The Gospel and Hell

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If a person of the age of reason - an adult of average IQ all things being equal reads the New Testament rejects our Lord - and dies - will our Lord condemn that person? This person accepts ideas from Heidegger, and Hegel and Sartre and other corruption.

If He does not because the person is deemed not to know enough based on his reading the Gospel… how are those who have read the Gospel and accept Jesus as Lord deemed capable of accepting our Lord?

I think some rotten Catholics run around proclaiming the Gospel knowing the non-Christian will reject it on the malicious basis of trying to send that person to hell. But is that why Catholics do not openly preach the Gospel any more?

For example: I know there are many “hidden” Christians among the Jews - some because they secretly proselytize other just because they like “being” Jewish. So do we not proselytize just because of the accusation of antisemitism? I’m assuming no doubt there are “hidden” Christian muslims - particularly since they kill apostates. :eek:
 
If a person of the age of reason - an adult of average IQ all things being equal reads the New Testament rejects our Lord - and dies - will our Lord condemn that person? This person accepts ideas from Heidegger, and Hegel and Sartre and other corruption.
Not if that person is sincere.
If He does not because the person is deemed not to know enough based on his reading the Gospel… how are those who have read the Gospel and accept Jesus as Lord deemed capable of accepting our Lord?
They appreciate the wisdom and profundity of His moral teaching which is inseparable from the way He lived and died.
I think some rotten Catholics run around proclaiming the Gospel knowing the non-Christian will reject it on the malicious basis of trying to send that person to hell.
Unsubstantiated assertion.
But is that why Catholics do not openly preach the Gospel any more?
We live in a secular society in which evangelists are viewed with suspicion and often identified with extremists.
[For example: I know there are many “hidden” Christians among the Jews - some because they secretly proselytize other just because they like “being” Jewish. So do we not proselytize just because of the accusation of antisemitism? I’m assuming no doubt there are “hidden” Christian muslims - particularly since they kill apostates.
Unsubstantiated assertion.
[/quote]
 
I think some rotten Catholics run around proclaiming the Gospel knowing the non-Christian will reject it on the malicious basis of trying to send that person to hell. are “hidden”
I’m at a complete loss as to where you got that idea. Care to share?
 
Not if that person is sincere.
They appreciate the wisdom and profundity of His moral teaching which is inseparable from the way He lived and died.
Unsubstantiated assertion.
We live in a secular society in which evangelists are viewed with suspicion and often identified with extremists.

Unsubstantiated assertion.
Could you explain about your first answer when you say ‘Not if that person is sincere’. If they sincerely reject Jesus, they still have a chance at eternal life? I’m confused…

Thanks.
 
Could you explain about your first answer when you say ‘Not if that person is sincere’. If they sincerely reject Jesus, they still have a chance at eternal life? I’m confused…

Thanks.
It depends on what exactly they reject and why. If a person is honestly seeking truth (recall that God is Truth), but because of logical errors on their part, or prejudice against the truth instilled through no fault of their own, rejects that the Gospel events really happened, then that is not necessarily damning. Again, remember that Jesus is the Word, the Logos. It is possible to incorrectly reject that the Word became flesh and dwelt among us without altogether rejecting the Word itself.

Of course, if a person sincerely and totally rejects God as He is - not just God as this person thinks Him to be, but actually sincerely rejects Goodness and Truth itself - well, that person should try to avoid dying. But that need not be built into a rejection of Christianity. For instance, many atheists conceptualize the Christian concept of God as some sort of bearded space fairy, and reject that conceptualization. But God is not a bearded space fairy, and so rejecting that concept is both correct and not actually rejecting God.
 
I am confused about your views here. Perhaps you can explain it a bit more?
It depends on what exactly they reject and why. If a person is honestly seeking truth (recall that God is Truth), but because of logical errors on their part, or prejudice against the truth instilled through no fault of their own, rejects that the Gospel events really happened, then that is not necessarily damning. Again, remember that Jesus is the Word, the Logos. It is possible to incorrectly reject that the Word became flesh and dwelt among us without altogether rejecting the Word itself.
Can you give an example? If belief in “Word became flesh and dwelt among us” is a dogma of the Creed how can rejection of this not be culpable? A fundamental doctrine of the faith is that Jesus did take on the human form and came to Earth. A Jesus without this aspect is meaningless. Either He was not then fully human or He did not come into the world, or both.
"Of course, if a person sincerely and totally rejects God as He is - not just God as this person thinks Him to be, but actually sincerely rejects Goodness and Truth itself - well, that person should try to avoid dying.
I am confused by the word “totally”. Can one reject by 30%? 67% When is it culpable? How many dogmatic doctrines can be partially accepted before the tipping point is reached?

But that need not be built into a rejection of Christianity. For instance, many atheists conceptualize the Christian concept of God as some sort of bearded space fairy, and reject that conceptualization. But God is not a bearded space fairy, and so rejecting that concept is both correct and not actually rejecting God.

Since rejection of Christianity implies rejection of the true doctrines of the faith, how is that applicable? How does not believing what is untrue say anything either in rejection of or belief in the Truth of Christianity?

How does the grace and the work of the Holy Spirit enter into the issue?

:confused:
 
I am confused about your views here. Perhaps you can explain it a bit more?

Can you give an example? If belief in “Word became flesh and dwelt among us” is a dogma of the Creed how can rejection of this not be culpable? A fundamental doctrine of the faith is that Jesus did take on the human form and came to Earth. A Jesus without this aspect is meaningless. Either He was not then fully human or He did not come into the world, or both.
Rejecting a dogma is certainly grave matter, but recall that that is only 1 of the 3 conditions of mortal sin. If a person achieves baptism by desire and either does not commit any mortal sins or achieves perfect contrition when he does, then he can still be ok. That is of course not something to be relied upon - measuring such things as baptism by desire and perfect contrition is beyond us. But it is a possibility.

Culpability is a fact about us, a measure of guilt for an action. It’s not something that applies to what we do, but rather to us concerning what we do and why we do it - I may be fully culpable for a gravely wrong act, making it a mortal sin, or I may be partially culpable, perhaps reducing it to a venial sin or possibly to not being a sin at all. We may commit grave matter, but not be completely culpable for it, so while rejecting that God became Man is grave matter, the possibility remains that a particular person not be culpable for this rejection.
I am confused by the word “totally”. Can one reject by 30%? 67% When is it culpable? How many dogmatic doctrines can be partially accepted before the tipping point is reached?
Again, whether or not one is culpable depends on interior things. I used the word totally because it is possible to explicitly set oneself against Goodness, against God, to reject Him and the grace He offers (Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit). This is a sin for which one is always culpable, since it can’t be done by accident or out of ignorance, and would constitute 100% rejection of God. That is what I mean by total. Rejecting dogmas is again grave matter and thus dangerous, but it need not be identical to this total rejection, no matter how many dogmas are rejected. It CAN be. But it doesn’t have to be. And of course total rejection can happen while believing all the true dogmas - even demons believe and tremble.
But that need not be built into a rejection of Christianity. For instance, many atheists conceptualize the Christian concept of God as some sort of bearded space fairy, and reject that conceptualization. But God is not a bearded space fairy, and so rejecting that concept is both correct and not actually rejecting God.
Since rejection of Christianity implies rejection of the true doctrines of the faith, how is that applicable? How does not believing what is untrue say anything either in rejection of or belief in the Truth of Christianity?

How does the grace and the work of the Holy Spirit enter into the issue?

:confused:

Again, rejecting a dogma is grave matter. The question is when that becomes mortal sin, or when it morphs into totally explicitly rejecting Goodness itself (the sin of sins).

The grace of the Holy Spirit moves us towards truth if we allow it, but I think saying that only damnation is possible before it has moved us to the point were we accept all dogmas, while ignoring interior dispositions and reasons and the like, is, I think, to oversimplify things.
 
It depends on what exactly they reject and why. If a person is honestly seeking truth (recall that God is Truth), but because of logical errors on their part, or prejudice against the truth instilled through no fault of their own, rejects that the Gospel events really happened, then that is not necessarily damning. Again, remember that Jesus is the Word, the Logos. It is possible to incorrectly reject that the Word became flesh and dwelt among us without altogether rejecting the Word itself.

Of course, if a person sincerely and totally rejects God as He is - not just God as this person thinks Him to be, but actually sincerely rejects Goodness and Truth itself - well, that person should try to avoid dying. But that need not be built into a rejection of Christianity. For instance, many atheists conceptualize the Christian concept of God as some sort of bearded space fairy, and reject that conceptualization. But God is not a bearded space fairy, and so rejecting that concept is both correct and not actually rejecting God.
I apologize for my lack of understanding. Maybe there is reference to this in the Catechism? I guess one of the main problems I have is how to reconcile what’s being said to what Jesus himself said. I understand this as if you reject Jesus, you reject God the Father? And, the only way to eternal life is through Jesus?

John 14:6 (NRSVCE)

6 Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.

85.Luke 10:16
“Whoever listens to you listens to me, and whoever rejects you rejects me, and whoever rejects me rejects the one who sent me.”

89.John 12:48
The one who rejects me and does not receive my word has a judge; on the last day the word that I have spoken will serve as judge,

So, I’m struggling with understanding this… Do you believe you can reject Jesus and still have eternal life? (thanks for your patients!)

SJ
 
Rejecting a dogma is certainly grave matter, but recall that that is only 1 of the 3 conditions of mortal sin. If a person achieves baptism by desire and either does not commit any mortal sins or achieves perfect contrition when he does, then he can still be ok. That is of course not something to be relied upon - measuring such things as baptism by desire and perfect contrition is beyond us. But it is a possibility.
How is this view reconciled with:
“Cardinal Avery Dulles explains the present meaning of the term:
In current Catholic usage, the term “dogma” means a divinely revealed truth, proclaimed as such by the infallible teaching authority of the Church, and hence binding on all the faithful without exception, now and forever. [The Survival of Dogma, 153].
http://www.ncregister.com/blog/jimmy-akin/what-are-dogma-doctrine-and-theology#ixzz30wn808Ab

Doesn’t this imply that the mere knowledge that the belief is dogma requires faithful adherence?
Culpability is a fact about us, a measure of guilt for an action. It’s not something that applies to what we do, but rather to us concerning what we do and why we do it - I may be fully culpable for a gravely wrong act, making it a mortal sin, or I may be partially culpable, perhaps reducing it to a venial sin or possibly to not being a sin at all. We may commit grave matter, but not be completely culpable for it, so while rejecting that God became Man is grave matter, the possibility remains that a particular person not be culpable for this rejection.
How then would you respond to this forum item?
“Quote:
…However, a Catholic does not incur sin solely by disagreeing with Church teaching. However, there are a number of conditions for this disbelief to not incur sin. First, he must recognize that his disbelief is a flaw that should be corrected (in other words, he must realize that the Church is right, even if he cannot bring himself to believe today). He must make a sincere effort to reform his beliefs (maybe by talking to his pastor or visiting here), and be open to what he learns… He may not advocate or teach his contrary belief.”
Again, whether or not one is culpable depends on interior things. I used the word totally because it is possible to explicitly set oneself against Goodness, against God, to reject Him and the grace He offers (Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit). This is a sin for which one is always culpable, since it can’t be done by accident or out of ignorance, and would constitute 100% rejection of God.
Isn’t the Holy Spirit responsible for the revelation of these infallible dogmatic beliefs? Isn’t this rejection of dogma therefore a rejection of the Holy Spirit?
Again, rejecting a dogma is grave matter. The question is when that becomes mortal sin, or when it morphs into totally explicitly rejecting Goodness itself (the sin of sins).
The grace of the Holy Spirit moves us towards truth if we allow it, but I think saying that only damnation is possible before it has moved us to the point were we accept all dogmas, while ignoring interior dispositions and reasons and the like, is, I think, to oversimplify things.
Aren’t we called to acceptance? Isn’t this an uncompromising statement of the Church?

Quote: Further, all those things are to be believed with divine and Catholic faith which are contained in the Word of God, written or handed down, and which the Church, either by a solemn judgment, or by her ordinary and universal magisterium, proposes for belief as having been divinely revealed. **And since, without faith, it is impossible to please God, and to attain to the fellowship of his children, therefore without faith no one has ever attained justification, nor will any one obtain eternal life unless he shall have persevered in faith unto the end **(Dogmatic Decrees of the Vatican Council, On Faith, Chapter III. Found in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom (New York:Harper, 1877), Volume II, pp. 244-245).

Thank you for your help!
 
If a person of the age of reason - an adult of average IQ all things being equal reads the New Testament rejects our Lord - and dies - will our Lord condemn that person? This person accepts ideas from Heidegger, and Hegel and Sartre and other corruption.
“Everyone who acknowledges me before others I will acknowledge before my heavenly Father. But whoever denies me before others, I will deny before my heavenly Father.” Matthew 10:32-33

“He who believes and is baptized will be saved; he who does not believe will be condemned.” Mark 16:16

“If we have died with him we shall also live with him; if we persevere we shall also reign with him. But if we deny him he will deny us.” 2nd Timothy 2:11-12
 
How is this view reconciled with:
“Cardinal Avery Dulles explains the present meaning of the term:
In current Catholic usage, the term “dogma” means a divinely revealed truth, proclaimed as such by the infallible teaching authority of the Church, and hence binding on all the faithful without exception, now and forever. …”

Doesn’t this imply that the mere knowledge that the belief is dogma requires faithful adherence?



Isn’t the Holy Spirit responsible for the revelation of these infallible dogmatic beliefs? Isn’t this rejection of dogma therefore a rejection of the Holy Spirit?

Aren’t we called to acceptance? Isn’t this an uncompromising statement of the Church?

Quote: Further, all those things are to be believed with divine and Catholic faith which are contained in the Word of God, written or handed down, and which the Church, either by a solemn judgment, or by her ordinary and universal magisterium, proposes for belief as having been divinely revealed. **And since, without faith, it is impossible to please God, and to attain to the fellowship of his children, therefore without faith no one has ever attained justification, nor will any one obtain eternal life unless he shall have persevered in faith unto the end **(Dogmatic Decrees of the Vatican Council, On Faith, Chapter III. Found in Philip Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom (New York:Harper, 1877), Volume II, pp. 244-245).

Thank you for your help!
As to whether rejecting these truths is rejecting the Holy Spirit - that depends on how the Holy Spirit is working within us. It can be, but it can also be that the Holy Spirit is leading us towards truth and that while we are trying to follow, we’re just going slow or not very good at it. Or it could be that the Holy spirt has led us to truth and we just flat out rejected it - this would be more serious. But it all depends.

All of what you said about dogma being necessarily true and requiring the full consent of faith is absolutely true, and implies that rejecting dogma is grave matter.

That means that if we do it with full knowledge and full consent of will, it is a mortal sin and will send us to hell if not forgiven via confession or perfect contrition.

But full knowledge and full consent of will can be absent.

Again, there is absolutely no contradiction here with statements saying that dogma is divinely revealed truth, or that we must adhere to it. I am not saying that it is “ok” to reject dogma. I’m saying that if you do it lacking full knowledge and full consent of will, then you’ve done something that is objectively gravely wrong, but may not be a mortal sin.

I offer two passages from the Catechism:
1790 A human being must always obey the certain judgment of his conscience. If he were deliberately to act against it, he would condemn himself. Yet it can happen that moral conscience remains in ignorance and makes erroneous judgments about acts to be performed or already committed.
1791 This ignorance can often be imputed to personal responsibility. This is the case when a man "takes little trouble to find out what is true and good, or when conscience is by degrees almost blinded through the habit of committing sin."59 In such cases, the person is culpable for the evil he commits.
1792 Ignorance of Christ and his Gospel, bad example given by others, enslavement to one’s passions, assertion of a mistaken notion of autonomy of conscience, rejection of the Church’s authority and her teaching, lack of conversion and of charity: these can be at the source of errors of judgment in moral conduct.
1793 If - on the contrary - the ignorance is invincible, or the moral subject is not responsible for his erroneous judgment, the evil committed by the person cannot be imputed to him. It remains no less an evil, a privation, a disorder. One must therefore work to correct the errors of moral conscience
And more directly related:
“Outside the Church there is no salvation”
846 How are we to understand this affirmation, often repeated by the Church Fathers?335 Re-formulated positively, it means that all salvation comes from Christ the Head through the Church which is his Body:
Basing itself on Scripture and Tradition, the Council teaches that the Church, a pilgrim now on earth, is necessary for salvation: the one Christ is the mediator and the way of salvation; he is present to us in his body which is the Church. He himself explicitly asserted the necessity of faith and Baptism, and thereby affirmed at the same time the necessity of the Church which men enter through Baptism as through a door. Hence they could not be saved who, knowing that the Catholic Church was founded as necessary by God through Christ, would refuse either to enter it or to remain in it.336
847 This affirmation is not aimed at those who, through no fault of their own, do not know Christ and his Church:
Those who, through no fault of their own, do not know the Gospel of Christ or his Church, but who nevertheless seek God with a sincere heart, and, moved by grace, try in their actions to do his will as they know it through the dictates of their conscience - those too may achieve eternal salvation.337
848 "Although in ways known to himself God can lead those who, through no fault of their own, are ignorant of the Gospel, to that faith without which it is impossible to please him, the Church still has the obligation and also the sacred right to evangelize all men."338
(Emphasis added)

So it appears that saving faith does not NECESSARILY need to be explicit acceptance of Christian Dogma. Note that necessarily - I mean only what the word actually means, that it is not absolutely necessary. I am not saying that it isn’t important or isn’t good or isn’t helpful, only that without it salvation is still possible.
 
I apologize for my lack of understanding. Maybe there is reference to this in the Catechism? I guess one of the main problems I have is how to reconcile what’s being said to what Jesus himself said. I understand this as if you reject Jesus, you reject God the Father? And, the only way to eternal life is through Jesus?

John 14:6 (NRSVCE)

6 Jesus said to him, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.

85.Luke 10:16
“Whoever listens to you listens to me, and whoever rejects you rejects me, and whoever rejects me rejects the one who sent me.”

89.John 12:48
The one who rejects me and does not receive my word has a judge; on the last day the word that I have spoken will serve as judge,

So, I’m struggling with understanding this… Do you believe you can reject Jesus and still have eternal life? (thanks for your patients!)

SJ
Your point is pretty similar to chefmomster2’s (replied to directly above), and I think the same CCC quotes would be helpful (I already ran into the character limit putting them in once, so I’ll leave them out here).

The only thing to add to that post to address what you say is that one can reject a false notion of Christ without actually rejecting who Christ really is.

An analogy (and it’s a math analogy because I’m a math nerd, sorry about that): If somehow I am taught that the word calculus includes the purported fact that the derivative of cos x is sin x, and I through my own reasoning figure that that is false and so, since that is what I think calculus means, decide that calculus as I think it to be is false - then I haven’t actually rejected calculus. Because calculus doesn’t say that. Calculus says the derivative of cos x is -sin x which, while it sounds somewhat similar, is a different thing.

In the same way I can say the words “Christianity is false,” which are false words, but actually mean something that is true because I don’t know what Christianity is.

So, to directly answer your final question: Absolutely not. If we reject Jesus, we go to Hell. However, we might say that we reject Jesus (rejecting a false idea that we have been told is Jesus) without actually rejecting Jesus as He actually is. In such a case, the second passage I put in my above response comes into play, and we can say that God may lead us to saving faith. We may end up, by the grace of God, accepting Jesus (the Word, the Logos, the Truth) without explicitly realizing that is what we are doing or knowing many facts about Him (that Truth became incarnate). Again, this is not something to be counted on, but it is a possibility.
 
I do understand your points. I guess my problem is with the difference between other mortal sins and rejection of dogma. (Thanks for your patience!)

According to the CCC, Catholics are REQUIRED to subject themselves to dogma.
143 By faith, man completely submits his intellect and his will to God.2 With his whole being man gives his assent to God the revealer. Sacred Scripture calls this human response to God, the author of revelation, “the obedience of faith”.3
2035 The supreme degree of participation in the authority of Christ is ensured by the charism of infallibility.
As a Catholic, the only “knowledge” that is necessary is that the Church holds that a doctrine is in fact dogma.

Catholic Encyclopedia
The decree must be the last word of supreme teaching authority; there must be no possibility of re-opening the question in a spirit of doubt; the decree must settle the matter for ever. .
Once I am informed on that point, I am required to assent to the dogma whether I understand it or not. I don’t have to have full knowledge of the specifics of the doctrine in question and I am not permitted to challenge the doctrine or to teach or spread any belief in opposition to the dogma.
The decree must also, and in consequence of its final nature, bind the whole Church to an irrevocable internal assent. This assent is at least an assent of ecclesiastical faith; and in doctrines which are formally revealed it is also an assent of Divine faith. When the definition commands an irrevocable assent of Divine faith as well as of ecclesiastical faith, the defined dogma is said to be de fide in the technical sense of this phrase.
Since the Church is infallible in pronouncing dogma, dogma is absolutely final and held infallibly, and dogma must be accepted de fide.

So where do you see room for less than full knowledge except in the simple knowledge of the existence of the decree? Can you give an example? Maybe that would help.

Thanks again!
 
The only thing to add to that post to address what you say is that one can reject a false notion of Christ without actually rejecting who Christ really is.
But we are not talking about a false notion of Christ. We are talking about DOGMA which cannot be false. This dogma (For instance, His virgin birth) is integral to the belief in Christ. If I reject the DOGMA, I reject Christ, and thus I am condemned.
In the same way I can say the words “Christianity is false,” which are false words, but actually mean something that is true because I don’t know what Christianity is.
Aren’t you putting WAY too fine a line on it? You DO know what Christianity is! Can you “know it” 100% in all its minutiae? No. But if that is the level required for mortal sin, then there are NO mortal sins. :confused:
…we reject Jesus (rejecting a false idea that we have been told is Jesus) without actually rejecting Jesus as He actually is.
This is not the same thing at all. If there is a “false idea” it does not define Jesus. We are rejecting** the assumption that we were given.** We have in no sense rejected the idea and Jesus because they are not linked inextricably. The assumption is faulty and therefore it fails on its own.

On the other hand, if we reject a dogma of Jesus it is automatically true, it is inextricably a part of Jesus and absolutely guaranteed true by definition. We therefore simultaneously reject Jesus when we reject the dogma.

I need an example where the belief is DOGMA, and where my rejection does NOT reject Christ Himself. 🤷
 
I do understand your points. I guess my problem is with the difference between other mortal sins and rejection of dogma. (Thanks for your patience!)

According to the CCC, Catholics are REQUIRED to subject themselves to dogma.

As a Catholic, the only “knowledge” that is necessary is that the Church holds that a doctrine is in fact dogma.

Catholic Encyclopedia

Once I am informed on that point, I am required to assent to the dogma whether I understand it or not. I don’t have to have full knowledge of the specifics of the doctrine in question and I am not permitted to challenge the doctrine or to teach or spread any belief in opposition to the dogma.

Since the Church is infallible in pronouncing dogma, dogma is absolutely final and held infallibly, and dogma must be accepted de fide.

So where do you see room for less than full knowledge except in the simple knowledge of the existence of the decree? Can you give an example? Maybe that would help.

Thanks again!
For a Catholic it would be harder not to be culpable - I was actually thinking of a non-Catholic, someone who never came to the understanding that when the Church says something dogmatically then it is certainly true.

It may still be possible however, but it would require for this Catholic to be confused about what Catholicism means (and not be fully, or fully enough, culpable for that confusion), or perhaps to be one of the baptized Catholic but not really raised Catholic people. For example, when I say “I am Catholic” I mean “I have been baptized into the Church, and believe the Church to be the Church founded by Christ and guided by the Holy Spirit and hence incapable of making errors in matters of dogma.” Since that second part is true and I know it to be so, if I willingly decided to reject a dogma (and assuming I didn’t recieve a head injury, or an English degree [sorry couldn’t resist], or some other judgement impairing injury), then I would be committing mortal sin.

But there are some who are baptized into the Church, but are never actually convinced that it is what it is. If a person does not believe that the Church cannot err in matters of dogma, and if they are not culpable for that lack of belief (were not raised to see it as true, were subjected to false but convincing sounding arguments that it were false, made a sincere error in logic despite trying to find truth as best they can) then despite the fact that their Catholicism, which they have by virtue of their baptism or other acceptance into the Church (if originally baptized validly but non-Catholic) binds them to accept these dogmas, and despite the fact that disbelieving them is in fact even more grave than for the non-Catholic or non-Christian, it may mean that they are not culpable.

So in short, in addition to ignorance of the dogma itself, there can be, even for Catholics (though not easily for even somewhat well informed Catholics) ignorance of the fact that accepting dogmas is not optional. This, I think, would be harder to pull off for a person who considers themselves Catholic than a person who is simply not Catholic or who is Catholic by virtue of their baptism but has fallen away and doesn’t think of themselves as Catholic, because the contradiction inherent in saying both “I am Catholic” and “Catholicism is false” should be pretty obvious. But it may be possible, assuming enough confusion for which the person is not culpable.
 
But we are not talking about a false notion of Christ. We are talking about DOGMA which cannot be false. This dogma (For instance, His virgin birth) is integral to the belief in Christ. If I reject the DOGMA, I reject Christ, and thus I am condemned.

Aren’t you putting WAY too fine a line on it? You DO know what Christianity is! Can you “know it” 100% in all its minutiae? No. But if that is the level required for mortal sin, then there are NO mortal sins. :confused:
I’m not exactly sure where to put the line on how much you have to understand about Christianity before rejecting what you think it is is actually rejecting it itself. But I think we would both agree that there is one - if someone in the middle of a jungle somewhere hears that some people think that because someone was executed a long time ago, good stuff can happen (and nothing else), that amount of knowledge about what the word Christianity means is not enough to damn someone if they don’t accept it as true.

Likewise, if someone has been utterly convinced (through no fault of his own) that the word Christianity refers and only refers to, say, beliefs of the Westboro Baptist variety, and knows no other alternatives, I think we would probably agree that for that person to reject what he thinks the word means would not only not be damning, but would be good.

But aside from extremes, I don’t know how much ignorance or false ideas would reduce culpability for rejecting the faith by how much.
This is not the same thing at all. If there is a “false idea” it does not define Jesus. We are rejecting** the assumption that we were given.** We have in no sense rejected the idea and Jesus because they are not linked inextricably. The assumption is faulty and therefore it fails on its own.
On the other hand, if we reject a dogma of Jesus it is automatically true, it is inextricably a part of Jesus and absolutely guaranteed true by definition. We therefore simultaneously reject Jesus when we reject the dogma.
I need an example where the belief is DOGMA, and where my rejection does NOT reject Christ Himself. 🤷
It is dogma that that Mary was born without original sin. I can be misinformed about this dogma, without being so because I reject Christ. I can simply not understand why it is true, and not understand that I need to accept it despite this (well, I can’t, as I am now, but someone could) and still be trying to follow Christ while in my head thinking that the dogma of the Immaculate Conception is false.

I would be wrong. Gravely so. But it might not be something I was culpable for.

I can not know who Jesus is, and reject all false notions of Him that I have been presented. In this case I am not rejecting Christ, but rejecting falsehoods, true. But since I don’t know who Jesus is, I am not explicitly accepting Him either. And so, because I do not even know who He is, I would verbally reject the dogmatic statement that God became Man, because I don’t know what the word God refers to and do not explicitly realize even that there is a reference for the word “God” - even while at the same time doing my best to seek goodness and truth.

That is, I can explicitly say that I reject any sentence involving the word "God: (God became Man, God is Triune) because I don’t know who God is but without actually rejecting God (Truth, Goodness) Himself. And again, not being culpable for this requires confusion on my part.

Of course you might say that rejecting false conceptions of dogma doesn’t count as rejecting dogma (so isn’t mortal sin), and that if we do not have any idea what the true dogma actually is (through no fault of our own), then by failing to accept it (through no fault of our own) we are not necessarily committing mortal sin. This would, I think, be an equivalent way of phrasing my point.
 
I don’t have much to say but in terms of heaven and hell, Catholic Answers gave a good answer that everyone has sufficient grace to make it to heaven.
 
Then Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, they know not what they do.”

Why does our Lord ask the Father to forgive them unless they were able to be forgiven? So are the pharisees that rejected Jesus in heaven? The guard that slapped Him? Or is He referring to the roman soldiers that scourged and crucified Him? Was our Lord referring to some of the ignorant crowd asking for barabas?

And I suppose the Lord can forgive even those who do not want forgiveness? No, because the demons are case in point. So He must be referring to those “ignorant”? Who are they?

Mankind?

How was the centurion “converted” at the death of our Lord?
 
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