Patrick-
You are conflagrating several issues. Priesthood Authority is the authority to perform certain ordinances of the Gospel (such as baptism, sacrement/communion, ordaining priests, etc…). Furthermore, the Apostacy came about as a result of a loss of authoritative priests. However, this does not mean these men did not have the best intentions, and that God did not use them to compile the Bible as we have it. It also doesn’t mean they didn’t take plain and precious parts out of it (per the former posting regarding missing scripture) or add parts to it (such as Revelation 22:18).
Finally, your analogy is not valid. Since Joseph Smith is de facto the writer of the current B of M (from our perspective, translated from ancient source), he would be considered a First Hand Witness of the Account, usually considered to be necessary to be authoritative and canon. A more accurate analogy would be if the Catholic Church were to accept the Book of Mormon (not a bad thought really) they would recognize Joseph Smith as a Prophet, but would perhaps not recognize the organization of the B of M into chapter and verse by subsequent people.
Majick-
I would concede that most of what you say is true. The Church per se is not in the business of sophistry. The base arguement of the Church is that sophistry is what got us in this position (the apostacy) in the first place. Nevertheless, to say the LDS have not gone out of their way to learn whereof they speak, that is just silly. As a missionary, it takes no time for a person to recognize ignorance. If you wish to think the LDS are poor apologetists, fine with me.
I would have difficulty finding the sources, but I have been taught that as the Second Coming of Christ approaches, more and more proofs of the Book of Mormon would come out, that other Scriptures from other of the Lost Tribes of Israel would arise, and that from strictly defined logic the evidence would be irrefutable, and, the teaching continues, the Gospel would still be rejected.
So, regarding the chiasmus. Yes, your understanding of chiasmus is correct. And yes, it was known of the authors you mentioned. However, LDS do not paint this as something ‘unique’ amoungst Hebrew writers but do point out that Chiasmus was not discovered by scholars in the Bible until the mid 18th century, and then the scholarship into Biblical Chiasmus was a paper written in latin. One can make ad hominem attacks on Jeff Lindsay’s website, but he is only passing on the apologetics of others. Here is a web-site for those who want to get caught up,
jefflindsay.com/chiasmus.shtml. In summary, it was not common knowledge in the 1820s of the presence of large volumes of chiasmus in the scripture, yet, as John Welch, addresses, it is possible for Joseph Smith to have been aware of chiasmus. Given the vast amount of the Book of Mormon written in this form, it is in my opinion, inconceivable that if Joseph Smith put in the effort to write these complex forms, that he would then keep silent on this. No one was aware of these forms in the B of M until the 1960s. Does this prove the B of M true? No. Nothing can, except a testimony of the Holy Ghost. Nevertheless, for those seeking a reason to believe, this does give an inquiring mind pause for thought.