*What is your experience like confessing to your Bishop. do you have a prayer that you start with? *
I have some experience with this, both as one who was in a bishopric and officiated in “courts of love”, and as one who has confessed to the bishop.
Whether or not to start with a prayer is completely up to the bishop. Mine did not start with a prayer. Others may do so.
A “court of love” (church court) is different and more structured and formal. A court of love, at the ward level, is officiated by the three members of the bishopric comprising a tribunal and sometimes with the addition of a secretary or ward clerk. The “court of love” always (in my experience) begins with a prayer. The bishop typically offers a prayer that the Lord will impart peace to the offender and give him (or her) the courage to “come clean” about his or her offenses.
The biggest difference I can note between LDS confession and Catholic confession is that the LDS bishop will ask the one confessing to name any others that were involved in the sin. For instance, if a member comes in to confess sexual sin, the bishop will ask them to name the other party (or parties), so that the bishop can call those other persons in and get them to confess as well. That would never happen when confessing to a Catholic priest.
*Do you have an examination of conscience prior? *
Not in the formal sense that Catholics understand, but since confessing to the bishop is only for extremely serious sins, any LDS who confesses voluntarily has undoubtedly examined his conscience.
*Does your congregation all go together on the same day or at certain times? *
For the LDS, confession to the bishop is only done for extremely serious sins. There is no regular time set aside for confessions like in the Catholic faith. When you need to confess to the LDS bishop, you contact him and schedule an interview. Confession to the bishop is rare compared to Catholic confession to a priest.
*Does your Bishop help you get it all out when you go in? *
The LDS are taught that the bishop has the “gift of discernment”. That is, he can sort of read your mind and know what your sins are before you tell him. Therefore, the LDS do not dare to hold anything back, because they assume that the bishop will know if they do. If the bishop suspects that the penitent is holding anything back, he will usually probe until it is all out. Also, it was my experience that Mormons will often report sinful conduct they have seen or heard about to a member of the bishopric or other leader, so that the bishop has a good deal of intel about what the members are up to.
*Do you have to go into detail? *
Yes, graphic detail. Sometimes creepy detail.
*A prayer that you end with? *
Again, it is up to the bishop, but it is recommended that he pray with the penitent after the confession. In church courts, we always ended with a prayer, and sometimes with a blessing on the penitent using the laying on of hands. Much of this depends on whether the person came to the church court willingly and with a repentent attitude, or whether he was summoned and unrepentent.
It is up to the bishop.
*Who does your Bishop confess to as the mediator when he needs to go? *
It is my understanding that a bishop would confess to his stake president. Of course, if a bishop did something that would make it necessary for him to confess to his stake president, he may be released from his calling as bishop.
What type of penance might you receive?
Again, because confession to the bishop nearly always involves extremely serious sin, the bishop (or the bishopric in the case of a church court) will often put the penitent on a “repentance program”, which may include disfellowship or excommunication, with certain tasks to be performed, and periodic reporting back to the bishop. The bishop will monitor the penitent for a length of time (again it is up to the bishop’s discretion) to make sure he has truly repented and does not re-offend.
The severity of discipline (i.e.: repentance program or disfellowship or excommunication) will often depend on how truly repentent the person is. A person who comes to the bishop voluntarily and expresses true remorse will usually get off relatively light. And this is, of course, how it should be.
Hope this helps.
Paul
Edit: Remember that all my LDS experience was before 1987. Things may be different now.