Thank you for the examples, but is there a definitive list?
No, there isn’t a definitive list. As I said before, we accept all the Bible to be correct unless we have good reason to believe otherwise through additional revelation that the Lord has given to us today—and those instances are not many. The corrections made in the Bible by the JST (which are quite numerous) do not so much contradict what it contains, as add additional material to it that enhance and clarify its meaning. There may be other errors that we are not yet aware of because the Lord has not yet revealed to us enough information to enable us to make that determination.
Second, if they’re not significant regarding the fundamentals this prompts me to ask more questions.
- how does this show that the church became apostate? (if at all)
By the Apostasy we mean the loss of the divine authority and priesthood of the Church. It is clear to us that that authority was lost to the Christian church early on, because after the death of the Apostles the church was no longer being led by revelation from the Lord as the early church used to be, and also the institution of the Twelve Apostles disappeared with keys of the kingdom that they once possessed. All of these have now been restored to earth in this dispensation of the gospel, and are fully functional in only one church in the world, and that is the LDS Church.
a) do you have any idea of when the errors came in?
We believe it happened very early on in the history of the church. Our source of information for that is the Book of Mormon. You will find it here:
scriptures.lds.org/en/search?search=1+Nephi+13%3A20-34&do=Search
b) and why … considering Jesus predicted that the church would not fail
You are referring to Matthew 16:18. It did not fail. It all depends on how you want to define “church”. The word “church” has several different meanings. It can refer to a place of worship. It can be defined sacramentally, and refer to the organizational structure, and the priesthood and ecclesiastical hierarchy and of the church. Or it can be defined as the body of people that believe in Christ (which is its original etymological meaning). If you do a search in Google, using the search term: “define: church” (without the quotation marks), you will get that particular definition coming up most often. In that sense of the term, it did not fail, because there have always been good, faithful, and believing Christians in the world. Even if you define the word “church” sacramentally, it still did not fail. There was a break, a gap, a hiatus between the Apostasy and the Restoration, during which the divine authority, the ecclesiastical legitimacy, the sacramental validity, and the priestly power of the church was lost. (This event is described in chapter 12 of the book of Revelation as the “woman”—which signifies the church—being driven “into the wilderness”.) But that was temporary. With the Restoration, all of that has now been restored; and with the “keys of the kingdom” being restored, the sacraments can now be performed not only for the living, but also vicariously in behalf of the dead, so that none of the faithful Christians that have ever lived in the world after the Apostasy need loose any of the eternal blessings that they were worthy to receive.
- how was Joseph Smith qualified to make such a translation?
Because he was a prophet of the Lord, and commanded of God to do so.
- if he was commanded by God to do this, why didn’t he finish it?
Because it was not the will of the Lord that he should finish it. God has revealed through him the basic information and additional scripture that was required to build and establish the Church in our time. But the promise of the Lord is that as the Church grows and progresses, many more scripture and divine truth will be revealed in due course to enable it to progress further and move forward the kingdom of God on earth. The LDS Church is a living, breathing organism that is constantly maturing and developing as it progresses. Many promises have been made in modern scripture about many ancient scriptural records that are yet to be revealed to the Church; and they will be revealed in the due time of the Lord when He determines that time is right to reveal them. In the mean time we make do with what we have got.
zerinus