As I said, because of the Puritan and Victorian eras (both are Anglican in thought) people grabbed the pendulum and swung hard back and forth in thought. They found they were at an impasse. Either every single act must be intending to make a baby, or there was no problem with monkeying around with the act itself. Catholic teaching is not extreme on either count. She says the act must remain un-frustrated. The act must be what it is designed to be, procreative, whether fertile or infertile.
I am aware that some ECFs held the personal opinion that an act must be intending to make a baby to be a licit act. That remains their personal opinion. One huge part of Church teaching is that it is She, and She alone, who determines Her doctrine. As was pointed out waaaaaaay back in this thread, there was a time when general opinion was toward Arianism. Why isn’t that current teaching? Because that was their personal, and incorrect, opinion.
See? This is the exact same garbage I get every time. “That’s just personal opinion.” It doesn’t matter that
every ECF who spoke on the subject said the same thing. “That’s just personal opinion.” Well, how do you
know “that’s just personal opinion”? You don’t have anything from those eras saying, “This is what the Church definitively teaches as of A.D. 150, or 250, or 450, etc.” All you have to go on is (1) what the ECFs themselves taught explicitly and (2) what the Catholic Church today teaches explicitly, and beyond all sense and reason you’re siding with the known teachings of today over the known teachings of yesterday!
I’m now going to try to spell out my thoughts as clearly as I can.
Here is the consistent teaching of the ECFs:
I1 & M1 – This is the couple who are trying to have a baby – This couple is blameless.
I2 & M1 – This is the couple who uses NFP to prevent pregnancy – This couple is in venial sin, but the sin is excused by reason of the sacrament of marriage.
I2 & M2 – This is the couple who uses ABC to prevent pregnancy – This couple is in mortal sin.
Here is the present-day teaching of the Catholic Church:
I1 & M1 – This is the couple who are trying to have a baby – This couple is blameless.
I2 & M1 – This is the couple who uses NFP to prevent pregnancy – This couple is blameless.
I2 & M2 – This is the couple who uses ABC to prevent pregnancy – This couple is in mortal sin.
The
only difference in teaching between then and now is that it is no longer considered venial sin to engage in marital relations solely for reasons other than to get pregnant, but this change
is significant. Why? Because the change has created a cognitive dissonance in most Catholics that did not exist in the days when the views of the ECFs still held sway.
Consider how ridiculous it sounds to hear someone say, “It’s okay to covet, so long as you don’t steal”? How about, “It’s okay to want somebody dead, so long as you don’t actually kill him”? How about, “It’s okay to lust, so long as you don’t fornicate”? Jesus Himself rejected such nonsensical prevarications. Yet the Catholic Church today says, “It’s okay to desire sex without offspring, so long as you don’t use artificial contraception.”
The ECFs, on the other hand, brooked no such nonsense. They taught, “It is
bad to covet; it is
worse to steal. It is
bad to desire someone dead; it is
worse to murder him. It is
bad to lust; it is
worse to fornicate.” And, in total consistency, they taught, “It is
bad to desire sex without offspring; it is
worse to use artificial contraception.”
What the Orthodox and the Protestants have done in permitting artificial contraception is nothing more than their being logically consistent in their modern view of sex within marriage. If you’re going to tell married couples that it’s okay to desire sex for whatever benefits may exist apart from offspring, then it must also be okay for couples to take whatever steps they find necessary to secure for themselves sex without offspring. The Orthodox and Protestants are not, as you said, “starting from the child and working backwards.” Rather, they are starting from their teaching concerning sex in marriage and are extending it toward its logical conclusions!
But what is the Catholic Church doing? It’s starting with the same teachings about sex in marriage, but it’s not logically extending them outward into the actions of the married couple. It’s telling them, “It’s okay to want sex without offspring. You
should want it,” but then it backhands them and says, “But you can’t have it!” There is a major inconsistency here, and the reason that so many Catholics ignore the Church’s authority concerning birth control is that this inconsistency is so plain to see!
So what can the Church do to return consistency to its teaching? It has two options: Allow ABC to married couples, so that its teaching concerning contraception becomes consistent with its teaching regarding sex in marriage,
or return its teaching regarding sex in marriage to the teaching of the Fathers (i.e., that the only truly legitimate reasons for sex in marriage are the begetting of children and the avoidance of fornication).
The former road, I would argue, is impossible because of all the papal statements made against ABC. What about the latter road, though? Can the Church return to the mind of the Fathers and teach about sex as
they saw it? Or is the Church equally constrained to cast a positive light on sex and continue its uneasy compromise with the world?
–Mike