Of course, there’s really no such thing as a “climate scientist” per se…
It’s true of any new field that scientists in that field come from other fields. When anthropology was relatively new Franz Boas (PhD physics) and others with very different degrees became founders of modern anthropology. Likewise criminology/criminal justice; many CJ faculty and researchers are still being drawn from outside CJ.
Likewise with climate science. Many climate scientists have doctorates in other areas, but then go into climate science and focus their studies on it. That’s what makes them climate scientists, not their terminal degree. So there actually is a such thing as a “climate scientist” and most certainly “climate science.” No one would call Boas a physicist – he is well known as an anthropologist.
Another issue is that climate science is such a complex field, involving the multitude of earth systems and solar dynamics, paleoclimatology, etc. One would want climate scientists to come from a very wide range of backgrounds.
Now what makes one a climate scientist and not just an amateur is the level of research they put into climate science topics, resulting in peer-reviewed scientific publications. Peer-review is a necessary cause for establishing a scientist as a climate scientist, but not a sufficient cause, as bad studies do sometimes get thru…which is true for every field. It’s more about whether the research and conclusions stand the test of time and being redone, questioned, probed, and picked apart by other climate scientists.
Meteorologists are NOT climate scientists (unless they do climate research). We had a NWS meteorologist give a talk at our campus about climate change, and the first thing he said was “
I am not a climate science, but I have made it a spare-time hobby of extreme interest, and will base my talk on what I have learned and read about climate change.” (Note: weather is not the same as climate; climate is the aggregate of weather – you cannot use a climate atlas to predict rain on a certain day, and you cannot say rain on a certain day proves or disprove climate change.)
Geologists are also NOT climate scientists, unless they are doing research and publishing on climate science in peer-review science journals. I’ve found that I know more about certain aspects of climate science that some geology professors on my campus (like the difference between climate forcings and feedbacks) – and I am certainly NOT a climate scientist.
There was an interesting case of a physicist, Richard Muller, who thought he could disprove climate change, and did a statistical study (supported by Koch money, no less). However, by his results convinced him climate change was not only real, but worse than the climate scientists were saying – after which climate scientists pointed out various flaws in his study, and lack of important variables, which when added would jive with their lower findings.
Another case – there were 2 people (a statistician and a mineral engineer funded by fossil fuels) who were out to disprove climate change (which is NOT the way you do science). They did some statistical runs and claimed they had totally disproved climate change. Only problem was they used the celsius scale (with an artifical zero), rather than the kelvin scale (with a true zero), and when the climate scientists pointed that out, and their stats were again run with the correct scale, it turned out they had not disproved climate change. Climate scientist also make mistake, but these are discovered and set aright (or are found to have gone against the general findings).
Science tends to be self-correcting, bec there are always those (like young stallions) who want to best the leaders in the field. Nearly every theory and every piece of evidence gets run through the gauntlet over and over again, until it becomes pretty much unassailable. And that’s were climate change is now – pretty much unassailable. Scientist are by trade skeptical. What skeptics there were in the 1990s, who actually engaged in doing climate science research of high quality, have now come to accept climate science. It’s pretty much a done deal.
But as I’ve mentioned over and over, I did not need 95% confidence on single studies, and certainly not the science to be robust, with many studies from many different angles, to start mitigating back in 1990 what could be very serious harms to life on earth, and neither did JPII or BXVI.
Science is theory AND evidence, and the greenhouse gas theory has been around for over 100 years. I learned it decades ago, so the writing was pretty much on the wall re what would happen with more and more GHGs in the atmosphere (apparently last year’s increase was greater than previous years). However, I really only became aware of possible negative impacts greatly threatening peoples lives and subsistence in the late 1980s, which is my lame excuse for not mitigating it earlier.