(continued from post #779)
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This is a verse where the English is not enough, one needs to parse the Greek.
Once I’ve done that, the first thing I always do is grab the appropriate volume of Robertson off the bookshelf and see what he says:Repent ye (metanohsate).
First aorist (ingressive) active imperative. Change your mind and your life. Turn right about and do it now. You
crucified this Jesus. Now
crown him in your hearts as Lord and Christ. This first.
And be baptized every one of you (kai baptisqhtw ekastoß –mwn). Rather, “And let each one of you be baptized.” Change of number from plural to singular and of person from second to third. This change marks a break in the thought here that the English translation does not preserve. The first thing to do is make a radical and complete change of heart and life. Then let each one be baptized after this change has taken place, and the act of baptism be performed “in the name of Jesus Christ”
(en twi onomati Ihsou Cristou). In accordance with the command of Jesus in Matthew 28:19
(eiß to onoma). No distinction is to be insisted on between
eiß to onoma and **en twi onomati **with **baptizw **since **eiß **and **en **are really the same word in origin. In Acts 10:48 **en twi onomati Ihsou Cristou **occurs, but **eiß **to **onoma **in Acts 8:16; Acts 19:5. The use of **onoma **means in the name or with the authority of one as **eis onoma prophtou **(Matthew 10:41) as a prophet, in the name of a prophet. In the Acts the full name of the Trinity does not occur in baptism as in Matthew 28:19, but this does not show that it was not used. The name of Jesus Christ is the distinctive one in Christian baptism and really involves the Father and the Spirit. See on “Mt 28:19” for discussion of this point. “Luke does not give the form of words used in baptism by the Apostles, but merely states the fact that they baptized those who acknowledged Jesus as Messiah or as Lord” (Page).
Unto the remission of your sins (eiß apesin twn amartiwn –mwn). This phrase is the subject of endless controversy as men look at it from the standpoint of sacramental or of evangelical theology. In themselves the words can express aim or purpose for that use of **eißdoes exist as in 1 Corinthians 2:7
eiß doxan hmwn (for our glory). But then another usage exists which is just as good Greek as the use of
eiß for aim or purpose. It is seen in Matthew 10:41 in three examples
eiß onoma prophtou, dikaiou, maqhtou where it cannot be purpose or aim, but rather the basis or ground, on the basis of the name of prophet, righteous man, disciple, because one is, etc. It is seen again in Matthew 12:41 about the preaching of Jonah
(eiß to khrugma Iwna). They repented because of (or at) the preaching of Jonah. The illustrations of both usages are numerous in the N.T. and the Koin‚ generally (Robertson, Grammar, p. 592). One will decide the use here according as he believes that baptism is essential to the remission of sins or not. My view is decidedly against the idea that Peter, Paul, or any one in the New Testament taught baptism as essential to the remission of sins or the means of securing such remission. So I understand Peter to be urging baptism on each of them who had already turned (repented) and for it to be done in the name of Jesus Christ on the basis of the forgiveness of sins which they had already received.
The gift of the Holy Ghost (thn dwrean tou agiou pneumatoß). The gift consists (Acts 8:17) in the Holy Spirit (genitive of identification).
Word Pictures in the New Testament,** A.T. Robertson; Vol III, pp 34-36.Robertson’s conclusion is that one’s understanding of baptism—whether they believe it remits sins or not—will determine their interpretation of the passage.
I agree with him.
I find that the clear pattern in the entire book of Acts regarding baptism is illustrated in Acts 2:38.
The pattern is Repent, Believe in the name of Jesus, be baptized
because of the forgiveness of sins in the name of Jesus (and all that name entails).
This is seen most clearly in the conversion of Cornelius and his family (Acts 10:44ff), and in Paul’s conversion (Acts 9).
Yes they did, and, IMO, that is the most unified, unanimous, and least contested teaching of the Church up to the reformation.
I think that teaching is the result of the post-apostolic Church’s wrong belief that she replaced Israel, and inherited all of the promises God made exclusively to Israel, and in error, she modeled herself, her liturgy etc. after the OT covenant rather than the NT covenant.
I find it very interesting that many of the early Church fathers, who spoke Greek as their
first language (Justin Martyr, Irenaeus) and whose Greek was practically the same as the Greek of the New Testament, and who lived less the a century after the New Testament was completed somehow did not get this and unanimously believed in baptismal regeneration. I also find it interesting that there is not a single respectable translation of the Bible - which involves scholars in Biblical languages - that reflects this interpretation.
There are also covenentl Protestant theologians who have rejected baptismal regeneration - before dispensationalism began in the mid-nineteenth century. I wonder why there were no dissenters among the early Church Fathers. Nor do I see how baptismal regeneration has anything with believing that the Church replaced Israel. When discussing baptism, the early Church father cited
New Testament passages to support their claim.
God bless,
Michael