The editorial points to an evolution of Catholic thinking on the use of the death penalty, which reached a watershed point with the statement by Pope John Paul II, in his encyclical Evangelium Vitae, that the circumstances justifying execution are today “very rare, in not practically non-existent.” The statement notes that the Catechism of the Catholic Church was revised to reflect that view, and then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger wrote hopefully that “the death penalty may be permitted to disappear.” More recently Pope Francis called upon Catholics to work toward “the abolition of the death penalty.”