W
wynnejj
Guest
When I look around at the ladies, I see no shortage of bombshells. That is, “It’s not unusual”.Perhaps we need, as the prophet Tom Jones said, a “sex bomb”!
- Status
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
You know not the hour.
We came very close to a major Black Swan event … just a few weeks ago.
February 14, 2013
csmonitor.com/Science/2013/0214/Friday-s-near-miss-asteroid-could-help-track-more-dangerous-ones-video
It was pretty close … actually WELL WITHIN the geosynchronous orbits of satellites at 22,500 miles.
In 1908, there was an actual collision with the Earth:
nbcbayarea.com/news/national-international/NATL-Asteroid-Flyby-Gives-Scientists-Stargazers-a-Rare-Close-Glimpse-191242401.html
All that population control would have been for nothing.
And then there is the North Korean threat of a nuclear strike … EMP effects, anyone?
Why on earth would anyone be so worried about population growth to infinity?
So far, man has been able to make major strides in food production and energy.
No need to worry about an event that is highly unlikely to happen.
And, if there is no “Black Swan” event, in all likelihood, the planet will cool … another of many ice ages … and all agriculture will fail …
OR … another Krakatoa-type eruption with the ash cloud blacking out the sun … more agriculture failures. Maybe even in as populous place as Italy.
Seems to me that too many innerexschuals are too worried about the wildly improbable rather than focusing on the more likely outcomes.
W
wynnejj
Guest
I don’t know, I think I would lose all faith in God if he hit the earth with a big asteroid on Valentine’s Day!
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
Yeah, right.
THIS time, we have got all the answers.
But, what if … some really smart person comes along … someone who survived the abortion industry machine to kill as many babies as possible …
And suppose, this person comes up with a new idea!
What if …
Like the Wright brothers or Hall or Steinmetz or Einstein or Tesla …
… not merely ahead of everyone else …
… not merely someone who is smarter …
And … you can play Dick Tracy … and check him out.
But what if … this fellow … for example … is an “original” …
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Berry_(inventor
pronutria.com/
**
“Connecticut will feed the world. To keep up with all the hungry mouths, we may just have to rethink food. The folks at tech startup Pronutria claim to have discovered an industrious single-cell organism that converts sunlight to, CO2, and water into low cost nutrients. It works in tight quarters, too. Instead of a few thousand pounds of crops per acre a year, we’d be looking at 100,000, according to the company’s research. In other words, the planet’s protein could be produced in an area half the size of Connecticut.”**
So, for those who think they already know everything … maybe not.
[By the way, if you want to serve man, think about coming up with something similar that would enhance the production of plankton or those other little seaborne critters that our salmon and tuna feed on.]
By the way, I have no idea how real David Berry really is … you can check him out … but, I know two or three people like him.
One guy used to stare at the ceiling all day. We learned to be very quiet around him. Not to disturb him. BECAUSE … when he returned “to earth”, he would write computer code … the most marvelous computer code. ONE LINE OF CODE … and in one case, it replaced a routine that took 20 minutes to run …[it was the best program of its kind that money could buy] … he hated it because he said it was “inelegant” … and when we gave him a bonus, because we didn’t want him to leave, he got upset … because he said, “it was a throwaway”. And he wasn’t some young kid out of school … he was older than the rest of us. AND, his English was terrible. Eventually, he left … he found a home in some accounting department someplace that had some three-dimensional chess program!!!
He had no interest in money. He just spent his time doing these “mind-things”.
Another fellow … was just … casually messing around … and started a whole new INDUSTRY … in his garage!!
He said that inventing is easy! And if you drove by his house, … it is just an ordinary suburban ranch style house. With a lot of visits by UPS.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
Are you saying that we are limited to the technology that existed at the time of Moses roughly 1700BC or at the time of Jesus?
Or are we able to discover and uncover the treasures that G*D the Almighty put here on Earth for us to use.
You know … that Biblical order Genesis 4:19 … we have to work by the sweat of our face …
So, if some people with little confidence in the future decide that all oil will be gone in a millenium … a thousand years … then if we scrimp and kill our young … then we will have enough to last 1000 years plus another twenty or so.
Then what?
What if we travel back in time to the year 1013 … what would be use then for energy? Wood? Beasts of burden?
Who back a thousand years ago would have predicted we would have airplanes or Liquid Natural Gas or nuclear power reactors?
What kinds of energy could man possibly use in place of oil? A thousand years FROM NOW?
Well, maybe nuclear … from thorium, perhaps.
For some purposes.
Maybe methanol … which can be made from many different things.
Read up: “Energy Victory” and “Turning Oil Into Salt”.
But even methanol is old technology.
What could we do in the future? 1000 years from now?
We have some clues …
Consider what a few brilliant people did with using radiation to modify plastics … never heard of it?
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raychem
fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/raychem-corporation-history/
raychemers.org/
Well, what if we could modify methanol the same way that Paul Cook and the folks at Raychem modified plastics?
Could we increase the energy density of methanol?
The potential is tantalizing, isn’t it.
And we have a thousand years to figure it out.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
news.investors.com/management-leaders-in-success/091599-359695-raychem-corps-paul-cook.htm
At www.investors.com there is an ongoing series of articles about people who are innovators.
Positively motivating … gives us hope for the future.
Turns out we don’t already know everything there is to know.
At www.investors.com there is an ongoing series of articles about people who are innovators.
Positively motivating … gives us hope for the future.
Turns out we don’t already know everything there is to know.
N
nute
Guest
Standing room only, 60s and 70s, was based on ants instead of humans.
Still, the earth might become unliveable if we ignore climate change and don’t change our energy base. There isn’t a space issue so much, but there is a looming climate issue and a huge distribution of resources problem. I consider myself conservative, but I’m not blind to the fact that carbon dioxide levels are reaching historic highs right now. There are solutions possibly, but there needs to be action. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are ready for mass production, the infrastructure isn’t in place for them though.
Societes have risen and fallen as the major sources of energy and relevant technology has changed. We are not immune to that today.
Still, the earth might become unliveable if we ignore climate change and don’t change our energy base. There isn’t a space issue so much, but there is a looming climate issue and a huge distribution of resources problem. I consider myself conservative, but I’m not blind to the fact that carbon dioxide levels are reaching historic highs right now. There are solutions possibly, but there needs to be action. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are ready for mass production, the infrastructure isn’t in place for them though.
Societes have risen and fallen as the major sources of energy and relevant technology has changed. We are not immune to that today.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
If global warming was related to carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere, then while carbon dioxide keeps going up, the temperature would continue to rise … instead the temperature has been flat for 15 years …
If you factor in things like the Little Ice Age and the periodic El Ninos and similar cyclical regularly occurring natural climate fluctuations, then the whole notion of carbon dioxide causing climate change completely falls apart.
Furthermore, some people are worried sick that fossil fuels will suddenly run out one day about a thousand years from now.
So, we should start cutting down our global population to sustainable levels NOW … that’s what they are arguing. Which means, really, mass murder.
But those folks have NO IDEA on how to innovate.
I have pointed out that some people ARE able to innovate.
I just now found this article … using natural gas to make inexpensive gasoline.
Natural gas is, of course, methane … and methanol can be made from methane … as well as from many other substances. The chemistry of methanol is a hundred years old.
March 11, 2013
Fluctuating gasoline prices are a permanent fixture in America?s headlines, and for good reason. Spikes in the price of gasoline can hit businesses, families, and governments hard, especially while budgets remain tight. With abundant natural gas in the United States, converting natural gas into liquid fuel is becoming an increasingly realistic and reliable plan.
While the technology to turn natural gas into liquid fuels like gasoline has been around for decades, the cost has typically been prohibitively high.
Two new trends are changing that.
The first is America’s surplus of natural gas. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have given us access to greater amounts of natural gas than ever. In turn, the recent surplus has made natural gas incredibly affordable. G2X Energy Inc. is capitalizing on this historic opportunity and plans to build a new plant in Louisiana dedicated to creating gasoline from natural gas.
The second trend is technological innovation. According to Fuel Fix, a forty person startup called Siluria Technologies has just revolutionized the process of refining natural gas into liquid fuel. Until recently, making liquid fuel from natural gas required high amounts of pressure and heat. Siluria’s new process uses oxidative coupling, which combines methane molecules to form ethylene, a basic building block of the gasoline formula.
Whereas current gas-to-gasoline practices require temperatures around 600 degrees, Siluria claims that their process requires much less heat and specialized equipment.
In the end, this could turn into a massive boon for Americans.
The new plant in Louisiana will provide hundreds of new jobs. The ability to cheaply transform natural gas into gasoline could deliver savings for many Americans at the gas pump. Siluria’s innovation also goes to show that small businesses are just as capable of profiting from natural gas as the industry’s major players.
This is the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship that made America great to begin with.
If you factor in things like the Little Ice Age and the periodic El Ninos and similar cyclical regularly occurring natural climate fluctuations, then the whole notion of carbon dioxide causing climate change completely falls apart.
Furthermore, some people are worried sick that fossil fuels will suddenly run out one day about a thousand years from now.
So, we should start cutting down our global population to sustainable levels NOW … that’s what they are arguing. Which means, really, mass murder.
But those folks have NO IDEA on how to innovate.
I have pointed out that some people ARE able to innovate.
I just now found this article … using natural gas to make inexpensive gasoline.
Natural gas is, of course, methane … and methanol can be made from methane … as well as from many other substances. The chemistry of methanol is a hundred years old.
March 11, 2013
Fluctuating gasoline prices are a permanent fixture in America?s headlines, and for good reason. Spikes in the price of gasoline can hit businesses, families, and governments hard, especially while budgets remain tight. With abundant natural gas in the United States, converting natural gas into liquid fuel is becoming an increasingly realistic and reliable plan.
While the technology to turn natural gas into liquid fuels like gasoline has been around for decades, the cost has typically been prohibitively high.
Two new trends are changing that.
The first is America’s surplus of natural gas. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have given us access to greater amounts of natural gas than ever. In turn, the recent surplus has made natural gas incredibly affordable. G2X Energy Inc. is capitalizing on this historic opportunity and plans to build a new plant in Louisiana dedicated to creating gasoline from natural gas.
The second trend is technological innovation. According to Fuel Fix, a forty person startup called Siluria Technologies has just revolutionized the process of refining natural gas into liquid fuel. Until recently, making liquid fuel from natural gas required high amounts of pressure and heat. Siluria’s new process uses oxidative coupling, which combines methane molecules to form ethylene, a basic building block of the gasoline formula.
Whereas current gas-to-gasoline practices require temperatures around 600 degrees, Siluria claims that their process requires much less heat and specialized equipment.
In the end, this could turn into a massive boon for Americans.
The new plant in Louisiana will provide hundreds of new jobs. The ability to cheaply transform natural gas into gasoline could deliver savings for many Americans at the gas pump. Siluria’s innovation also goes to show that small businesses are just as capable of profiting from natural gas as the industry’s major players.
This is the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship that made America great to begin with.
C
Caged
Guest
Has anyone heard of carrying capacity?
Ultimately earth will reach human carrying capacity. No matter how innovative you are you can’t invent extra space to put people or grow food. Or invent such cutting edge technology that you have sustainable yields on virtually no land left. This is far in the future, but it isn’t a myth. Carrying capacity is a reality of all animal populations and despite us humans staving it off with technology it’ll still reach the cutoff eventually. How many people can live on an acre of land only? If that acre was the only land available anywhere? There’s a limit…
Ultimately earth will reach human carrying capacity. No matter how innovative you are you can’t invent extra space to put people or grow food. Or invent such cutting edge technology that you have sustainable yields on virtually no land left. This is far in the future, but it isn’t a myth. Carrying capacity is a reality of all animal populations and despite us humans staving it off with technology it’ll still reach the cutoff eventually. How many people can live on an acre of land only? If that acre was the only land available anywhere? There’s a limit…
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
The people who did those silly calculations on ultimate earth carrying capacity have no faith in the genius of people. Those silly ideas assume no new ideas. That farming productivity is merely an extension of what we already know. AND there are new ideas … of course, if we keep killing off people by abortion, then the new ideas might be slow in coming.
We already have glimmers of how technology using merely the area of the size of a tiny state such as Connecticut could feed the entire planet of people. And that is only using what we already know. As people apply more advanced ideas, the carrying capacity of the planet expands exponentially.
We already have glimmers of how technology can provide energy and liquid fuels in an unlimited amount. Just one idea: methanol … or nuclear fusion … can provide unlimited energy. We are not limited to windmills and solar heating.
People have already done the calculation that the state of Texas alone could support the entire population of the planet. AND that does not include the radical idea of multi-story buildings for people to live in.
The idea that there is a limit is entirely false.
The planet is not limited to some self-sustaining output where man does not have to provide any work or any genius.
But with genius and innovation, we can dramatically increase the ability of the planet to provide sustenance for everyone.
We already have demonstrations of how one or two people who get a great idea can vastly increase the productivity of the planet for the benefit of everyone.
Contrary to the unproductive naysayers, we are not limited by the limited vision of a few radicals who have no skills and no talent.
Instead we complain that some of us have no new ideas and so we are condemned.
We should be joyous that God does give people amazing and productive ideas for innovations … totally new concepts.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
More innovation:
thorium.tv/en/thorium_reactor/thorium_reactor_1.php
A 1 NW reactor is 1400 Horsepower … very much neighborhood size.
excerpt:
A hypothetical 5 ton, truck-sized 1 MW thorium reactor might run for only $250,000 but would generate enough electricity for 1,000 people for the duration of its operating lifetime, using only 20 kg of thorium fuel per year, running almost automatically, and requiring safety checks as infrequently as once a year. That would be as little as $200/year after capital costs are paid off, for a thousand-persons worth of electricity! An annual visit by a safety inspector might add another $200 to the bill. A town of 1,000 could pool $250K for the reactor at the cost of $250 each, then pay $400/year collectively, or $0.40/year each for fuel and maintenance. These reactors could be built by the thousands, further driving down manufacturing costs.
Read more on the Thorium power reactor:
But its champion at ORNL, Alvin Weinberg, continued advocating for **the molten-salt Thorium reactor because of its inherent safety advantages: It runs sub-critical with no danger of a runaway chain reaction; the process occurs at low pressure; and the salts are impervious to radiation damage so the fuel can be almost completely consumed (uranium-dioxide rods are damaged after just 0.5-percent energy depletion). Fuel an MSR with thorium and no costly enrichment is needed, less gamma radiation is released, and the waste is plutonium 238 – a non-weapons-grade isotope that’s highly valuable for use in space-probe batteries. **
Weinberg built and ran such a reactor in 1964-'65 …
He’s founded Flibe Energy to commercialize the physics proven by Weinberg’s reactor. He knows he faces an uphill battle against technical lock-in.
Retrofitting existing nuclear plants isn’t terribly practical, as even the electricity generation is different, using a closed-loop gas turbine running nitrogen instead of an open-loop steam turbine (it’s far more efficient at the temperatures involved).
Read more: motortrend.com/features/editorial/1201_technologue_atomobile/#ixzz2NX6yh3cl
thorium.tv/en/thorium_reactor/thorium_reactor_1.php
A 1 NW reactor is 1400 Horsepower … very much neighborhood size.
excerpt:
A hypothetical 5 ton, truck-sized 1 MW thorium reactor might run for only $250,000 but would generate enough electricity for 1,000 people for the duration of its operating lifetime, using only 20 kg of thorium fuel per year, running almost automatically, and requiring safety checks as infrequently as once a year. That would be as little as $200/year after capital costs are paid off, for a thousand-persons worth of electricity! An annual visit by a safety inspector might add another $200 to the bill. A town of 1,000 could pool $250K for the reactor at the cost of $250 each, then pay $400/year collectively, or $0.40/year each for fuel and maintenance. These reactors could be built by the thousands, further driving down manufacturing costs.
Read more on the Thorium power reactor:
But its champion at ORNL, Alvin Weinberg, continued advocating for **the molten-salt Thorium reactor because of its inherent safety advantages: It runs sub-critical with no danger of a runaway chain reaction; the process occurs at low pressure; and the salts are impervious to radiation damage so the fuel can be almost completely consumed (uranium-dioxide rods are damaged after just 0.5-percent energy depletion). Fuel an MSR with thorium and no costly enrichment is needed, less gamma radiation is released, and the waste is plutonium 238 – a non-weapons-grade isotope that’s highly valuable for use in space-probe batteries. **
Weinberg built and ran such a reactor in 1964-'65 …
He’s founded Flibe Energy to commercialize the physics proven by Weinberg’s reactor. He knows he faces an uphill battle against technical lock-in.
Retrofitting existing nuclear plants isn’t terribly practical, as even the electricity generation is different, using a closed-loop gas turbine running nitrogen instead of an open-loop steam turbine (it’s far more efficient at the temperatures involved).
Read more: motortrend.com/features/editorial/1201_technologue_atomobile/#ixzz2NX6yh3cl
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
Much more efficient desalination:
newsdaily.com/stories/bre92c057-us-usa-desalination/
Another breakthrough.
Perhaps gold and tungsten came here from meteoric bombardment:
sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110907132044.htm
Another scientific knowledge breakthrough.
newsdaily.com/stories/bre92c057-us-usa-desalination/
Another breakthrough.
Perhaps gold and tungsten came here from meteoric bombardment:
sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/09/110907132044.htm
Another scientific knowledge breakthrough.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
Another useful find:
juliansimon.com/writings/Ultimate_Resource/
Oh, and, the Japanese have announced a breakthrough in developing methane from the ocean.
juliansimon.com/writings/Ultimate_Resource/
Oh, and, the Japanese have announced a breakthrough in developing methane from the ocean.
C
Caged
Guest
Again when every square inch of earths land is needed for the human population then no amount of scientific discovery is going to dispute the fact that people need enough space and resources to live. And by every square inch I mean there’s no space for forests or crops anymore. Theoretically it will eventually occur barring cessation of rapid population growth.
G
GregBussey
Guest
Since there is currently 1,000 square feet of land plus 49,000 square feet of nature for every man, woman and child, and since people can live in multi-story buildings and since food production technology continually improves as more and more people are alive to work on it, and since there is also such a thing as space travel… your theoretical doomsday is, at best, a fantastically remote possibility. We also believe that one day our sun will grow into a red giant and vaporize the earth. Yet, while that too would not bode well for us, it nevertheless doesn’t warrant any action.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
There is no limit to how many people the Planet Earth can accommodate.
There are new innovations in food development and in energy development … now, today … that are already radically transforming the way food and energy are produced.
Those who say there are limits claim we will run out of this or that in “only” one thousand years … [do you have ANY IDEA of how quickly innovations develop?]
If we are finding new ideas every day … then how many new ideas will we come up with in A THOUSAND YEARS.
[Just look at the progress we have made since Malthus made his ridiculous short-sighted pronouncements.]
In a flash, the Holy Spirit infuses new insights into human brains … into the minds of people who are open to Him.
Those humans may be religious people, or not. But if their minds are open, then they can [and have on numerous occasions] come up with new ideas that have changed everything for the good and for the better.
The Mind of God is INFINITE and we humans are extremely finite and limited.
There is no limit to the wonders of God’s Infinite Imagination.
There are new innovations in food development and in energy development … now, today … that are already radically transforming the way food and energy are produced.
Those who say there are limits claim we will run out of this or that in “only” one thousand years … [do you have ANY IDEA of how quickly innovations develop?]
If we are finding new ideas every day … then how many new ideas will we come up with in A THOUSAND YEARS.
[Just look at the progress we have made since Malthus made his ridiculous short-sighted pronouncements.]
In a flash, the Holy Spirit infuses new insights into human brains … into the minds of people who are open to Him.
Those humans may be religious people, or not. But if their minds are open, then they can [and have on numerous occasions] come up with new ideas that have changed everything for the good and for the better.
The Mind of God is INFINITE and we humans are extremely finite and limited.
There is no limit to the wonders of God’s Infinite Imagination.
C
Caged
Guest
We probably won’t have to worry about it ever no. Because as countries become more and more developed and further into core status birth rates decline because less workers are needed for agriculture. Innovation breeds lessened birth rates. Japan’s population is expected to decline within the next 50-100 years because of this phenomenon coupled with the increased life expectancy of it’s people. More and more people are so busy with education and work that they fail to have as many children. Or even have any at all.
C
Caged
Guest
Developed countries will always have food because of innovations in technology. But (quoted verbatim from my environmental science textbook) technological advances can’t relieve all the problems:
“Advances made during the first and second green revolutions (which focused on food production) are not ending world famine…exports from these and other poor countries caused by distributors receiving higher profits from richer countries is actually making famine worse…several factors contribute to (this) including: …populations that have surpassed their carrying capacity.”
So if subsaharan Africa isn’t enough of a case study I dunno what is. They simply don’t receive the technology in most places. And they die off at a constant rate consistent with their maximum sustainability. Just like all humans did before about 1800. If everyone lived in Europe and the Americas then I suppose maximum population capacities wouldn’t be a looming problem. There it literally is the problem.
“Advances made during the first and second green revolutions (which focused on food production) are not ending world famine…exports from these and other poor countries caused by distributors receiving higher profits from richer countries is actually making famine worse…several factors contribute to (this) including: …populations that have surpassed their carrying capacity.”
So if subsaharan Africa isn’t enough of a case study I dunno what is. They simply don’t receive the technology in most places. And they die off at a constant rate consistent with their maximum sustainability. Just like all humans did before about 1800. If everyone lived in Europe and the Americas then I suppose maximum population capacities wouldn’t be a looming problem. There it literally is the problem.
G
GregBussey
Guest
Unfortunately, many text books are written to indoctrinate with a political ideology rather than instruct with facts. The facts is, famine is declining as population is expanding.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malnutrition
I bet you won’t find this analysis in your text book:
telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/9742960/Obesity-killing-three-times-as-many-as-malnutrition.html
We do suffer from a distribution problem, though. Instead of paying US farmers to not produce crops, we could be sending excess food to sub-Saharan Africa. Why would your text book conclude there are too many people? Just the opposite. We need more people to distribute food more evenly.
M
Monte_RCMS
Guest
The problem in sub-Sahara Africa is that they have dictatorships that are thugocracies … the cronies steal everything.
Where free markets exist, the people do fairly well. And the food gets distributed.
They do develop indigenous irrigation and water supply / storage projects that are appropriate for the region and that work.
They do rotate their crops so that the soil recovers and they do move their herds of animals around to avoid compacting the soil.
They have farmers and they grow crops and market them … not only locally, but also sell off-season fruit and vegetables by airfreight to Europe. Their distribution system works.
But then the thugs come in.
So the people have no choice but to flee, if they can.
Or, they have agriculture that is appropriate to the climate and soils … and then the central government comes in an imposes inappropriate agricultural practices that result in massive soil erosion and soil compaction.
Or, they get visiting “experts” from the U.S. and Sweden and Canada and places like that who bring in ideas that are totally alien to places where the sun drives temps up to 120ºF all the time and it only rains just a little bit. There ARE tropical agricultural practices that work, but bureaucrats in an office in Washington don’t know what they are. No clue.
And we DO have arid lands studies groups in hot places, but they get grants to do sociological studies instead of agricultural development.
[Don’t get me started.]
Where free markets exist, the people do fairly well. And the food gets distributed.
They do develop indigenous irrigation and water supply / storage projects that are appropriate for the region and that work.
They do rotate their crops so that the soil recovers and they do move their herds of animals around to avoid compacting the soil.
They have farmers and they grow crops and market them … not only locally, but also sell off-season fruit and vegetables by airfreight to Europe. Their distribution system works.
But then the thugs come in.
So the people have no choice but to flee, if they can.
Or, they have agriculture that is appropriate to the climate and soils … and then the central government comes in an imposes inappropriate agricultural practices that result in massive soil erosion and soil compaction.
Or, they get visiting “experts” from the U.S. and Sweden and Canada and places like that who bring in ideas that are totally alien to places where the sun drives temps up to 120ºF all the time and it only rains just a little bit. There ARE tropical agricultural practices that work, but bureaucrats in an office in Washington don’t know what they are. No clue.
And we DO have arid lands studies groups in hot places, but they get grants to do sociological studies instead of agricultural development.
[Don’t get me started.]
- Status