knowledge and cpmplete consent. It presupposes knowledge of the sinful character of the act, of its opposition to God’s law. It also implies a consent sufficiently deliberate to be a personal choice. Feigned ignorance and hardness of heart do not diminish, but rather increase, the voluntary character of sin.
1858- Grave matter is specified by the Ten Commandments, corresponding to the answer of Jesus to the rich young man: “Do not kill, do not commit adultery, do not steal, do not bear false witness, do not defraud, honor your mother and your father.” The gravity of sins is more or less great: murder is greater than theft. One must also take into account who is wronged: violence against parents is in itself graver than violence against a stranger.
1861- Mortal sin is a radical possiblity of human freedom, as is love itself. It results in the loss of charity and the privation of sanctifying grace, that is, of the state of grace. If it is not redeemed by repentance and God’s forgiveness, it causes exclusion from Christ’s kingdom and the eternal death of hell, for our freedom has the power to make choices for ever, with no turning back. However, although we can judge that an act is in itself a grave offense, we must entrust judgment of persons to the justice of God.
1866- vices can be classified according to the virtues they oppose, or also be linked to the capital sins which Christian experience has distinguished. They are called capital because they engender other sins, other vices. They are pride, avarice, envy, wrath, lust, gluttony, and sloth.
1868- Sin is a personla act. Moreover, we have a responisbility fo rthe isns committed by others when we cooperate in them:
By participating directly and voluntarily in them by ordering, advising, praising, or approving them by not disclosing or not hindering them when we have the obligation to do so by protecting evil-doers.
to be contined… Shoshana