The Lambeth Conference of 1930 (yes, the Anglican Church). These conferences are the assemblies by invitation of the bishops of the Church. The 1930 conference was the 7th one. It approved contraception ‘under limited circumstances’. And once it approved, most other Protestant churches followed its lead.
Contraceptives have been available for a long time–well prior to 1930, depending on the methods.
Interestingly enough just 10 years earlier at the 6th conference the bishops had this to say about contraception:
The Conference’s uncompromising and unqualified rejection of all forms of artificial contraception, even within marriage, was contained in Resolution 68, which said, in part:
"
We utter an emphatic warning against the use of unnatural means for the avoidance of conception, together with the grave dangers - physical, moral and religious - thereby incurred, and against the evils with which the extension of such use threatens the race. In opposition to the teaching which, under the name of science and religion, encourages married people in the deliberate cultivation of sexual union as an end in itself, we steadfastly uphold what must always be regarded as the governing considerations of Christian marriage. One is the primary purpose for which marriage exists, namely the continuation of the race through the gift and heritage of children; the other is the paramount importance in married life of deliberate and thoughtful self-control."
A mere 10 years later came the first ‘crack’.
28 years later In 1958 the conference “called for respect for the consciences of married couples who use birth control”.
It is also interesting that while in 1948, arguments to ordain a woman
dismissed the need for further examination of women’s ordination
, a mere 20 years later, the conference recommended women in the diaconate and found arguments against female clergy ‘inconclusive’.
It is especially interesting to see how things which are decried in the strongest possible language at one time are permitted in 10 to 20 years, and LAUDED in another 10 to 20.
1920: Contraception abhored.
1930: Contraception to be permitted in a limited basis.
1968: Contraception a matter of 'individual conscience.
2008: Contraception a done deal, anyone, anytime, anywhere, any reason.