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Part IV
Source: catholicapologetics.info/modernproblems/vatican2/vatican.htm
Fr. Bernard Otten, S.J. commenting on the above Council states that “(Pope) Martin V, at the close of the Council, approved only in a general way what had been enacted by conciliar procedure in matters of faith - in materia fidei conciliariter statuta” - A Manual of History of Dogmas, Volume II, 1918, Pg. 456
As another example we may mentioned how the teaching of the Council of Florence on the matter and form for the Sacrament of Holy Orders [15] was set aside by Pope Pius XII in his Apostolic Constitution “Sacramentum Ordinis” (1947). Pope Pius XII, in defining the matter and the form declared that the Council of Florence did not mean to teach that the action of touching the chalice and paten presented to the ordained was necessary by virtue of the will of Our Lord Jesus Christ, without setting the question as to whether this action could become part of the matter of the Sacrament by virtue of the power of the Church, Some theologians [16] deny it, which amounts to saying that the Council of Florence was mistaken on this point.
There is also the example of the illegal Council of Pistoia, which was held in September of 1786 by the Bishop of Pistoia and Prato, in a daring effort to secure the errors of Jansenism. The Council attempted to spread errors by emphasising the notion of “Community”, by giving bishops more authority " much like Vatican II did by the proclamation of collegiality of bishops, and many other errors of the illegal Council of Pistoia. This council was condemned and eighty-five of its propositions were stigmatized as erroneous and dangerous.
Pius VI on 28 August, 1794, dealt the death-blow to the influence of the council in his Bull “Auctorem Fidei”, which condemned the propositions of this illegal council:
“[To contend that] ways must be prepared for people to unite their voices with that of the whole Church – if this be understood to signify the introduction of the use of the vernacular language into the liturgical prayers – is condemned as false, rash, disturbing to the order prescribed for the celebration of the sacred mysteries, easily productive of many evils.” (Auctorem Fidei)
The ever-prevalent contention that the above facts seek only to undermine the authority of the Churches Magisterium is brought forward as an opponent that needs clarification.
The difference between doctrinal and pastoral teachings has great implications at Ecumenical Councils. This is because the Church has never taught that all Church Councils are in and of themselves infallible. St. Robert Bellarmine, points out that, “Only by the words of the general Council do we know whether the fathers of that council intended to engage their prerogative infallibility” [17]
St. Alphonsus Maria Liguori affirms that:
“What is found to have its origin in the opinion of some Holy Father or particular Council is not a Divine Tradition, even though it should be celebrated throughout the entire Church. For if we did not attend to this rule, we should have to admit without certain foundation, new revelations regarding faith or morals, which has been always abhorred and impugned in the Church by men the most attached to religion. Hence, the sovereign pontiffs, the Councils, and the Fathers, have been most careful to reject all novelties or new doctrines on matters of faith, which differed from those that had been already received.”[18]
These words are simply a reiteration on the words of first Vatican Council :
For a document of the Magisterium to be considered infallible there are very precise elements, which are necessary. These elements are a continuity with Tradition (2 Thess 2:10; 1 Corith 11:23, Gal. 1: 8), universality in time and place [20] and the clear will of the Pope to engage his authority for the ordinary pontifical Magisterium. If either of these elements is not present the acts are not in any way guaranteed with infallibility. In other words if the Ordinary Magisterium is to be infallible, it must be traditional (Sacrae Theologiae Summa, Salaverri, Vol. 1 5th ed.). If it breaks with Tradition, the Ordinary Magisterium cannot claim any infallibility.
Some Catholics erroneously think that Magisterium is equivalent to Pope. It is not. In Latin, Magisterium is neuter. It is a thing, not a person. It is the teaching authority of the Church. That teaching authority, however, must be derived from Our Lord and His Apostles. It must be based on the Catholic and Apostolic Deposit of Faith. Vatican I made it clear, dogmatically, that the teaching of any pope (or, a fortiori, bishop) who teaches outside the Apostolic Deposit of Faith is null and void.
This Magisterium or “teaching authority of the Church”, exists in a few different modes. It is termed “Solemn” or “Extraordinary” when it derives from the formal and authentic definitions of a General council. It is termed “Ordinary and Universal” when it manifests those truths which are expressed through the daily continuous preaching of the Church and refers to the universal practices of the Church connected with faith and morals as manifested in the decisions of the Roman Congregations concerning faith and morals. It also termed “Ordinary and Non-Infallible” when it regards the non-infallible doctrinal decisions given by the pope or by the Roman congregations.
The Magisterium is termed “living” because, being true, it exists and exerts its influence, not only in the past, but in the present and future. It is termed “authentic” or “authorized” only as regards the person himself, not as regards his infallibility. [21]
Source: catholicapologetics.info/modernproblems/vatican2/vatican.htm
Fr. Bernard Otten, S.J. commenting on the above Council states that “(Pope) Martin V, at the close of the Council, approved only in a general way what had been enacted by conciliar procedure in matters of faith - in materia fidei conciliariter statuta” - A Manual of History of Dogmas, Volume II, 1918, Pg. 456
As another example we may mentioned how the teaching of the Council of Florence on the matter and form for the Sacrament of Holy Orders [15] was set aside by Pope Pius XII in his Apostolic Constitution “Sacramentum Ordinis” (1947). Pope Pius XII, in defining the matter and the form declared that the Council of Florence did not mean to teach that the action of touching the chalice and paten presented to the ordained was necessary by virtue of the will of Our Lord Jesus Christ, without setting the question as to whether this action could become part of the matter of the Sacrament by virtue of the power of the Church, Some theologians [16] deny it, which amounts to saying that the Council of Florence was mistaken on this point.
There is also the example of the illegal Council of Pistoia, which was held in September of 1786 by the Bishop of Pistoia and Prato, in a daring effort to secure the errors of Jansenism. The Council attempted to spread errors by emphasising the notion of “Community”, by giving bishops more authority " much like Vatican II did by the proclamation of collegiality of bishops, and many other errors of the illegal Council of Pistoia. This council was condemned and eighty-five of its propositions were stigmatized as erroneous and dangerous.
Pius VI on 28 August, 1794, dealt the death-blow to the influence of the council in his Bull “Auctorem Fidei”, which condemned the propositions of this illegal council:
“[To contend that] ways must be prepared for people to unite their voices with that of the whole Church – if this be understood to signify the introduction of the use of the vernacular language into the liturgical prayers – is condemned as false, rash, disturbing to the order prescribed for the celebration of the sacred mysteries, easily productive of many evils.” (Auctorem Fidei)
The ever-prevalent contention that the above facts seek only to undermine the authority of the Churches Magisterium is brought forward as an opponent that needs clarification.
The difference between doctrinal and pastoral teachings has great implications at Ecumenical Councils. This is because the Church has never taught that all Church Councils are in and of themselves infallible. St. Robert Bellarmine, points out that, “Only by the words of the general Council do we know whether the fathers of that council intended to engage their prerogative infallibility” [17]
St. Alphonsus Maria Liguori affirms that:
“What is found to have its origin in the opinion of some Holy Father or particular Council is not a Divine Tradition, even though it should be celebrated throughout the entire Church. For if we did not attend to this rule, we should have to admit without certain foundation, new revelations regarding faith or morals, which has been always abhorred and impugned in the Church by men the most attached to religion. Hence, the sovereign pontiffs, the Councils, and the Fathers, have been most careful to reject all novelties or new doctrines on matters of faith, which differed from those that had been already received.”[18]
These words are simply a reiteration on the words of first Vatican Council :
Code:
"For the Holy Spirit was promised to the successors of Peter not so that they might, by His revelation, make known some new doctrine, but that, by His assistance, they might religiously guard and faithfully expound the revelation or Deposit of Faith transmitted by the Apostles."[19]
Some Catholics erroneously think that Magisterium is equivalent to Pope. It is not. In Latin, Magisterium is neuter. It is a thing, not a person. It is the teaching authority of the Church. That teaching authority, however, must be derived from Our Lord and His Apostles. It must be based on the Catholic and Apostolic Deposit of Faith. Vatican I made it clear, dogmatically, that the teaching of any pope (or, a fortiori, bishop) who teaches outside the Apostolic Deposit of Faith is null and void.
This Magisterium or “teaching authority of the Church”, exists in a few different modes. It is termed “Solemn” or “Extraordinary” when it derives from the formal and authentic definitions of a General council. It is termed “Ordinary and Universal” when it manifests those truths which are expressed through the daily continuous preaching of the Church and refers to the universal practices of the Church connected with faith and morals as manifested in the decisions of the Roman Congregations concerning faith and morals. It also termed “Ordinary and Non-Infallible” when it regards the non-infallible doctrinal decisions given by the pope or by the Roman congregations.
The Magisterium is termed “living” because, being true, it exists and exerts its influence, not only in the past, but in the present and future. It is termed “authentic” or “authorized” only as regards the person himself, not as regards his infallibility. [21]