If the answer is so simple, then why do you not provide it? If you read my earlier posts and comments, then it should have been apparent to you that I have studied this topic in depth both concerning pre and post Vatican II teachings, and I’m on here to try to get answers. If you can show how to reconcile the pre and post Vatican II statements on the issue, please do enlighten us.
Try reading what both John Paul 2 and Benedict 16 (and prior to his becoming Pope, Cardinal Ratzinger) have written. Both of them were at Vatican 2 as assistants; both of them are brilliant as theologians and philosphers, both of them have said that the documents of Vatican 2 are not in contradiction to prior statements of the church, and John Paul 2 wrote concerning the issue (I am still wading through work by Ratzinger).
In particular are comments by John Paul 2 concerning the Orthodox and Protestant groups. You keep asking how a heretical group can assist in salvation. Your first issue is that title - heretical. You can’t get your mind around the issue; you are too close to the phrase “false in part, suspect in all” from law. Any Protestant church that baptizes using the Trinitarian formula is an accepted baptism by the Catholic Church - were a member so baptized to seek to join the Church subsequently, we would not re-baptize them. That is the first clue. The second was the repeated statements by John Paul 2 that said the focus had previously been on what separates us; what we need to look at is what unites us. Yes, there are doctrinal differences, but I can tell you that more than a few Pritestant denominations preach Christ, and Him cruciified, and do a better job than a whole lot of priests I have heard. A multitude of your “heretical” groups profess a whole lot more in common with us than you seem to want to accept.
We don’t get to heaven by memorizing and accepting any or a bunch of doctrines. We get to heaven by living our life in Christ. We get to heaven by not being in a state of mortal sin, and by doing more than that - by living as Christ directs us - loving one another, and loving God. You seem to dwell on the fact that others (non-Cahtolics) don’t have the sacrament of Reconcilliation. Christ is not bound by the sacraments, and it is ultimately between God and the individual in terms of repentance. Note - I do not say the sacrament is meaningless, on not essential to those who have been given the gift; only that God wills that all be saved, and how he distributes his mercy is not directed by how we think it should be applied.
Christ managed to put all of it into two laws - Love God with your whole heart, mind and soul, and love one another as you love yourself. Taht was the essence of what it takes to get to heaven.
The Good Thief has no recorded information of ever being baptized, or even having been a follower of Christ, but Christ promised him right then and there he was going to heaven. You might keep in mind that we may not be the recipient of exactly how Christ acts in a salvific manner. But to presume that Christ cannot or will not save someone who was born Protestant and never told the truth about the CAtholic faith is to presume against the ability and work of the Holy Spirit.
It is a misunderstanding of the teaching office of the Papacy, and a misunderstanding of the term “infallible” to presume that when the Pope - here, John Paul 2 speaks, and here, Vatican 2 - the perfect example of the action of the Magisterium of the Church with the bishops teaching in unison with the Pope - when it teaches on salvation, to presume that the Pope or the council has to say something “de fide” when he or it speaks about doctrinal issues. The Pope and the bishops in union with him have spoken and said that all who are saved, are saved through Christ and his Church; that salvation may come without explicitly acknowledged membership in the Catholic Church (that is, a Protestant can get in), and that we are not particularly privy to all the details. It has also said that it is more difficult to obtain salvation outside explicitly acknowledged membership.
There is a history of 2000 years, of people being very trained in theology, and going off the “beaten path” - the teaching of the Magisterium. It may be that you have not had enough formal (if any) training in theology. It may be that you have had it, and like others in history past, do not or cannot find a way to accept what the Church teaches at any given moment in time. Or it may be that the issue is sophisticated and complicated enough that you do not grasp it. I do not say that as a put-down. I took the LSAT and scored in the top 3% of those taking the test; when I got to law school, I found several concepts difficult to wrap my mind around.
I do not presume, without a PhD in Theology, to be able to understand clearly some of the things the Church teaches. What I do then is accept that the church, when it teaches that the Holy Spirit guides the Church and protects it from error when formulating or expounding on a doctrinal issue, that the Church teaches the truth (that is, that the Holy Spirit really does do that). There is not a clearer example of the action of the Magisterium (the bishops teaching in unison and union with the Pope) than Vatican 2.
And I am constantly astounded by people who profess to be good, solid Catholics who don’t seem to get that point, and constantly pick at the documents of Vatican 2. If we don’t understand something, and it appears to contradict prior statements, then it is not necessarily for us to try and reason out the difference; it is for the Church to explain it. And when it does, if we don’t get it, then it is for us to shut up and accept what we may not understand. Christ did not grant perfect understanding, and the Church does not profess to grant it either.