Birth Control and the Bible
A few centuries before the time of Christ, someone discovered that a plant called silphium, growing wild in the North African desert, had excellent birth control properties. (The silphium of today is not the same plant.) This put it at the head of a list of other successful birth control herbs, asafoetida and Queen Anne’s Lace, and some others. These were collectively referred to as pharmakeia in New Testament Greco-Roman society. Cyrene, Libya (the home port of Simon of Cyrene) became the main export city for silphium. Cyrene grew rich on silphium, as people around the Mediterranean "beat down the doors” to get as much silphium as they could, to disconnect sex from the risk of conception.
In the recipient ports, the main purchasers of silphium were fortune tellers! Why? Because throughout the Roman Empire, promiscuous girls would gather around the local fortune teller, hear their fortunes respecting their latest love matches, and then the fortune teller, after receiving a fee for the usually-optimistic love fortune, who sell the girls some silphium as “protection” for their next few dates. Husbands and wives would also gather around the fortuneteller to purchase pharmakeia. For this reason, birth control substances came to be referred to with the euphemism “sorcery,” meaning “sorcerer’s stuff.”
How little things have changed! Today people still go to the pharmacy to buy their pharmakeia, or birth control pills or condoms, while they buy those little rolled-up fortunes or astrology magazines at the counter!
In any event, at four places the Bible nastily condemns use of pharmakeia. Three of the four places, we are told that pharmakeia users will be damned. It is hard to see that is what is going on in our modern translations, for translations of the Bible into English have mistranslated pharmakeia – literally, “drugs” – to read “sorcery,” paying homage to the Greco-Roman euphemism for contraceptives, “sorcery.” Didache 2:2 – clearly uses pharmakeia to refer to “contraceptives.” The didache was written in the same era as the Book of Revelation. The Didache condemns, in this order, (1) use of magiae – curses against conception; (2) pharmakeia – contraceptives; (3) abortion; and (4) infanticide. The context defines the use. Do you understand what the Didache is doing? – It is condemning progressively invasive interruptions of the reproductive process.
Here are the four verses condemning connection with pharmakeia, three of them very straightforwardly declaring that those who make use of pharmakeia will be damned to Hell fire…
Galatians 5:19-21: 19 Now the works of the flesh are obvious: immorality, impurity, licentiousness, 20 idolatry, sorcery [pharmakeia], hatreds, rivalry, jealousy, outbursts of fury, acts of selfishness, dissensions, factions, 21 occasions of envy, drinking bouts, orgies, and the like. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things would not inherit the kingdom of God.
Revelation 9:21: 21 Nor did they repent of their murders, their magic potions [pharmakeia], their unchastity, or their robberies.
Revelation 21:8: 8 But as for cowards, the unfaithful, the depraved, murderers, the unchaste, sorcerers [pharmakeus], idol-worshipers, and deceivers of every sort, their lot is in the burning pool of fire and sulfur, which is the second death."
Revelation 22:14-15: 14 Blessed are they who wash their robes so as to have the right to the tree of life and enter the city through its gates. 15 Outside are the dogs, the sorcerers [pharmakeus], the unchaste, the murderers, the idol-worshipers, and all who love and practice deceit.
Note how each use of the pharmak-related term is paired-up with sinful sexual activity. (Commentators aware of the contraceptive meaning of pharmakeia concede that “idolatry” in the Galatians verse probably refers to fertility worship in the Gnostic temples competing with Judaism and Christianity – celebrating the Gnostic pantheon with sex.)
Note also that three times the Bible points out that (presumably unrepentant) pharmakeia users will be damned.