As we have seen, the Church clearly teaches that Adam and Eve were our "First Parents and insists on the doctrine of Original Sin. I ask how that can be compatible with the evolutionary model and the answer seems to be “Dunno, you can believe whatever you like in that area”.
The answer is that there are multiple answers congruent with the Catholic position. We know we had first parents, we know original sin flows from them. If they had biological ancestors, that’s fine. If they did not, that’s also fine. The specific conditions and event details aren’t specified, nor need to be. You seem to want to know what the specific teaching is, and when you’re told there is none as specific as you’re asking, that somehow is itself incompatible. To each their own, I just don’t see the problem.
As VociMike said, “the key phrase is ‘extra ecclesiam nulla salus’” - outside the Church there is no salvation".
Lumen Gentium is quite specific on the point and it cites the words of Jesus as scriptural warrant for the position:
Well, obviously I’m familiar with that teaching.
Again: They can be saved without being Catholic. But their salvation does not come from their beliefs, but through Christ and the church. That they reject the church does not change this (especially considering they do so under a belief that the church is not necessary), along the lines of how someone can reject a foreign military, but said military’s medics may still save them if they’re wounded on the battlefield. A rough analogy, but I think it works.
You say you fail to respond, but frankly, I don’t see how. Do you think the Church is necessary? Apparently not - you rejected it because you really don’t believe it is. I think you’re wrong, but culpability plays a role in these things. Do you really think the Church IS necessary, and rejected it because you want no part of God’s plan? Then some penalty certainly seems to follow - but then, most of your argument here is moot anyway.
Besides, from LG:
He is not saved, however, who, though part of the body of the Church, does not persevere in charity. He remains indeed in the bosom of the Church, but, as it were, only in a “bodily” manner and not “in his heart.”(12) All the Church’s children should remember that their exalted status is to be attributed not to their own merits but to the special grace of Christ. If they fail moreover to respond to that grace in thought, word and deed, not only shall they not be saved but they will be the more severely judged.(13*)*
I find it odd you ellipsis’d off LG the way you did. The quoted section is saying that if you’re part of the Church, but insincere, that is where the particular trouble comes in. In fact, this sort of teaching specifically guards against forcing people into the church intellectually or otherwise - it does no one any good.
Further…
But the plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator. In the first place amongst these there are the Mohamedans, who, professing to hold the faith of Abraham, along with us adore the one and merciful God, who on the last day will judge mankind. Nor is God far distant from those who in shadows and images seek the unknown God, for it is He who gives to all men life and breath and all things,(127) and as Saviour wills that all men be saved.(128) Those also can attain to salvation who through no fault of their own do not know the Gospel of Christ or His Church, yet sincerely seek God and moved by grace strive by their deeds to do His will as it is known to them through the dictates of conscience.(19) Nor does Divine Providence deny the helps necessary for salvation to those who, without blame on their part, have not yet arrived at an explicit knowledge of God and with His grace strive to live a good life. Whatever good or truth is found amongst them is looked upon by the Church as a preparation for the Gospel.(20*) *
…Really, LG seems to stress that while salvation only comes through the church, salvation doesn’t only come expressly to those proclaiming to be Catholic. Jews, muslims, pagans, nonbelievers - especially those who honestly strive to live a good life can be rewarded, even if the mission of the Church to preach and convert remains ever essential.
Besides, I find it hard to take seriously that you’re an ex-catholic who expressly does not believe, but you’re worried because you think (wrongly) that the church insists you’re damned for your lack of belief. You can’t “sweep aside” issues of the teachings of a faith you explicitly reject? C’mon.
Either way, there’s no contradiction here. Non-Catholics can be saved - if they are saved, they are saved through Christ and the Church, not through any other faith or being. It was straightforward enough to be understood by everyone at the time it was proclaimed and since then.